Compositional variation in the leaf, mace, kernel, and seed essential oil of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) from the Western Ghats, India

The giant African snail Lissachatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822) is reported as a pest in rubber plantations adjoining forest fringes in the Western Ghats region of Kerala. The snail was causing damage to rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) trees, by feeding on rubber latex and nutmeg twigs and leaves. L. fulica infestation on M. fragrans is a new record. The snail infestation in rubber plantations is the first report from the Western Ghats region in Kerala.

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Antifungal Activity of Artemisia Nilagirica Essential Oil from the Western Ghats Nilgiris against Food Borne Fungi

Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.21767/2576-1412.100022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 02 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Kishmu Lingan

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Western Ghats ◽

Food Borne ◽

Artemisia Nilagirica ◽

The Western Ghats

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Utilization of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Seed Hydrodistillation Time to Produce Essential Oil Fractions with Varied Compositions and Pharmacological Effects

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25030565 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 565 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohamed A. Ibrahim ◽

Charles L. Cantrell ◽

Ekaterina A. Jeliazkova ◽

Tess Astatkie ◽

Valtcho D. Zheljazkov

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Pharmacological Effects ◽

Substantial Variation ◽

Myristica Fragrans ◽

Oil Fractions ◽

Myristica Fragrans Houtt

The intent of this study was to utilize distillation timeframes (DT) of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) essential oil (EO) to generate fractions with differential chemical compositions and bioactivity. Ten fractions were captured at the following distillation timeframes: 0.0–0.5, 0.5–1.0, 1.0–2.5, 2.5–5.0, 5.0–10, 10–30, 30–60, 60–90, 90–120, and 120–240 min. In addition, a control EO was collected from a straight 0–240 min non-stop distillation. ANOVA and advanced regression modeling revealed that the produced EO fractions possess substantial variation in the concentration of potentially desired compounds. The concentrations (%) of α-phellandrene, 3-carene, p-cymene, limonene, α-thujene, α-pinene, camphene, sabinene, β-pinene, and myrcene decreased, while the concentrations (%) of α-terpinene, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, and myristicin increased in later DT fractions. Nutmeg EO showed some antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum D6, but did not exhibit significant antifungal activity. In general, nutmeg seed oil yields increased with an increase of DT. These results may be utilized by industries using nutmeg EO.

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Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils from the Leaves and Fruits of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v4i7.552-556.705 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

pp. 552

Author(s):

Anne Carolina ◽

Maman Maman

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Larvicidal Activity ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Myristica Fragrans ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Myristica Fragrans Houtt ◽

Fruit Oil

The aim of this research was to examine the larvicidal activity of essential oil (EO) extracted from nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) leaves and fruits by steam distillation, and to analyze its chemical compounds. The EO yield of nutmeg leaves and fruits collected from the same tree was 0.66% and 0.30%, respectively. Larvicidal tests with the EO were carried out against Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). The concentrations of nutmeg EO used for the larvicidal assay were 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 μg/mL. The results showed that fruit oil was more toxic than the leaf oil. LC50 values of leaf and fruit EOs were 133.8 and 110.1 µg/mL, respectively. The chromatogram of GC-MS showed that the chemical components in nutmeg leaf and fruit EOs were dominated by α-pinene, sabinene, β-pinene, delta-3-carene, limonene, β-phellandrene, α-terpinolene, linalool, safrole, croweacin, and myristicin.

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Chemical Composition and in vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oil Extracted from Myristica Fragrans Houtt

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies ◽

10.15244/pjoes/124738 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Moin ud Din ◽

Abid Ali ◽

Muhammad Yasir ◽

Muhammad Idrees Jilani ◽

Sanila Shoaib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

In Vitro Evaluation ◽

Myristica Fragrans ◽

Myristica Fragrans Houtt ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

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A Review on Chemical Composition, Bioactivity, and Toxicity of Myristica fragrans Houtt. Essential Oil

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY ◽

10.22146/ijp.1271 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 304-313

Author(s):

Mega Ferdina Warsito

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Volatile Oil ◽

Natural Medicine ◽

Myristica Fragrans ◽

Biological Potency ◽

Myristica Fragrans Houtt ◽

Nutmeg Essential Oil

Myristica fragrans Houtt., commonly known as nutmeg, is an Indonesian indigenous dioecious evergreen tree which contains 5-15% volatile oil. The oil is usually produced from the seed or mace. Nutmeg oil has been extensively utilized in aromatherapy, natural medicine, and the perfume industry. This article provides an overview of the chemical compounds, biological potency, and toxic effects of nutmeg essential oil compiled from recent literature (2000–2020). Nutmeg oil mainly comprises monoterpenes and phenylpropanoids. Several reports on gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry analysis of nutmeg oil showed that there were 27–38 chemical constituents detected at various concentrations. Many secondary metabolites of nutmeg oil reported to show biological activities that possibly substantiate its utilization in natural medicine. Numerous studies reported the biological activities of this volatile oil such as antioxidant, analgesic, antiinflammation, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antiparasitic, insecticidal, and anticancer activity. But large intake of nutmeg oil could cause intoxication which is shown through symptoms in cardiovascular, central nervous system, anticholinergic, and local effects in the stomach. These symptoms are mainly attributed to the effect of myristicin, safrole, and elemicin overdose. This updated review paper intends to attract more attention to nutmeg oil and its potential to be developed into a medicinal product for the prophylaxis and therapy of diseases.

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