Strategies of Destination Management Organizations in Urban and Rural Areas: Using Text Analysis Method for SWOT Descriptions at Meta-level

Author(s):  
Yuta Uchiyama ◽  
Ryo Kohsaka

Candida infections are some of the most common fungal infections, which are generally found in persons with weakened or compromised immune systems. In the first part of this paper is analyzed statistically and epidemiologically the spread in the urban and rural environment, in Romania, of Candida infections, these producing great problems especially to the people included in the risk groups. The data collected from Romania from 2008-2014 were investigated. The estimates were made by years, by categories of urban / rural areas, but also by expressing the results as persons (cases) per 100,000 inhabitants, to estimate the real incidence of such infections in Romania. The statistical analysis was performed with the well-defined purpose of observing in which of the environments of origin of the patients (urban or rural) predominate the infections like Candida. The period chosen for the study, although not recent, does not influence the conclusions of the analysis, as the living conditions of the population in urban and rural areas have not evolved significantly in recent years in Romania. In the second part of the paper, through the cluster analysis, the differences between the spread of Candida infections from the above mentioned period were analyzed, in the urban and rural areas, using common criteria. Cluster analysis is a multivariate analysis method, which includes algorithms capable of effectively identifying and grouping, in a given set of objects, similar groups in terms of common properties. The analysis was performed using Excel and Matlab software.


Author(s):  
John Jaya Abdillah ◽  
Vinc.Hadi Wiyono ◽  
Bhimo Rizky Samudro

Economic crisis occurring in 1998 leads Indonesia to occupy the dullest side of economy. The people’s decreased purchasing ability indicates that this condition impacts on the people’s welfare level. Poverty, indicated with the decreased ability of fulfilling human’s basic need, increases dramatically. This research, in addition to studying the consumption pattern in urban and rural areas, also will find out the relationship between poverty and consumption pattern of community in Central Java. The analysis method used was descriptive quantitative one by calculating rank spearman’s correlational coefficient test value. The result of research showed that food consumption pattern in urban areas tends to be lower than that in rural areas. From the result of rank spearman’s correlational coefficient test value, it could be seen that there is a relationship between the proportion of poor population and the expenditure per capita of population. It could be assumed that the higher the consumption of an area, the more prosperous is the people in the area or the higher is the income of the people in the area.


2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SEITZ

Modernization of agriculture, economic development and population increase after the end of the Thirty Years' War caused authorities in many parts of Germany to decree the eradication of so-called pest animals, including the House Sparrow. Farmers were given targets, and had to deliver the heads of sparrows in proportion to the size of their farms or pay fines. At the end of the eighteenth century German ornithologists argued against the eradication of the sparrows. During the mid-nineteenth century, C. L. Gloger, the pioneer of bird protection in Germany, emphasized the value of the House Sparrow in controlling insect plagues. Many decrees were abolished because either they had not been obeyed, or had resulted in people protecting sparrows so that they always had enough for their “deliveries”. Surprisingly, various ornithologists, including Ernst Hartert and the most famous German bird conservationist Freiherr Berlepsch, joined in the war against sparrows at the beginning of the twentieth century, because sparrows were regarded as competitors of more useful bird species. After the Second World War, sparrows were poisoned in large numbers. Persecution of sparrows ended in Germany in the 1970s. The long period of persecution had a significant but not long-lasting impact on House Sparrow populations, and therefore cannot be regarded as a factor in the recent decline of this species in urban and rural areas of western and central Europe.


JMS SKIMS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Noorul Amin

Background: The present age is the age of stress. Everybody is disturbed due to one or the other reason irrespective of their age. However, adolescents are more prone to psychological and sociological disturbances.Objectives:To assess the psychosocial problems in adolescents.Methods: The study was conducted in selected schools of urban and rural areas taking 100 participants each for boys and girls using convenient sampling method. The tool used was youth self report. The data collected was analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.Results: The study revealed that 48.5% adolescents were well adjusted; 47% were having mild psychosocial problems; 4% had moderate psychosocial problems and 0.5% had severe psychosocial problems.Conclusion: Adolescents irrespective of their living places had varying degrees of psychosocial problems. JMS 2017; 20 (2):90-95


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