scholarly journals Meat and Bone Meal and Mineral Feed Additives May Increase the Risk of Oral Prion Disease Transmission

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Johnson ◽  
Debbie McKenzie ◽  
Joel A. Pedersen ◽  
Judd M. Aiken
Keyword(s):  
Prion Disease ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Mineral Feed Additives

Effect of some feed additives on the performance of broiler chicks fed diets containing high levels of meat and bone meal

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (82) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Karunajeewa
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Potassium Sulphate ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Potassium Oxalate ◽  
High Level

Two experiments, each of five weeks duration, were conducted to determine the effects of vitamin D3, EDTA, potassium oxalate, magnesium oxide and potassium sulphate on the performance of broiler chicks given diets containing a high level of meat and bone meal. The addition of 0.095 per cent EDTA or 0.063 per cent EDTA plus 0.1 25 per cent magnesium oxide or 0.063 per cent potassium oxalate improved efficiency of feed conversion, and 0.188 per cent potassium sulphate improved both liveweight gain and efficiency of feed conversion, of chicks fed diets with a high level of meat and bone meal. Magnesium oxide, either independently or in combination with potassium oxalate, had no effect on chick performance. Non-supplementation of meat and bone meal based diets with vitamin D3 caused a depression in growth, feed intake, efficiency of feed conversion, tibia weight and tibia ash content. These adverse effects were aggravated by the addition of 0.25 per cent EDTA to such a diet.

Local mineral feed additives in the rations of steers of Hereford breed

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
M. Grigoryev ◽  
N. Chernogradskaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Effect ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Mineral Feed Additives

Animals imported to Yakutia from other regions fall into feeding and housing conditions that differ from their usual agro-climatic conditions, which causes the problem of their adaptation. Yakutia is one of the areas where the feed of its own production has a lack of basic minerals, which affects the health and productivity of animals, which has an additional negative influence on the adaptation process of imported cattle. In order to replenish macro- and microelements in the body, it is necessary to introduce various local mineral feed additives, premixes, and use mineral salts into the ration. Under the conditions of Central Yakutia the influence of local mineral feed additives (zeolite of the Khonguruu Deposit in the Suntar district and sapropels of local lakes) containing macro- and microelements that increase the meat productivity of steers has been studied. As a result of the research the influence of local mineral feed additives on meat productivity and physiological condition of Hereford steers has been established. Influence of zeolite and sapropel in a complex with mineral salts on digestibility of nutrients of the ration and use of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus by experimental animals has been defined. The influence of feed additives on the quality of meat products has been studied. The results have shown that the use of local mineral feed additives in the composition of ration of steers during the fattening period at a dose of 0,7 g zeolite per 1 kg of live weight of the animal and 200 g of sapropel in combination with 10 g of mineral salts contributed to the gain in live weight, carcass weight, carcass yield, yield of edible parts, and economic efficiency of fattening. For the entire period of the experiment the gain in live weight in groups was: in control group 2222,9 kg, in the 1st experimental group 2396,2 kg, in the 2nd experimental group 2471,1 kg. The total economic effect for the 1st experimental group for the period of experiment amounted to 44,3 thousand Rubles, for the 2nd experimental group 78,0 thousand Rubles or per 1 head/day 14,06 and 24,76 Rubles, respectively.

Real-Time PCR Detection of Ruminant DNA

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS MENDOZA-ROMERO ◽  
EDWARD L. C. VERKAAR ◽  
PAUL H. SAVELKOUL ◽  
ARNOLD CATSBURG ◽  
HENK J. M. AARTS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Dna Targeting ◽  
Species Origin ◽  
Semiquantitative Method

To control the spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, several DNA methods have been described for the detection of the species origin of meat and bone meal. Most of these methods are based on the amplification of a mitochondrial DNA segment. We have developed a semiquantitative method based on real-time PCR for detection of ruminant DNA, targeting an 88-bp segment of the ruminant short interspersed nuclear element Bov-A2. This method is specific for ruminants and is able to detect as little as 10 fg of bovine DNA. Autoclaving decreased the amount of detectable DNA, but positive signals were observed in feeding stuff containing 10% bovine material if this had not been rendered in accordance with the regulations, i.e., heated at 134°C for 3 instead of 20 min.

scholarly journals Bovine meat and Bone Meal as an Economically Viable Alternative in Quail Feeding in the Final Phase

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (spe) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
CC Pizzolante ◽  
JE Moraes ◽  
SK Kakimoto ◽  
FEL Budiño ◽  
C Móri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Final Phase

scholarly journals Effect of isoproteinous feed on growth and survival of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
I Siddika ◽  
M Das ◽  
K R Sumi
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Significant Difference

A four week experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of isoproteinous (35%) feed prepared named diet 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively by substituting 0%, 50% , 75% and 100% fish meal with meat and bone meal in view of preparing a cost effective tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry feed. The four experimental diets (diet 1 to 4) each were randomly assigned to twelve hapas with three replications. Tilapia fry (0.011g) were randomly stocked in 100 fry/9ft² hapa and fed five times a day up to their apparent satiation. The results of the study showed that the weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), the apparent net protein utilization value and survival (%) of the fish were significantly  (P<0.05) higher and better feed utilization with lower FCR value was observed in fish fed on the diet 4 where meat and bone meal was used as sole source of protein base. There was no significant difference between the carcass moisture and lipid of fish fed with different experimental diets. The results of the study indicated that diet 1 containing fish meal (45.15% Fish meal, 27.43% Rice bran and 27.43% Wheat flour) can be replaced by meat and bone meal containing diet 4 (54.06% Meat and bone meal, 22.97% Rice bran and 22.97% Wheat flour) with no adverse effects on growth and survival of O. niloticus. Before recommendation several trials will be necessary in different farms to be  sure of the reproducibility of the result obtained in the present experiment. Cost- benefit analysis reveals that the   meat and bone meal containing diet certainly provides cheaper feed.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i1.12110   J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(1): 169–174, 2012  

Response of breeding sows to long term dietary supplementation with folic acid

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 153-153
Author(s):  
P.B. Lynch ◽  
P.J.A. Sheehy
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Dietary supplementation with folic acid has been shown to improve reproductive performance in sows (Lindemann 1993). However most studies have been for one cycle only and few have examined the effect of supplementation over several parities.One hundred and thirty four crossbred sows ranging in parity from 2 to 4 were selected at farrowing and randomly allocated to two dietary treatments of low and high supplemental folic acid (0 and 10 g per tonne, Roche Products Ltd.). Treatments were applied for the following three lactations and post weaning periods, two full pregnancies and to day 30 of the pregnancy following the third lactation. The diet fed contained barley, wheat, soyabean meal and meat and bone meal with nutrient levels of 14.0 MJ DE/kg and 1.02% lysine. Sows were individually penned throughout with restricted feeding in pregnancy (2.2 kg/day increasing to 2.5 kg/day in the final month), and ad libitum in lactation (approx 5.0 kg/day) and post weaning (approx 3.4 kg/day). Blood samples for determination of plasma and red cell folate were taken from 14 sows per treatment on days 4, 50 and 110 of one cycle. These were determined by a microbiological assay (modification of methods of Scott et al 1974 and Wilson and Home 1982).

scholarly journals Human prion diseases: surgical lessons learned from iatrogenic prion transmission

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. E10 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Bonda ◽  
Sunil Manjila ◽  
Prachi Mehndiratta ◽  
Fahd Khan ◽  
Benjamin R. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prion Disease ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Prion Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
World Health ◽  
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Prion Transmission ◽  
Iatrogenic Transmission

The human prion diseases, or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, have captivated our imaginations since their discovery in the Fore linguistic group in Papua New Guinea in the 1950s. The mysterious and poorly understood “infectious protein” has become somewhat of a household name in many regions across the globe. From bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly identified as mad cow disease, to endocannibalism, media outlets have capitalized on these devastatingly fatal neurological conditions. Interestingly, since their discovery, there have been more than 492 incidents of iatrogenic transmission of prion diseases, largely resulting from prion-contaminated growth hormone and dura mater grafts. Although fewer than 9 cases of probable iatrogenic neurosurgical cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) have been reported worldwide, the likelihood of some missed cases and the potential for prion transmission by neurosurgery create considerable concern. Laboratory studies indicate that standard decontamination and sterilization procedures may be insufficient to completely remove infectivity from prion-contaminated instruments. In this unfortunate event, the instruments may transmit the prion disease to others. Much caution therefore should be taken in the absence of strong evidence against the presence of a prion disease in a neurosurgical patient. While the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) have devised risk assessment and decontamination protocols for the prevention of iatrogenic transmission of the prion diseases, incidents of possible exposure to prions have unfortunately occurred in the United States. In this article, the authors outline the historical discoveries that led from kuru to the identification and isolation of the pathological prion proteins in addition to providing a brief description of human prion diseases and iatrogenic forms of CJD, a brief history of prion disease nosocomial transmission, and a summary of the CDC and WHO guidelines for prevention of prion disease transmission and decontamination of prion-contaminated neurosurgical instruments.

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