Use of Illicit Drugs by Truck Drivers Arriving at Paranaguá Port Terminal, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Severo Peixe ◽  
Rafael Menck de Almeida ◽  
Edmarlon Girotto ◽  
Selma Maffei de Andrade ◽  
Arthur Eumann Mesas
Keyword(s):  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Truck Drivers

Detecting Alcohol and Illicit Drugs in Oral Fluid Samples Collected from Truck Drivers in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Yonamine ◽  
Livia Rentas Sanches ◽  
Beatriz Aparecida Passos Bismara Paranhos ◽  
Rafael Menck de Almeida ◽  
Gabriel Andreuccetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
São Paulo

scholarly journals FATORES ASSOCIADOS AO USO DE ANFETAMINAS ENTRE CAMINHONEIROS

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-125
Author(s):  
Juliana Gusmão Fonseca ◽  
Gustavo Magalhães Viana ◽  
Joyce Elen Murça de Souza ◽  
Luiza Augusta Rosa Rossi-Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Amphetamine Use ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Selection Of

As anfetaminas conhecidas como "rebites" são normalmente utilizadas por caminhoneiros. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a prevalência e fatores associados à utilização autorrelatada de anfetaminas entre caminhoneiros que trafegam na rodovia BR 251, no trecho de Montes Claros, MG, com parada em um posto de combustível. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, quantitativo com seleção dos indivíduos por amostragem de conveniência. Foi utilizado um questionário com dados sociodemográficos, econômicos, ocupacionais e relacionados às anfetaminas. Realizou-se a análise bivariada, cuja variável dependente foi o uso de anfetaminas e aquelas que apresentaram associação ao nível de 20% (p≤0,20) foram selecionadas para a análise múltipla utilizando a Regressão de Poisson. Permaneceram no modelo as variáveis com desfecho ao nível de 5% (p≤ 0,05). Dentre os 306 pesquisados, 22,2% eram usuários de anfetaminas, sendo o princípio ativo mais utilizado o Femproporex (Desobesi®). A média de idade foi de 41 anos, variando de 22 a 77 anos. A maioria trabalha mais de 10 horas diárias. O uso de anfetaminas esteve associado aos profissionais mais jovens e com maior carga horária de trabalho. Faz-se necessário um controle maior sobre a venda desses medicamentos por parte dos órgãos competentes.Palavras-chave: Prevalência. Anfetaminas. Drogas Ilícitas. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE AMPHETAMINES USE AMONG TRUCK DRIVERSABSTRACT: Amphetamines known as "rivets" are commonly used by truck drivers. This study aimed to verify the prevalence and factors associated with the self-reported use of amphetamines among truck drivers who travel on the BR 251 highway, in the Montes Claros stretch, MG, stopping at a fuel station. It is a cross-sectional, quantitative study with selection of individuals by convenience sampling. A questionnaire with socio-demographic, economic, occupational and amphetamine-related data was used. The bivariate analysis was performed, whose dependent variable was the use of amphetamines, and those that showed association at the level of 20% (p≤0.20) were selected to multiple variety analysis using Poisson Regression. Remain in analysis only variables whose end point was 5% (p≤0.05). Among 306 participants, 22.2% had used amphetamine, Femproporex (Desobesi®)was the most common active principle used. Mean age was 41 years, range 22 to 77 years old. Most interviewed works more than 10 hours a day. Younger drivers and more daily hours of work were associated with amphetamine use. Finally, to decrease amphetamine use and abuse, it is essential a closer sale control on this drugs by the government.Keywords: Prevalence. Amphetamines. Illicit Drugs.

scholarly journals Demographic and cardiovascular risk factors associated with drug use in truck drivers in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: A cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Moura Pereira ◽  
Antonio Padua Mansur ◽  
Julio Yoshio Takada ◽  
Vilma Leyton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variables

Abstract Background: The irregular routine of truck drivers favors the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which can be exacerbated by the use of illicit drugs. This study analyzed the association between the previous use of illicit drugs by truck drivers with the health risk variables.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from 2,071 truck drivers who traveled through the state of São Paulo between 2010 and 2016. Socioeconomic and occupational variables, risk factors for CVD, use of illicit drugs were analyzed. Clinical and toxicological tests were also carried out. The stepwise logistic regression model was used for adjusted analysis. The dependent variable was previous use of illicit drugs, and the independent variables were those with p<0.1 at bivariate analysis.Results: The average age of the truck drivers was 42.27 ± 11.07 years, and the use of illicit drugs, at least once while working, was reported or detected in 388 (18.7%) drivers. Compared to non-users, drug users were younger (37.25 ± 9.45 vs. 43.43 ± 11.1 years; p <0.001) and single (43.3% vs. 28.4%; p <0.001). The independent variables age [OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 - 0.95; p<0.001)], smoking [OR = 2.18 (95% CI: 1.39 - 3.44; p = 0.001)], alcohol consumption [OR = 1.626 (95% CI: 1.06 - 2.49; p = 0.026)] and hours of driving per day [OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01 - 1.15; p = 0.012)] were also associated with the use of illicit drugs.Conclusion: The use of illicit drugs was higher in young and single drivers and was associated with a higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption and more driving hours, which are risk factors for NCDs, CVD and traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Prevalence of use of alcohol, tobacco, cocaine and other illicit drugs among drivers truck in the West Center region of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e10010917691
Author(s):  
Carla Danielle Dias Costa ◽  
Diogo Sousa Rodrigues ◽  
Flávia Neri Meira ◽  
Sérgio Henrique Nascente Costa ◽  
Vania Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Behavioral Profile ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Specialist Treatment

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of use of licit and illicit drugs and verify the behavioral profile among truck drivers. A total of 697 truck drivers were interviewed at a gas station on BR-153, between from February 2014 to February 2015. The questionnaire ASSIST was applied to screening the use of alcoholic beverages, tobacco and illicit drugs. Sociodemographic information and professional were also collected. Urine samples were screened for licit and illicit drugs. All of truckers were male, median age of 42 years, most of them married and low scholarity. 47% related moderate or high consumption of alcohol and tobacco and need a brief intervention. 21% use of cocaine, cannabinoids, amphetamine, hypnotics/sedatives, opioids, inhalants and need specialist treatment. From the 697 participants, 94% provided urine samples. 10,5% were positive for drugs. 5,2% were positive for cocaine, 2,6% for cannabinoids, 2,0% for amphetamine, 0,4% for benzodiazepines, 0,3% positive for methamphetamines and 1,4% for combined use of two drugs. Young and single truckers use tobacco, cannabis and amphetamines and need to receive brief intervention for these drugs. Truck drivers in the northern region of low education, require specialized treatment for tobacco. Truck drivers make high use of tobacco, alcohol, cocaine and other ilicit drugs. Measures are needed to improve quality of life to the drivers, as well as to prevent and treat individuals who use licit and illicit drugs in order to reduce engagement with traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Demographic and cardiovascular risk factors associated with drug use in truck drivers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Moura Pereira ◽  
Antonio Padua Mansur ◽  
Julio Yoshio Takada ◽  
Vilma Leyton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The irregular routine of truck drivers favors the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which can be exacerbated by the use of illicit drugs.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from 2,071 truck drivers who traveled through the state of São Paulo between 2010 and 2016. Socioeconomic and occupational variables and risk factors for CVD were associated with drug use. Clinical and toxicological tests were also carried out.Results: The average age of the truck drivers was 42.27 ± 11.07 years, and the use of illicit drugs, at least once while working, was reported or detected in 388 (18.7%) drivers. Compared to non-users, drug users were younger (37.25 ± 9.45 vs. 43.43 ± 11.1 years; p <0.001) and single (43.3% vs. 28.4%; p <0.001). The independent variables age [OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 - 0.95; p<0.001)], smoking [OR = 2.18 (95% CI: 1.39 - 3.44; p = 0.001)], alcohol consumption [OR = 1.626 (95% CI: 1.06 - 2.49; p = 0.026)] and hours of driving per day [OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01 - 1.15; p = 0.012)] were also associated with the use of illicit drugs.Conclusion: The use of illicit drugs was higher in young and single drivers and was associated with a higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption and more driving hours, which are risk factors for NCDs, CVD and traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Demographic and cardiovascular risk factors associated with drug use in truck drivers in the state of São Paulo: A cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Moura Pereira ◽  
Antonio Padua Mansur ◽  
Julio Yoshio Takada ◽  
Vilma Leyton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The irregular routine of truck drivers favors the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which can be exacerbated by the use of illicit drugs. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from 2,071 truck drivers who traveled through the state of São Paulo between 2010 and 2016. Socioeconomic and occupational variables, risk factors for CVD, use of illicit drugs were analyzed. Clinical and toxicological tests were also carried out. Results: The average age of the truck drivers was 42.27 ± 11.07 years, and the use of illicit drugs, at least once while working, was reported or detected in 388 (18.7%) drivers. Compared to non-users, drug users were younger (37.25 ± 9.45 vs. 43.43 ± 11.1 years; p <0.001) and single (43.3% vs. 28.4%; p <0.001). The independent variables age [OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 - 0.95; p<0.001)], smoking [OR = 2.18 (95% CI: 1.39 - 3.44; p = 0.001)], alcohol consumption [OR = 1.626 (95% CI: 1.06 - 2.49; p = 0.026)] and hours of driving per day [OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01 - 1.15; p = 0.012)] were also associated with the use of illicit drugs. Conclusion: The use of illicit drugs was higher in young and single drivers and was associated with a higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption and more driving hours, which are risk factors for NCDs, CVD and traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Demographic and cardiovascular risk factors associated with drug use in truck drivers in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil: A cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Moura Pereira ◽  
Antonio Padua Mansur ◽  
Julio Yoshio Takada ◽  
Vilma Leyton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The irregular routine of truck drivers favors the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which can be exacerbated by the use of illicit drugs. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from 2,071 truck drivers who traveled through the state of São Paulo between 2010 and 2016. Socioeconomic and occupational variables, risk factors for CVD, use of illicit drugs were analyzed. Clinical and toxicological tests were also carried out. Results: The average age of the truck drivers was 42.27 ± 11.07 years, and the use of illicit drugs, at least once while working, was reported or detected in 388 (18.7%) drivers. Compared to non-users, drug users were younger (37.25 ± 9.45 vs. 43.43 ± 11.1 years; p <0.001) and single (43.3% vs. 28.4%; p <0.001). The independent variables age [OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 - 0.95; p<0.001)], smoking [OR = 2.18 (95% CI: 1.39 - 3.44; p = 0.001)], alcohol consumption [OR = 1.626 (95% CI: 1.06 - 2.49; p = 0.026)] and hours of driving per day [OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01 - 1.15; p = 0.012)] were also associated with the use of illicit drugs. Conclusion: The use of illicit drugs was higher in young and single drivers and was associated with a higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption and more driving hours, which are risk factors for NCDs, CVD and traffic accidents.

Emergency Department Admission and Mortality Rate for Suicidal Behavior

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 406-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimondo Maria Pavarin ◽  
Angelo Fioritti ◽  
Francesca Fontana ◽  
Silvia Marani ◽  
Alessandra Paparelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Emergency Department Admission ◽  
Completed Suicide

Background: The international literature reports that for every completed suicide there are between 8 and 22 visits to an Emergency Department (ED) for attempted suicide/suicidal behavior. Aims: To describe the characteristics of admission to emergency departments (EDs) for suicide-related presenting complaints in the metropolitan area of Bologna; to estimate the risk for all-cause mortality and for suicide; to identify the profiles of subjects most at risk. Method: Follow-up of patients admitted to the EDs of the metropolitan area of Bologna between January 2004 and December 2010 for attempted suicide. A Cox model was used to evaluate the association between sociodemographic variables and the general mortality risk. Results: We identified 505 cases of attempted suicide, which were more frequent for female subjects, over the weekend, and at night (8:00 p.m./8:00 a.m.). The most used suicide methods were psychotropic drugs, sharp or blunt objects, and jumping from high places. In this cohort, 3.6% of subjects completed suicide (4.5% of males vs. 2.9% of females), 2.3% within 1 year of the start of follow-up. The most common causes of death were drug use and hanging. In the multivariate analysis, those who used illicit drugs 24 hr prior to admission to the ED (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.46, 95% CI = 1.23–9.73) and patients who refused the treatment (HR = 6.74, 95% CI = 1.86–24.40) showed an increased mortality risk for suicide. Conclusion: Deliberate self-harm patients presenting to the ED who refuse treatment represent a specific target group for setting up dedicated prevention schemes.

The Use of Prescription Drugs and Drugs of Abuse for Neuroenhancement in Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa J. Maier ◽  
Michael P. Schaub
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Mental Performance ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Monitoring The Future ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract. Pharmacological neuroenhancement, defined as the misuse of prescription drugs, illicit drugs, or alcohol for the purpose of enhancing cognition, mood, or prosocial behavior, is not widespread in Europe – nevertheless, it does occur. Thus far, no drug has been proven as safe and effective for cognitive enhancement in otherwise healthy individuals. European studies have investigated the misuse of prescription and illicit stimulants to increase cognitive performance as well as the use of tranquilizers, alcohol, and cannabis to cope with stress related to work or education. Young people in educational settings report pharmacological neuroenhancement more frequently than those in other settings. Although the regular use of drugs for neuroenhancement is not common in Europe, the irregular and low-dose usage of neuroenhancers might cause adverse reactions. Previous studies have revealed that obtaining adequate amounts of sleep and using successful learning techniques effectively improve mental performance, whereas pharmacological neuroenhancement is associated with ambiguous effects. Therefore, non-substance-related alternatives should be promoted to cope with stressful situations. This paper reviews the recent research on pharmacological neuroenhancement in Europe, develops a clear definition of the substances used, and formulates recommendations for practitioners regarding how to react to requests for neuroenhancement drug prescriptions. We conclude that monitoring the future development of pharmacological neuroenhancement in Europe is important to provide effective preventive measures when required. Furthermore, substance use to cope with stress related to work or education should be studied in depth because it is likely more prevalent and dangerous than direct neuroenhancement.

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