Effect of novel scavengers based on phenolic compounds on formaldehyde emission and physical-mechanical properties of particleboard

The objective of this research was to develop ecological adhesives for bonding plywood panels using lignosulfonates, a common waste product of the wood pulp industry, and natural tannin extracted from Moroccan bark of Acacia mollissima using different process. Natural tannin and lignin were used in wood adhesives formulation to substitute resins based on phenol and formaldehyde. To achieve this, the lignosulfonates were glyoxalated to enhance their reactivity and the used tannins obtained by three different extraction methods were compared with commercial mimosa tannin. The proportion of Acacia mollissima tannins and lignosulfonates, the pressing time, the pressing temperature, and the pressure used were studied to improve mechanical properties, and bonding quality of plywood panel. The properties of plywood panels produced with these adhesives were tested in accordance with normative tests. Thus, the tensile strength, and the shear strength were measured. The results showed that the performance of the plywood panels made using biobased tannin adhesives was influenced by physical conditions such as pressure, press temperature as well as by chemical conditions, such as the tannin-lignin ratio. It exhibited excellent mechanical properties comparable to commercially available phenol-formaldehyde plywood adhesives. This study showed that biobased adhesives formulations presented good and higher mechanical performance and no formaldehyde emission.

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Evaluation of the physical, mechanical properties and formaldehyde emission of particleboard manufactured from waste stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) cones

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2009.08.038 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 101 (1) ◽

pp. 255-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Umit Buyuksari ◽

Nadir Ayrilmis ◽

Erkan Avci ◽

Enus Koc

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Formaldehyde Emission ◽

Pinus Pinea ◽

Stone Pine

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Effects of Formaldehyde/Urea Mole Ratio, Panel Density, Shelling Ratio, and Waste Screen Dust on the Physical and Mechanical Properties, and Formaldehyde Emission of Particleboard Composite

High Temperature Materials and Processes ◽

10.1515/htmp.2010.29.4.287 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 287-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bünyamin Sarı, ◽

Gökay Nemli, ◽

Selahattin Bardak, ◽

Mehmet Baharoglu, ◽

Emir Zekoviç,

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Formaldehyde Emission

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Mechanical Properties and Formaldehyde Release of Particleboard Made with Lignin-Based Adhesives

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11188720 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (18) ◽

pp. 8720

Author(s):

Gabriela Balea Paul ◽

Maria Cristina Timar ◽

Octavia Zeleniuc ◽

Aurel Lunguleasa ◽

Camelia Coșereanu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Beech Wood ◽

Single Layer ◽

Formaldehyde Emission ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Carbonyl Groups ◽

Formaldehyde Release ◽

Spruce Wood ◽

Wood Particles

The aim of this research was to evaluate the potential of magnesium lignosulfonate as adhesive in particleboard manufacturing. Diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) between 1% and 3% and glucose (1% of the lignosulfonate content) were added as potential cross-linkers in the adhesive formulations. Mixed beech and spruce wood, 30% beech wood and 70% spruce wood, were employed for the configuration of the panel structure. The density, mechanical properties and formaldehyde emission of single-layer particleboard were investigated. Spectroscopic analysis (FTIR) revealed structural changes brought by oxidation that may indicate depolymerization by the splitting of C-O-C bonds and formation of carbonyl groups. Mechanical properties were improved, and the highest average values were recorded for panels having as adhesives oxidized lignin with cross-linkers as follow: 15 N/mm2 (MOR), 3320 N/mm2 (MOE) and 0.48 N/mm2 (IB). The density profile presented higher values for faces in case of oxidized lignin panels. Changes were observed for oxidized lignin with cross-linker panels wherein the core had higher values. The results showed that the panels manufactured with adhesives composed of oxidized lignosulfonate (20% of the dried wood particles weight) and the addition of PMDI and glucose in various percentages have a positive influence on their formaldehyde release and mechanical properties requested by EN 312 (2004) standard.

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Effect of Nano-additive on the Bonding Strength and Formaldehyde Emission of the Plywood Adhesive during Manufacturing of Wood Based Panel Products

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.b8306.1210220 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 158-161

Author(s):

S.C. Sahoo ◽

Amitava Sil ◽

Dharm Pal

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Shear Strength ◽

Calcium Carbonate ◽

Silicon Dioxide ◽

Formaldehyde Emission ◽

Adhesive Properties ◽

Nano Technology ◽

Panel Products ◽

Amino Resin ◽

Nano Silicon

Nano science and nano technology provides numerous opportunities for enhancing the properties of wood based panel products. In this study an extender was made using nano silicon dioxide ( Sio2), nano calcium carbonate( CaCo3) with some specialty chemicals at a certain reciprocal proportion. Efficacy study was carried out with both phenolic and amino resin in terms of rheological and formaldehyde emission test using reinforcement of nano additive as extender at different concentration level. The plywood panels has been tested as per IS: 1734-1983 for mechanical properties. The rheological and adhesive properties has been tested as per IS 848: 2006. The test data reveals that enhancement of rheological, bonding and mechanical properties have been achieved after reinforcement of synthetic resin. The increase in the percentage of nano-additive caused an increase of viscosity, glue shear strength and minimizing the formaldehyde emission than using individual nano silicon dioxide ( Sio2), nano calcium carbonate( CaCO3) instead of the extender made by combination of above. Using nano additive extender at 5%, there is an increase in glue shear strength in the glue line and enhanced rheological properties in amino resin based adhesive was observed.

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Effect of Melamine Content in MUF Resin on the Durable Properties of Plywood

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.3160 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 71-78 ◽

pp. 3160-3164 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiao Ying Liu ◽

Ji Zhi Zhang ◽

Yong Lin Yang ◽

Shi Feng Zhang ◽

Jian Zhang Li

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Ammonium Chloride ◽

Urea Formaldehyde ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Formaldehyde Emission ◽

Acidic Condition ◽

Uf Resin ◽

Accelerated Aging Test ◽

Aging Test ◽

Modified Urea

The effect of melamine content in melamine modified urea formaldehyde (MUF) resin on durable properties of plywood was investigated using ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) with different melamine/urea (M/U) ratios. The plywood specimens were exposed to laboratory accelerated aging and/or cyclic soak-dry (SD). The experiment results indicated that the melamine contents in MUF resin showed an unobservable effect on the durable properties of MUF resin bonded plywood. The mechanical properties of plywood decreased more severely after accelerated aging test in acidic condition. However, the influence of different curing catalyst contents on mechanical properties and formaldehyde emission of UF resin can be minimized by adding melamine to the resin.

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Effect of Core Temperature on Some Important Properties of Poplar Scrimber Boards during the Heat Curing Process

Forest Products Journal ◽

10.13073/fpj-d-18-00047 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 210-216

Author(s):

Fei Rao ◽

Jinguang Wei ◽

Yue Qi ◽

Yahui Zhang ◽

Wenji Yu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Core Temperature ◽

Large Scale ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Formaldehyde Emission ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Curing Process ◽

Horizontal Shear ◽

Heat Curing ◽

Swelling Rate

Abstract In this study, poplar wood and a phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin were used to produce a large-scale scrimber product by a combined cold pressing and heat curing method. The water resistance, mechanical properties, and formaldehyde emission of the scrimber boards prepared at different core temperatures (100°C, 110°C, 115°C, and 120°C) were investigated. The results showed that the peak core temperature had a significant effect on the scrimber performance. The thickness swelling rate and width swelling rate of the scrimber boards prepared at a core temperature of 100 °C were significantly higher than other samples. The formaldehyde emission from the surface layer of the scrimber boards prepared at a high core temperature (115°C and 120°C) was much lower than that at a core temperature of 100°C and 110°C. These results can be explained by the correlation between curing degree and temperature of the PF resin in the scrimber. With increasing core temperature, the modulus of rupture, compression strength, and horizontal shear strength of the scrimber boards first increased and then decreased, suggesting that core temperature during the heat curing process also played an important role in determining mechanical properties. The scrimber boards with the best mechanical properties were prepared at a core temperature of 115°C. The results of the study demonstrated that the optimal core temperature necessary to produce a low-cost and high-performance scrimber was 115°C.

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Thermal and mechanical properties of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin combined with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as nanofiller and fiberboards prepared by UF-MWCNT

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf-2014-0038 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

pp. 199-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Anuj Kumar ◽

Arun Gupta ◽

Korada Viswanathan Sharma

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Viscoelastic Properties ◽

Urea Formaldehyde ◽

Formaldehyde Emission ◽

Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Multiwalled Carbon ◽

Uf Resin

AbstractThe effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as reinforcement on the properties of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin and medium-density fiberboards was investigated. MWCNT was added to UF in two concentrations, and the effects were studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis in terms of the curing and viscoelastic properties of the resins. In the presence of MWCNT, the activation energy of the resins was lowered, and their storage modulus and thermal conductivity were enhanced. The formaldehyde emission decreased and mechanical properties increased after addition of MWCNT to UF resin.

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