Internet mediation and the family gap: explorative ethnographic interviews in new family forms in Belgium

Resuming published and own data, a revision of classification of Chaetognatha is presented. The family Sagittidae Claus & Grobben, 1905 is given a rank of subclass, Sagittiones, characterised, in particular, by the presence of two pairs of sac-like gelatinous structures or two pairs of fins. Besides the order Aphragmophora Tokioka, 1965, it contains the new order Biphragmosagittiformes ord. nov., which is a unique group of Chaetognatha with an unusual combination of morphological characters: the transverse muscles present in both the trunk and the tail sections of the body; the seminal vesicles simple, without internal complex compartments; the presence of two pairs of lateral fins. The only family assigned to the new order, Biphragmosagittidae fam. nov., contains two genera. Diagnoses of the two new genera, Biphragmosagitta gen. nov. (type species B. tarasovi sp. nov. and B. angusticephala sp. nov.) and Biphragmofastigata gen. nov. (type species B. fastigata sp. nov.), detailed descriptions and pictures of the three new species are presented.

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Correcting a 135-year error: Limulidae Leach, 1819 (Chelicerata, Xiphosura) is the proper authority, not Limulidae Zittel, 1885

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/jpa.2021.23 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Philip M. Novack-Gottshall ◽

Roy E. Plotnick

Keyword(s):

Horseshoe Crab ◽

Marine Species ◽

Limulus Polyphemus ◽

Junior Synonym ◽

Living Fossil ◽

New Family ◽

The Family ◽

The World ◽

Modern Genus

The horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus (Linnaeus, 1758) is a famous species, renowned as a ‘living fossil’ (Owen, 1873; Barthel, 1974; Kin and Błażejowski, 2014) for its apparently little-changed morphology for many millions of years. The genus Limulus Müller, 1785 was used by Leach (1819, p. 536) as the basis of a new family Limulidae and synonymized it with Polyphemus Lamarck, 1801 (Lamarck's proposed but later unaccepted replacement for Limulus, as discussed by Van der Hoeven, 1838, p. 8) and Xyphotheca Gronovius, 1764 (later changed to Xiphosura Gronovius, 1764, another junior synonym of Limulus). He also included the valid modern genus Tachypleus Leach, 1819 in the family. The primary authority of Leach (1819) is widely recognized in the neontological literature (e.g., Dunlop et al., 2012; Smith et al., 2017). It is also the authority recognized in the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS Editorial Board, 2021).

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Early Paleozoic Hyolitha from North America: reexamination of Walcott's and Resser's type specimens

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s0022336000029851 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 218-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

John Mark Malinky

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Lower Cambrian ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Early Paleozoic ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Middle Cambrian ◽

Upper Cambrian ◽

New Family ◽

The Family

Concepts of the family Hyolithidae Nicholson fide Fisher and the genera Hyolithes Eichwald and Orthotheca Novak have been expanded through time to encompass a variety of morphologically dissimilar shells. The Hyolithidae is here considered to include only those hyolithid species which have a rounded (convex) dorsum; slopes on the dorsum are inflated, and the venter may be flat or slightly inflated. Hyolithes encompasses species which possess a low dorsum and a prominent longitudinal sulcus along each edge of the dorsum; the ligula is short and the apertural rim is flared. The emended concept of Orthotheca includes only those species of orthothecid hyoliths which have a subtriangular transverse outline and longitudinal lirae covering the shell on both dorsum and venter.Eighteen species of Hyolithes and one species of Orthotheca from the Appalachian region and Western Interior were reexamined in light of more modern taxonomic concepts and standards of quality for type material. Reexamination of type specimens of H. similis Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Newfoundland, H. whitei Resser from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. billingsi Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. gallatinensis Resser from the Upper Cambrian of Wyoming, and H. partitus Resser from the Middle Cambrian of Alabama indicates that none of these species represents Hyolithes. Hyolithes similis is here included under the new genus Similotheca, in the new family Similothecidae. Hyolithes whitei is designated as the type species of the new genus Nevadotheca, to which H. billingsi may also belong. Hyolithes gallatinensis is referred to Burithes Missarzhevsky with question, and H. partitus may represent Joachimilites Marek. The type or types of H. attenuatus Walcott, H. cecrops Walcott, H. comptus Howell, H. cowanensis Resser, H. curticei Resser, H. idahoensis Resser, H. prolixus Resser, H. resseri Howell, H. shaleri Walcott, H. terranovicus Walcott, and H. wanneri Resser and Howell lack shells and/or other taxonomically important features such as a complete aperture, rendering the diagnoses of these species incomplete. Their names should only be used for the type specimens until better preserved topotypes become available for study. Morphology of the types of H.? corrugatus Walcott and “Orthotheca” sola Resser does not support placement in the Hyolitha; the affinities of these species are uncertain.

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Amino acid residues modulating the activities of staphylococcal glutamyl endopeptidases

Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1515/bc.2010.116 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 391 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Toshio Ono ◽

Yuko Ohara-Nemoto ◽

Yu Shimoyama ◽

Hisami Okawara ◽

Takeshi Kobayakawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family Members ◽

Glutamyl Endopeptidase ◽

Peptidase Activity ◽

Amino Acid Residues ◽

Virulence Determinants ◽

Cloning And Sequencing ◽

New Family ◽

The Family ◽

N Terminus ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermis

AbstractThe glutamyl endopeptidase family of enzymes from staphylococci has been shown to be important virulence determinants of pathogenic family members, such asStaphylococcus aureus. Previous studies have identified the N-terminus and residues from positions 185–195 as potentially important regions that determine the activity of three members of the family. Cloning and sequencing of the new family members fromStaphylococcus caprae(GluScpr) andStaphylococcus cohnii(GluScoh) revealed that the N-terminal Val residue is maintained in all family members. Mutants of the GluV8 enzyme fromS. aureuswith altered N-terminal residues, including amino acids with similar properties, were inactive, indicating that the Val residue is specifically required at the N-terminus of this enzyme family in order for them to function correctly. Recombinant GluScpr was found to have peptidase activity intermediate between GluV8 and GluSE fromStaphylococcus epidermisand to be somewhat less specific in its substrate requirements than other family members. The 185–195 region was found to contribute to the activity of GluScpr, although other regions of the enzyme must also play a role in defining the activity. Our results strongly indicate the importance of the N-terminal and the 185–195 region in the activity of the glutamyl endopeptidases of staphylococci.

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Filling the Family Gap

Studies in Family Planning ◽

10.2307/1965932 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 323

Author(s):

Bruce Stokes

Keyword(s):

The Family ◽

Family Gap

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Palaeonema phyticum gen. n., sp. n. (Nematoda: Palaeonematidae fam. n.), a Devonian nematode associated with early land plants

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854108783360159 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 9-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

George Poinar Jr ◽

Hans Kerp ◽

Hagen Hass

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Land Plant ◽

Terrestrial Plants ◽

Early Devonian ◽

Plant Parasitism ◽

New Family ◽

The Earth ◽

The Family ◽

The Face ◽

Early Land

AbstractNematodes are one of the most abundant groups of invertebrates on the face of the earth. Their extremely poor fossil record hinders our ability to assess just when members of this group invaded land and first became associated with plants. This study reports fossil nematodes from the stomatal chambers of the Early Devonian (396 mya) land plant, Aglaophyton major. These nematodes, which are tentatively assigned to the order Enoplia, are described as Palaeonema phyticum gen. n., sp. n. in the new family Palaeonematidae fam. n. Diagnostic characters of the family are: i) cuticular striations; ii) uniform, cylindrical pharynx with the terminal portion only slightly set off from the remainder; and iii) a two-portioned buccal cavity with the upper portion bearing protuberances. The presence of eggs, juveniles and adults in family clusters within the plant tissues provide the earliest evidence of an association between terrestrial plants and animals and may represent an early stage in the evolution of plant parasitism by nematodes.

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Applanodictyosporous Pleosporales: Clathrospora, Comoclathris, GraphyIlium, Macrospora, and Platysporoides

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b92-204 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 70 (8) ◽

pp. 1617-1658 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

R. A. Shoemaker ◽

C. E. Babcock

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

New Genus ◽

New Family ◽

The Family

Six genera of the order Pleosporales are revised taxonomically. Although five genera have unusual applanate ascospores, they are members of three different families. Clathrospora (10 species, 2 new), Comoclathris (21 species, 7 new), and Macrospora (3 species) are placed in a new family Diademaceae in which the ascoma opening is a characteristic flat circular lid. Diademosa, a new genus with one species with terete ascospores is placed in Diademaceae. Graphyllium (3 species) is placed in the family Hysteriaceae characterized by hysterothecia with a slit-like opening. Platysporoides n.gen. (11 species, 1 new) is maintained in the Pleosporaceae because of the terete pored beak of the ascomata. Key words: Pleosporales, applanate ascospores, Clathrospora, Comoclathris, Macrospora, Diademosa, Graphyllium, Platysporoides.

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An Efficient Weighted Residual Time Integration Family

International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics ◽

10.1142/s0219455421501066 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2150106

Author(s):

Mohammad Rezaiee-Pajand ◽

S. A. H. Esfehani ◽

H. Ehsanmanesh

Keyword(s):

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

Time Integration ◽

Nonlinear Damping ◽

Implicit Methods ◽

New Family ◽

Error Analyses ◽

Damping Behavior ◽

The Family ◽

New Strategy ◽

Time Integration Methods

A new family of time integration methods is formulated. The recommended technique is useful and robust for the loads with large variations and the systems with nonlinear damping behavior. It is also applicable for the structures with lots of degrees of freedom, and can handle general nonlinear dynamic systems. By comparing the presented scheme with the fourth-order Runge–Kutta and the Newmark algorithms, it is concluded that the new strategy is more stable. The authors’ formulations have good results on amplitude decay and dispersion error analyses. Moreover, the family orders of accuracy are [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for even and odd values of [Formula: see text], respectively. Findings demonstrate the superiority of the new family compared to explicit and implicit methods and dissipative and non-dissipative algorithms.

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Comments on “Is Copytus Skogsberg, 1939 (Crustacea: Ostracoda) a neocytherideid? With description of a new family and two new species” by Coimbra, Bergue & Ramos (2020)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4950.2.12 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4950 (2) ◽

pp. 398-400

Author(s):

OKAN KÜLKÖYLÜOĞLU

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Taxonomic Position ◽

New Family ◽

As Species ◽

Diagnostic Characteristics ◽

The Family ◽

Two New Species

Most recently, Coimbra et al. (2020) published an article in this journal (Zootaxa, 4729 (2): 177–194) questioning the taxonomic position of the genus Copytus Skogsberg, 1939 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) along with proposing it as the type genus of their new family (Copytidae Coimbra et al., 2020), and erecting two new species that were listed by previous authors as Copytus sp. 1 and Copytus sp. 2. The main diagnostic characteristics of their new proposed family (and the genus Copytus) are the hinge type and muscle scars on the carapace and/or valves (see lines 6–8 from the bottom, p. 179 in Coimbra et al. 2020). They also underlined that (p. 179) “...this study is based exclusively on the morphology of the animals’ hard parts”. While the authors considered another genus (Neocopytus) proposed by Külköylüoğlu, Colin & Kılıç (2007) of the family Neocytherididae as invalid, they interestingly transferred some species of Neocopytus to Copytus as species of their new family (Coimbra et al. 2020). Herein, my point with the comments listed below is to clarify that, when possible, both soft and hard parts should be considered in taxonomy, and such an integrated approach clearly indicates that Neocopytus is a valid and taxonomically useful genus.

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Child Participation: Overcoming Disparity between New Zealand’s Family Court and Out-of-court Dispute Resolution Processes

The International Journal of Children s Rights ◽

10.1163/15718182-02503004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (3-4) ◽

pp. 658-671 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicola Taylor

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Dispute Resolution ◽

Justice System ◽

Research Evidence ◽

Family Court ◽

New Family ◽

The Family ◽

Major Reform ◽

Children’S Views ◽

Resolution Processes

This article considers children’s right to participate in the context of private law disputes concerning their post-separation, day-to-day care and contact arrangements. In New Zealand the approach to ascertaining children’s views has been both long-standing and systematic for contested proceedings within the Family Court (via children’s legal representatives and judicial meetings with children). However, major reform of the family justice system in 2014 shifted the emphasis to new out-of-court processes for resolving post-separation parenting arrangements. The reforms were disappointingly silent on the issue of children’s participation in the new Family Dispute Resolution services, particularly mediation. A disparity has thus arisen between opportunities for children’s engagement in New Zealand’s in-court and out-of-court dispute resolution processes. Research evidence and international developments in Australia and England and Wales are reviewed for the guidance they can offer in remedying this in New Zealand and elsewhere.

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