Measurement and analysis of quality of life related to environmental hazards: the methodology illustrated by recent epidemiological studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Mounir Mesbah
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Environmental Hazards ◽  
Measurement And Analysis

Abstract WP445: Age Differences in the Impact of Sleep Apnea on Cognition and Quality of Life

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin J Addison-Brown ◽  
Abraham J Letter ◽  
Henry K Yaggi ◽  
Leslie A McClure ◽  
Frederick W Unverzagt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Using a subsample from the national REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, we examined the associations of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with cognition and quality of life and whether these associations vary with age while controlling for other demographic factors and comorbid medical conditions. Methods: Stroke-free participants with complete data on OSA risk, cognition, and quality of life as of October 2010 were included (N =2,925; ages 47-93, 43% men, 35% black, 65% white). OSA risk was defined as high or low based on responses to the Berlin Sleep Questionnaire (BSQ). Cognitive function was assessed with three validated fluency and recall measures; quality of life was assessed with the 4-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CESD-4) scale and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 (SF-12). MANCOVA statistics were applied to the cognitive and quality of life outcomes separately while accounting for potential confounders (age, sex, race, education, diabetes and dyslipidemia). Body mass index and hypertension were taken into account as part of the BSQ definition of OSA risk. Results: In fully adjusted models, those at high risk for OSA had significantly lower cognitive scores (p < .05) and lower quality of life (depressive symptoms and SF-12) (p < .0001) than those at low risk. Some of the associations were age-dependent, such that younger participants with high OSA risk had worse cognitive and quality of life scores than both younger participants with low OSA risk and older participants with high OSA risk. Discussion: Lower cognitive function and lower quality of life in those at high risk for sleep apnea remained after accounting for potentially confounding factors in a population-based sample. These relationships were more pronounced during middle age, with attenuated effects after age 70. It may be of particular importance to detect and treat OSA in younger adults.

Prevalência e impacto da fluorose dentária na qualidade de vida em escolares de uma ONG em Salvador, Bahia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Layana Santtana Freitas Sampaio ◽  
Tatiana Frederico de Almeida ◽  
Ricardo Araújo da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Child Perception ◽  
Oral Conditions

Introdução: Medidas de saúde de amplo impacto (fluoretação da água, dentifrícios fluoretados e aplicação de flúor), mas sem devidos controles, podem resultar no aumento da prevalência e gravidade da fluorose.  A avaliação demedidas subjetivas da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida, favorecida pela incorporação de dimensões clínicas e psicossociais, é requerida para estudos epidemiológicos de fluorose. Objetivos: descrever a prevalência e gravidade da fluorose dentária em escolares de uma Organização Não Governamental (ONG) e avaliar o impacto desse agravo na qualidade de vida. Metodologia: estudo de corte transversal, com crianças e adolescentes entre 10 a 17 anos de uma ONG do distrito Cabula-Beirú, Salvador-Bahia. A fluorose foi classificada através do Índice de Dean e seus impactos subjetivos avaliados através do Child Perception Questionnaire (adaptado ao Brasil). Resultados: Na amostra de 116 alunos, a prevalência da fluorose foi 65,5%, tendo o nível leve ocorrido em maior frequência (28,5%). Os escolares com fluorose relataram maior insatisfação com suas condições bucais do que aqueles sem este agravo (p<0,005). Conclusão: A alta prevalência da fluorose entre os jovens estudados aponta a necessidade de monitoramento da concentração de flúor na água daquela região e do uso de fluoretos nos dentifrícios nessa população. O impacto negativo da fluorose na qualidade de vida requer medidas de combate a esse problema de saúde.Abstract Introduction: Wide-ranging health measures such as fluoridation of water, use of fluoride dentifrices and application of fluoride when used without control can increase the prevalence and severity of fluorosis. Assessment of subjective measures of oral health related to quality of life combined with clinical and psychosocial dimensions is needed for epidemiological studies of fluorosis. Objectives: To describe the prevalence and severity of fluorosis in school children of a non-governmental organization – Cabula-Beirú district, Salvador-BA – and to assess its impact related to quality of life.  Methodology: cross-sectional epidemiological study with children and adolescents, from 10 to 17 years old. Fluorosis was classified with Dean’s Index. Subjective impacts of oral health were assessed through the Child Perception Questionnaire (adapted to Brazil). Results: From the sample of 116 students, the prevalence of fluorosis was 65.5%, and the mild level was 28.54%. Students with fluorosis reported greater dissatisfaction with their oral conditions than those without fluorosis (p <0.005). Conclusion: The results revealed that fluorosis prevalence was higher and this situation requires monitoring the concentration of fluoride in the water of that region and the use of fluorides in dentifrices in this population. The negative impact of fluorosis on quality of life requires measures to combat this health problem.

scholarly journals Features of erosive­ulcerative lesions of stomach and duodenum in patients with migraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. 826-832
Author(s):  
A. I. Dolgushina ◽  
M. I. Karpov ◽  
Olga V. Serousova ◽  
V. V. Osipova ◽  
A. F. Vasilenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Quality Of Life Indicators ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Ulcerative Lesions ◽  
Relationship Of

A number of epidemiological studies have shown the Association of migraine with peptic ulcer disease (JB), however, the processes underlying the pathogenesis and features of the course of these diseases have not been fully studied. Material and methods. A comprehensive examination of the gastrointestinal tract was performed in 114 patients with migraine. Focused on the major clinical and psychological characteristics of patients depending on the availability of gastroduodenopathies, especially pain therapy and serotonin levels in the blood serum. Results. In 18.4% of patients with migraine, regardless of its type, erosive and ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenum were detected. In patients with chronic migraine, gastric ULCER developed more often (PF =0.022), the clinical features of the combination of migraine and ULCER were more pronounced intensity of abdominal pain and heartburn. High (5 or more times a week) frequency of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was an important ulcerogenic factor in patients with migraine. Serotoninergic hypofunction can be discussed as a mechanism that determines the comorbid relationship of migraine and JB. The combination of migraine with NSA contributed to the formation of a more severe course of migraine. In assessing the quality of life indicators of all scales in such patients were lower . Gastropathy can be considered as an additional factor of migraine chronization, requiring appropriate therapeutic interventions to improve the quality of life of patients.

The Playing Field Is Uneven

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
Mark Robert Rank ◽  
Lawrence M. Eppard ◽  
Heather E. Bullock
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Hazards ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Class Background ◽  
Cumulative Process ◽  
Cumulative Inequality

Chapter 17 argues that the economic playing field in the United States is not level. Rather, the process is characterized by cumulative advantage and disadvantage. Those starting off with advantages or disadvantages with respect to their social class background will tend to experience a cumulative process of escalating advantage or disadvantage. This includes the quality of education one receives, the acquisition of human capital, the likelihood of being exposed to crime or environmental hazards, and the overall quality of life. In addition, race plays a prominent role in the process of cumulative inequality.

Generic quality of life assessment in psychiatry. Potentials and limitations

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bullinger
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Generic Quality ◽  
Quality Of Life Instruments ◽  
Psychiatric Outcome

SummaryThe term ‘quality of life’ has only recently been introduced to psychiatric outcome assessment. Current approaches to such assessment include the development of disease-specific quality of life instruments for psychiatric patient populations as well as the examination of generic quality of life instruments for use in psychiatric outcome studies. The current paper describes the psychiatric work with one example for a generic instrument: the short-form health survey questionnaire (SF-36). The 36 item patient-based questionnaire was developed within the Medical Outcome Study in the United States, was translated, validated and standardized in several countries and has been used in psychiatric settings. Results of epidemiological studies suggest that the SF-36 is applicable to psychiatric patients, is a psychometrically sound instrument also in this indication and yields relevant information in showing the degree of impairment in quality of life domains as experienced by psychiatric patients. The use of generic instruments in psychiatric population, such as the SF-36, might contribute to a better understanding of patients' quality of life as assessed in epidemiological studies, clinical trials and quality of care evaluations.

Baseline Characteristics of a National French E-Cohort of Hidradenitis Suppurativa in ComPaRe and Comparison with Other Large Hidradenitis Suppurativa Cohorts

Dermatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Morgane Condamina ◽  
Laetitia Penso ◽  
Viet-Thi Tran ◽  
Claire Hotz ◽  
Philippe Guillem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Treatment History ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
History Of

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition substantially impacting patients’ quality of life; the pathogenesis remains unclear, and treatment is complex and not yet standardized. Observational data are increasingly being used to evaluate therapeutics in “real-life” interventions, and the development of e-cohorts is offering new tools for epidemiological studies at the population level. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and treatment history of HS participants in the Community of Patients for Research (ComPaRe) cohort and to compare these to other cohorts. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We performed a cross-sectional study of the baseline data of HS participants in ComPaRe, an e-cohort of patients with chronic diseases. Data were collected using patient-reported questionnaires about clinical-dem­ographic aspects, quality of life, and treatment history. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 396 participants (339 females, 57 males) were included (mean age 38 years); 83 (21%) had a family history of HS, 227 (57.3%) were current smokers, and 241 (60.9%) were overweight or obese. Most of the participants declared a Hurley stage II (<i>n</i> = 263, 66.4%) or III (<i>n</i> = 76, 20.3%). The breast was more frequently affected in women than men (37.5 vs. 5.3%, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001), whereas the dorsal region was more frequently affected in men (39.5 vs. 10.9%, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001). Increased disease stage was associated with obesity (25.9 vs. 33.8 vs. 51.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and some HS localizations (genital [<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.005], pubis [<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.007], gluteal fold [<i>p</i> = 0.02], and groin [<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001]). The most frequently prescribed treatments were oral antibiotics (<i>n</i> = 362, 91.4%), especially amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cyclins. Less than 10% of participants received biologics. Most of these results were consistent with previously published cohorts. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Recruitment of participants by such a web platform can be a faster way to get relevant scientific data for a wide variety of patients that could be used for epidemiological studies and to evaluate therapeutics in “real-life” interventions.

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