The impact of strict and forced confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic on positive functioning variables, emotional distress, and posttraumatic growth in a Spanish sample

Recent research has demonstrated that first responders may report posttraumatic growth (PTG), positive psychological changes that arise in the aftermath of a trauma. Less is known regarding the perception of PTG among 9-1-1 telecommunicators, a group of first responders exposed to a high degree of lifetime trauma, including duty-related trauma as well as early and non-duty-related trauma. Moreover, the impact of childhood trauma on the processes involved in the perception of growth is less clear. While some distress is needed to facilitate processes that lead to the perception of PTG, it has been suggested that positive associations between PTG and pathology reflect avoidant coping or represent an illusory component of PTG. Structural equation models were used to examine early trauma exposure, coping, and pathology in predicting PTG among 9-1-1 telecommunicators ( N = 788). In separate models using active and avoidant forms of coping, childhood trauma exposure had an indirect effect on PTG through coping. In a model considering both forms of coping, childhood trauma had an indirect effect on PTG through psychopathology, but not through coping. The results show that early trauma exposure leads to the perception of growth through pathways indicative of both adaptive and maladaptive coping processes.

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Grief and Healing Trajectories of Drug-Death-Bereaved Parents

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.1177/0030222818754669 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 629-647 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

William Feigelman ◽

Beverly Feigelman ◽

Lillian M. Range

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Emotional Distress ◽

Building Block ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Significant Others ◽

Bereaved Parents ◽

Financial Burdens ◽

Drug Death ◽

Important Building Block

We explored parents’ views of the trajectories of their adult children’s eventual deaths from drugs with in-depth qualitative interviews from 11 bereaved parents. Parents reported great emotional distress and high financial burdens as their children went through death spirals of increasing drug involvements. These deaths often entailed anxiety-inducing interactions with police or medical personnel, subsequent difficulties with sharing death cause information with socially significant others, and longer term problems from routine interactions. Eventually, though, many of these longer term bereaved parents reported overcoming these obstacles and developing posttraumatic growth. Openly disclosing the nature of the death seemed to be an important building block for their healing.

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Mining for Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) in Sexual Minority Women Who Survive Intimate Partner Violence: A Conceptual Perspective

Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.3390/bs8090077 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 77 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elisabeth Counselman-Carpenter ◽

Alex Redcay

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Sexual Minority ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Minority Women ◽

Traumatic Experiences ◽

Sexual Minority Women ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

This theoretical paper explores the need to use posttraumatic growth (PTG) as a framework when studying sexual minority women (SMW) who are survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) to examine the relationship between risk factors such as stress, anxiety and alcohol use and to understand the role of protective factors through mining for the presence of posttraumatic growth (PTG). Despite a call for continued research in this highly vulnerable population, representative studies of SMW and PTG remain extremely limited. Research that examines the relationship between IPV, behavioral health issues, and posttraumatic growth would provide the opportunity to develop tailored intervention models and opportunities for program development to decrease isolation and increase factors of posttraumatic growth. In particular, the impact of how interpersonal relationships as potential mediators and/or outcomes of posttraumatic growth (PTG) needs to be explored more thoroughly. PTG is a valuable framework for vulnerable populations such as sexual minority women because it focuses on how transformative change may result from traumatic experiences such as surviving IPV.

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Posttraumatic Growth as a Mediator of Self-Blame and Happiness in the Context of Interpersonal Violence

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.33.6.1088 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 1088-1101 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elizabeth A. Moschella ◽

Sidney Turner ◽

Victoria L. Banyard

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Interpersonal Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Recovery Process ◽

The United States ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Future Research ◽

Self Blame ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Sexual assault (SA) and intimate partner violence (IPV) occur at alarming rates in the United States. Prior research indicates that victims of traumatic events frequently experience both positive and negative changes as part of their recovery process. The present study aimed to further existing research by examining the relationship between self-blame, posttraumatic growth (PTG), and happiness when controlling for posttraumatic stress and time since victimization. The current study analyzed 357 women who had experienced at least one incident of SA or IPV. We found that PTG partially mediated the relationship between self-blame and happiness, suggesting that PTG only somewhat explains the impact of self-blame on victim happiness. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.

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The effect of depression on survival in patients with newly diagnosed advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.8511 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 8511-8511 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. S. Temel ◽

V. A. Jackson ◽

A. Billings ◽

H. G. Prigerson ◽

P. Fidias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Analysis ◽

Emotional Distress ◽

Advanced Nsclc ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Study Endpoint ◽

Primary Study ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

The Impact

8511 Background: The impact of emotional distress on cancer-related mortality is unclear. Divergent results in studies are due, in part, from heterogeneous populations in terms of type of cancer, stage of disease, and time of emotional assessment. This study examined the effect of depression and anxiety on a well-defined cohort of patients with newly diagnosed advanced NSCLC. Methods: 46 patients with advanced NSCLC were recruited within eight weeks of diagnosis to participate in a feasibility study of early palliative care. Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at baseline and were followed for six months. The primary study endpoint was survival at six months. The effects of depression and anxiety were evaluated first by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and then by Cox regression to control for other variables. Results: Three patients (6%) had stage IIIB with effusions and the remaining 43 (93%) had stage IV disease. The median age of patients was 65.5 years and 28 of the 46 (61%) were women. 34 patients had a PS 1 (74%), 11 (24%) had PS 0 and one (2%) had PS 2. 96% of the patients completed the baseline HADS. 23% met HADS criteria for probable cases of depression (8 or greater) at baseline and 34% met HADS criteria for probable cases of anxiety (8 or greater). Using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, patients with depression were less likely to have survived at 6 months than non-depressed patients (50% versus 80%, log rank p=0.01). Baseline anxiety did not appear to impact survival. Using Cox proportional hazard regression analyses to control for stage, ECOG performance status, age, and gender, the effect of depression remained significant at p=0.03. Conclusion: Depression in newly diagnosed advanced NSCLC patients was associated with inferior survival in this well-defined patient population. Conversely, anxiety did not appear to be associated with mortality. These findings strengthen the argument that emotional distress influences survival. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm this conclusion, explore possible mediators, and investigate the effects of treatment for depression. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Spirituality and the negative and positive effects of traumatic experiences in a group of emergency service workers

Polish Journal of Applied Psychology ◽

10.1515/pjap-2015-0027 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 9-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nina Ogińska-Bulik ◽

Magdalena Zadworna-Cieślak

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Emergency Service ◽

Traumatic Events ◽

Stress Disorders ◽

Traumatic Experiences ◽

Service Workers ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Emergency Service Workers ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objective: Studies concerning the importance of spirituality on the negative and positive effects of traumatic experiences are very rare. Our study attempts to determine the role of spirituality in posttraumatic stress disorders, approached as a negative result of facing traumatic events, and profiting from such experiences in the form of posttraumatic growth. Method: The study covered 116 emergency service workers (only men), including 43 firefighters (37.1%), 43 police officers (37.1%) and 30 paramedics (25.8%), who experienced a traumatic event in their line of work. Those surveyed were between 21 and 57 years of age (M = 35.28; SD = 8.13). The Impact of Event Scale was used to assess the negative effects of traumatic experience, and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory for assessing the positive effects. Spirituality was measured using the Selfdescription Questionnaire. Results: 61.2% of the workers displayed at least moderate symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, whereas 38.8% displayed low intensity symptoms. Taking into consideration the positive effects of experienced traumatic events, it was discovered that almost 40% of those surveyed displayed low levels of posttraumatic growth, 34.5% average and 25.8% high. Correlation analysis was been performed to establish the relation between spirituality and posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth. Posttraumatic growth predictors were determined. Conclusions: Study results show that spirituality is not related to the intensification of posttraumatic stress symptoms, whereas it contributes to positive posttraumatic changes. Among different aspects of spirituality, harmony plays a major role.

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Experiences of adult siblings of those with developmental coordination disorder (DCD): a qualitative study

Current Psychology ◽

10.1007/s12144-021-02550-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Brendan Morris ◽

Jane Ogden ◽

Judith Gentle

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

Role Model ◽

Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽

Growing Up ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

The Family ◽

Coordination Disorder ◽

The Impact

AbstractThis qualitative study explored the childhood experiences of growing up with a sibling with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) to offer an ‘outsider’s’ view of this condition. Ten individuals who had grown up with a sibling with DCD were interviewed about their experiences. Data were analysed using Thematic Analysis. Analysis described three main themes: i)‘witnessing the challenges for their sibling with DCD’ ii) ‘experiencing the impact on the family’; iii) ‘a vacuum of knowledge’. Not all experiences were negative and transcending these themes was the notion ‘resolution and finding benefit’ highlighting access to support, being more empathic and resilient, becoming a role model for others and finding success. Participants play witness to their sibling’s experiences which can often be negative sometimes impacted by a vacuum of knowledge but they also describe how a diagnosis of DCD comes with some benefits which are discussed in the context of ‘posttraumatic growth’.

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Client Perspectives and Experiences With HIV Patient Navigation in the United States: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis

Health Promotion Practice ◽

10.1177/1524839919875727 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 25-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katherine B. Roland ◽

Darrel H. Higa ◽

Carolyn A. Leighton ◽

Yuko Mizuno ◽

Julia B. DeLuca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Social Service ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Patient Navigation ◽

The United States ◽

Client Experiences ◽

Navigation Data ◽

Navigation Program ◽

The Impact

Patient navigation is increasingly utilized to link and (re)engage persons with HIV to care. Understanding client experiences with HIV patient navigation can facilitate intervention design and translation of evidence to practice. We conducted a qualitative meta-synthesis of client experiences with HIV patient navigation. Data were analyzed using thematic synthesis. We identified seven relevant studies; all collected data via in-depth interviews with persons with HIV who participated in HIV patient navigation. Four interrelated themes emerged from analysis that pertain to (1) the complexity of the health and social service environment and the holistic approaches taken by the navigator, (2) the profound significance of the client–navigator relationship, (3) client reluctance to end the navigation program, and (4) client self-efficacy and feelings of hope and psychological change as a result of their navigation experience. The unifying theme across all studies was the value and impact of the client–navigator relationship on client experience and quality of life. Programs should consider hiring navigators who possess strong relational skills and are peers of the clients, and clearly delineating the role of the navigator. Research should examine the impact of the client–navigator relationship on client outcomes and further investigate how participating in patient navigation affects client self-efficacy, client resiliency, and the role of posttraumatic growth to achieve improved HIV outcomes. This review underscores the significance of the relationship within intensive, multilevel interventions for individuals and communities marginalized and isolated from health and social service systems.

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