A Practical and Economical Route to (S)-Glycidyl Pivalate

An efficient method to prepare enantiopure (S)-glycidyl pivalate from (R)-epichlorohydrin and pivalic acid is reported. This work provides an alternative to the synthesis of this important building block from readily available and inexpensive materials.

Subsentence Extraction from Text Using Coverage-Based Deep Learning Language Models

Sentiment prediction remains a challenging and unresolved task in various research fields, including psychology, neuroscience, and computer science. This stems from its high degree of subjectivity and limited input sources that can effectively capture the actual sentiment. This can be even more challenging with only text-based input. Meanwhile, the rise of deep learning and an unprecedented large volume of data have paved the way for artificial intelligence to perform impressively accurate predictions or even human-level reasoning. Drawing inspiration from this, we propose a coverage-based sentiment and subsentence extraction system that estimates a span of input text and recursively feeds this information back to the networks. The predicted subsentence consists of auxiliary information expressing a sentiment. This is an important building block for enabling vivid and epic sentiment delivery (within the scope of this paper) and for other natural language processing tasks such as text summarisation and Q&A. Our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches by a large margin in subsentence prediction (i.e., Average Jaccard scores from 0.72 to 0.89). For the evaluation, we designed rigorous experiments consisting of 24 ablation studies. Finally, our learned lessons are returned to the community by sharing software packages and a public dataset that can reproduce the results presented in this paper.

The Emergence of Risk and Return on Human Capital Development

Performance improvement has been the focus of both public and private sector organisations for decades, but the extent to which human capital and human capital resources play a central role, has come into sharp focus only in recent years. Human capital, whether it is enhanced through local or foreign direct investment, can be turned into a dynamic capability, optimising and continually transforming collective human skills, competencies and expertise to improve performance and competitive capability. However, to understand the true contribution of human capital to dynamic capabilities, managers and team leaders require the ability to measure and manage the results of human capital improvement or training. Yet, they hardly do, for various reasons. In this chapter, the risk and return on human capital is highlighted, as well as the successes and improved relations organisations and countries may enjoy from understanding, managing and reporting on this important building block to human capital development.

Magnetostratigraphy from the Hominin Sites Paleolakes Drilling Project (HSPDP) drill cores, low latitudes reorientation

<p>The Hominin Sites Paleolakes Drilling project (HSPDP) has collected around 2000 meters of drilled cores in lake sediment in Kenya and Ethiopia. All cores were drilled near important sites in human evolution with as main goal to help us better understand the influence of climate change on our evolutionary past.</p><p>An important first step in this research is building an age-model for these cores with magnetostratigraphy being important building block. However, building a magnetostratigraphy for the HSPDP cores is not straightforward. Due to the rotational movement of the coring process the azimuthal orientations of the cores is lost. This hinders the construction of magnetostratigraphy based of correctly orientated paleomagnetic samples. For high latitudes a high quality magnetostratigraphy can be reconstructed on the basis of the inclination of the paleomagnetic direction.</p><p>However, at low latitudes near the equator the inclination of the (paleo) magnetic field are near zero. As a result a magnetostratigraphy on the basis of inclination alone cannot be made.</p><p>In this presentation we discuss two methods that can be used to build a core based magnetostratigraphy at low latitudes. First, the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility (AMS) can be used in certain cases to reorientate the paleomagnetic samples by identifying the bedding of the sediments throughout the core.</p><p>Second, the present/recent low temperatures –low coercivity (LT/LC) overprint can be used to reorientate the paleomagnetic directions by orientating these LT/LC components towards the north and recalculate the paleomagnetic directions.</p><p>Both methods have been used on the ICDP Hominin Sites Paleolakes Drilling Project (HSPDP) cores taken in Ethiopia and Kenia with varied success. Here we will present data of four HSPDP cores as case study to help illustrate the effectiveness of these two methods for building a magnetostratigraphy for low latitude cores.</p>

International trends in grant and fellowship funding awarded to women in neurosurgery

OBJECTIVEMetric tracking of grant funding over time for academic neurosurgeons sorted by gender informs the current climate of career development internationally for women in neurosurgery.METHODSMultivariate linear trend analysis of grant funding awarded to neurosurgeons in the NIH and World Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Results (RePORTER) was performed. Traveling fellowships for international neurosurgery residents sponsored by the AANS and Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS) were also analyzed.RESULTSWithin the US, funding awarded to female neurosurgeons has remained static from 2009 to 2019 after adjusting for inflation and overall trends in NIH funding (β = −$0.3 million per year, p = 0.16). Internationally, female neurosurgeons represented 21.7% (n = 5) of project leads for World RePORTER grants. Traveling fellowships are also an important building block for young international female neurosurgeons, of which 7.4% (n = 2) of AANS international traveling fellowships and 19.4% (n = 7) of AANS/CNS pediatrics international traveling fellowships are women.CONCLUSIONSOver the past decade, funding has increased in neurosurgery without a concordant increase in funding awarded to women. Recognition of this trend is essential to focus efforts on research and career development opportunities for women in neurosurgery. Worldwide, female neurosurgeons head one-fifth of the funded project leads and constitute a minority of international traveling fellowships awarded by organized neurosurgery.

AN EXAMPLE OF DESIGN PLANNED TO BE CREATED IN ANKARA HACI BAYRAM VELI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ART AND DESIGN IN TERMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL PUBLISHING

Knowledge has been the most important building block for humanity. The information obtained by various methods has been transferred, stored and developed from person to person over time. The development of technology, and the methods of transferring and hiding information have also changed. The information that was originally written on clay tablets took the form of books and magazines with the discovery of the printing press. With the development of digital systems, the information was transferred to computer and mobile and experienced a transformation. In this research, digital publishing was taken as the source of the transfer of information. Publishing date is examined and today's publishing methods and tools are evaluated. DPS technology and its advantages, which have been developed recently, is a subject that this research emphasizes. In the light of the information obtained as a result of the research, Hacı Bayram Veli University Art and Design Faculty Art and Design Digital Journal sample was prepared and presented. Keywords: Digital publishing, DPS, academic journal

Femtosecond Laser Induced Spin Dynamics in Single Layer Graphene/CoFeB Thin Films

Graphene/Ferromagnet hybrid heterostructure is an important building block of spintronics due to unique ability of graphene to transport spin current over unprecedented distance and possible increase in its spin-orbit coupling...

2-Thiazolines: An update on synthetic methods and catalysis

2-Thiazoline is an important building block in organic synthesis and still having great importance in many areas of chemistry. At the end of the last century, the use of 2-thiazolines...