Effect of counselling on the family function of intimate partner violence victims attending antenatal clinic in a tertiary hospital in North Central Nigeria

Background and aim: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global problem. Family dysfunction is an integral characteristic of IPV homes. However, not much has been done regarding restoration of these families. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of counselling on the family function of pregnant IPV victims, with a view to recommending an appropriate interventional strategy.Methods: The study was a single-blinded randomised controlled trial of pregnant IPV victims. The Abuse Assessment Scale (AAS) was used to recruit 72 IPV victims who were randomised into the control and intervention arms of 36 each. Their sociodemographic data were collected. The family function of the victims was assessed using the SCORE-15 index of family function at the beginning the study. The intervention arm had three sessions of counselling lasting one to two hours fortnightly using the SOS DoC protocol. The family function was repeated post intervention. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20 and a p-value of 0.05 was considered significant.Results: The majority (82%) of the IPV victims had dysfunctional families. Baseline mean family function score across the groups showed no statistically significant difference. Post intervention, the mean family function score improved from 2.92 ± 0.92 to 2.16 ± 0.63 and this change was statistically significant (p 0.0001). In the control arm, the change from 2.48 ± 0.73 to 2.29 ± 0.82 was not statistically significant (p = 0.116). Conclusion: Short-term counselling significantly improved the family function of IPV victims.

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Relative risk of intimate partner violence according to access to instrumental social support among pregnant women in Eswatini whose partners do and do not drink alcohol

10.21203/rs.2.13852/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Rebecca Fielding-Miller ◽

Kathryn Barker ◽

Jennifer Wagman

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Relative Risk ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Antenatal Clinic ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Protective Role ◽

Community Context ◽

Computer Assisted

Abstract Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects 1 in 3 women around the world and is the 10th leading cause of death for women in the Africa region ages 15-29. Partner alcohol use, access to social support, and poverty all affect women’s likelihood of experiencing violence. We sought to understand how partner alcohol use differentially affected instrumental social support’s protective role against IPV for a clinic-based sample of women in the Kingdom of Eswatini (Swaziland).Methods We recruited 406 pregnant women from one rural and one urban antenatal clinic in Eswatini. Women used audio computer assisted self-interview software to answer a 45 minute behavioral survey with items on IPV, partner alcohol use, and likelihood that they could access small cash loans, large cash loans, or food loans from their social network. We then calculated the relative risk of experiencing IPV based on access to different forms of loans for the full sample and stratified by partner alcohol use.Results Confidence that she could access a fairly large loan (~$40) was associated with significantly decreased relative risk of IPV for all women. Confidence that she could access a fairly small loan (~$4) was associated with decreased relative risk of IPV for women whose partners did not drink but was insignificant for women whose partners did drink. Confidence that a friend or neighbor would lend her food was associated with decreased relative risk of IPV for women whose partners did drink.Conclusion Access to instrumental support (loans of food or money) is protective against IPV, but there are differential effects according to the type of loan and whether or not a woman’s partner drinks alcohol. Economic empowerment interventions to reduce IPV must be carefully tailored to ensure they are appropriate for a woman’s specific individual, relationship, and community context.

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Judges in the Protection Orders and Family Law Systems

Women, Intimate Partner Violence, and the Law ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190071783.003.0008 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 184-214

Author(s):

Heather Douglas

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Legal System ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Child Custody ◽

Family Law ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Family Courts ◽

Protection Orders ◽

The Family

This chapter explores women’s interactions with judges when they appeared before them in relation to protection orders and child custody orders after experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). Commonly women identified that judges prioritized physical violence and minimized other forms of abuse and that they seemed to align with abusers, discounting the women’s experiences of abuse. Women identified that judges often lacked preparation for hearings, rubber-stamped witness subpoenas, and failed to stop irrelevant witness examination. They explained how these approaches facilitated their partner’s misuse of the legal system as a tactic of abuse. Women also discussed how judges, especially in the family courts, prioritized fathers’ rights to contact with children over safety. However, women’s stories also demonstrated resistance to their abuser’s control over them through the courts, and their efforts to ensure the safety of their children regardless of court orders.

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Intimate partner violence and associated factors in an obstetric population in Jos, North-central Nigeria

Sahel Medical Journal ◽

10.4103/1118-8561.215031 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 49

Author(s):

StephenAjen Anzaku ◽

A. R. J. Shuaibu ◽

M Dankyau ◽

GA Chima

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

North Central ◽

Obstetric Population

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Family-Only Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/1524838018770410 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 367-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Joakim Petersson ◽

Susanne J. M. Strand

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Quality Criteria ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Literature Searches ◽

The Family ◽

The One

This article presents the first systematic review of family-only intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators (as originally proposed by Holtzworth-Munroe & Stuart). The aims of the present review were to summarize and describe the prevalence of the family-only perpetrator subtype, as well as to investigate what characteristics were associated with perpetrators within this subtype. Electronic literature searches in several databases (e.g., PsychINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed) were carried out. Of the 3,434 studies identified, 30 studies met the inclusion criteria as well as the methodological quality criteria. Thematic analyses were conducted, where several themes and subthemes were identified. The proportion of family-only perpetrators, averaged across sample types, was 47.5%. Drawing on the thematic analyses of the reviewed studies, family-only perpetrators presented as a less violent subtype, displaying several pro-social personality traits, as well as a lower degree of psychopathology. The findings were in line with Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart’s predictions. The findings also demonstrated the utility of a 2-fold typology, consisting of a family-only and a generally violent (GV) subtype, as well as the need to reconsider the one-size-fits-all approach to IPV treatment. We also included a discussion of the terminology of the subtypes and propose an adoption of the terms “partner only violent” and “generally violent” subtypes.

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Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling Analysis and Validity of the Family Needs Screener

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260519888517 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 088626051988851

Author(s):

Miranda P. Kaye ◽

Tara Saathoff-Wells ◽

Amanda M. Ferrara ◽

Nicole R. Morgan ◽

Daniel F. Perkins

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Child Maltreatment ◽

Family Violence ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Family Needs ◽

The Family

Assessment that accurately categorizes families’ risk for family violence (i.e., intimate partner violence and child maltreatment) and identifies areas of family need is essential for prevention program planning, practice, and resource allocation. The Family Needs Screener (FNS) assesses risk for intimate partner violence and child maltreatment. It is used as a tool to prioritize those who are in the greatest need of services as well as plan prevention efforts in selected prevention services offered to military families. To date, no peer-reviewed studies examine the factor structure of the FNS. In this study, we examined measurement aspects of the FNS as an assessment tool in identifying risk of family violence. Data were drawn from Army families ( N = 18,159) who were screened between 2009 and 2013 and matched to substantiated cases of family violence. Exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) was used to examine the factor structure, measurement invariance, and predictive validity of the FNS. Results supported a shortened measure with a five-factor structure and full gender invariance. In particular, relationship issues were predictive of both intimate partner violence and child maltreatment. In addition, family of origin/history of family violence was predictive of substantiated cases of child maltreatment. Findings support the use of the FNS to assess risk, allocate, and plan for services in an Army population. Implications for scale modifications and use, as well as prevention efforts, are discussed.

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Verbal Marital Conflict and Male Domination in the Family as Risk Factors of Intimate Partner Violence

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/1524838008331193 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 171-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Carmen Vives-Cases ◽

Diana Gil-González ◽

Mercedes Carrasco-Portiño

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Marital Conflict ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Male Domination ◽

The Family

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The Relationship between Intimate Partner Violence and Postpartum Depression in a North-Central State of Nigeria

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp.95 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 77-81

Author(s):

I Tor-Anyiin ◽

T J Igbudu ◽

S Tor-Agbidye

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Postpartum Depression ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Central State ◽

The Family ◽

The Relationship

Postpartum depression affects 10-15% of women in the immediate post delivery period. It has adverse effects on the family and her members. There are trigger factors that contribute to the development of depression among mothers. These factors; when identified and addressed, present an opportunity in reducing the prevalence of postpartum depression and its adverse effects on the family. Hence, the objective of the study was to study the relationship between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and Postpartum Depression (PPD) among women in Federal Medical Centre Makurdi. This was a cross-sectional study of mothers who presented with their children at the immunization clinic. Three hundred and thirty postpartum women were selected by a systematic random sampling technique. PPD and IPV were assessed using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale and the HITS (Hit, Insult, Threaten and Scream) scale respectively. The results showed that the mean age of participants was 28±5years. The prevalence of PPD was 27.6% while that of IPV was 22.4%. A statistically significant relationship was demonstrated between IPV and PPD (χ2 = 143.15, p < 0.0001). The prevalence of PPD and IPV were high, affecting approximately a quarter of postpartum women in Makurdi. IPV contributes to the development of PPD (OR=35.35, CI=17.39-71.87). Hence the need for screening of these conditions by physicians. Appropriate prevention modalities against IPV could curb postpartum depression and its effects on the family.

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De conflictscheiding als complexe gezinsproblematiek : Waarom screening op huiselijk geweld essentieel is1

Pedagogiek ◽

10.5117/ped2020.2.004.deru ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 205-231

Author(s):

Corine de Ruiter ◽

Marilien Marzolla ◽

Niki Ramakers

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Child Protection ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Family Court ◽

High Conflict ◽

The Family ◽

High Conflict Divorce ◽

Screening Interview

Abstract High Conflict Divorce as a Complex Family Problem: Why Domestic Violence Screening is EssentialHigh Conflict Divorce form 20% of separations that involve children. These parents continue to litigate child custody and parenting arrangements, and accuse each other of child abuse, intimate partner violence, and mental health problems. The children suffer because of longstanding animosity. In this contribution, we report on a pilot study among 102 parents in a high conflict divorce, assessed at the Child Protection Council, Safe Home, or a child welfare service. The MASIC, a structured screening interview for intimate partner violence (IPV), was administered to each parent separately. Results revealed that the prevalence of different types of IPV was extremely high in our sample, and the violence kept occurring after the divorce, albeit somewhat less frequently. Our findings largely concur with international research in this area. In particular, the presence of coercive controlling violence perpetrated by one of the ex-partners, should prompt the professional to conduct further evaluation of parental and child safety. The type of IPV that emerges from the MASIC screening has implications for the advice to the parents and the family court.

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Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in the Arab Countries: A Systematic Review of Risk Factors

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/1524838020953099 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 152483802095309

Author(s):

Amera Mojahed ◽

Nada Alaidarous ◽

Hanade Shabta ◽

Janice Hegewald ◽

Susan Garthus-Niegel

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Well Being ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Arab Countries ◽

The Family

Intimate partner violence (IPV) profoundly damages physical, sexual, reproductive, and psychological health, as well as social well-being of individuals and families. We sought in this systematic review to examine the risk factors according to the integrative ecological theoretical framework for IPV for women living in the Arab countries. We searched Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, and SCOPUS, supplemented by hand searching of reference lists. A research strategy was developed and observational studies were included if they considered female participants (age ≥13) in heterosexual relationships, estimates of potential risk factors of IPV, and IPV as a primary outcome. We conducted a narrative synthesis of the risk factors data from 30 cross-sectional studies. Factors associated with increased IPV against women were extracted and categorized into four levels according to the updated integrative ecological model. At the individual level, risk factors were either related to victims or perpetrators of IPV. Factors relating to marriage, conflict within the family, etc., were explored and included within the family level, whereas factors relating to the extended family and the nature of marriage were included in the community level. Finally, risk factors relating to the cultural context that are influenced by the political and religious backgrounds were included in the societal level. The complex structure of violence against women in the Arab world calls for socioculturally sensitive interventions, which should be accompanied by systematic and structured work aimed at improving Arab women’s status at all levels.

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