Octreotide activates autophagy to alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced human pulmonary epithelial cell injury by inhibiting the protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway

Gambogic acid (GA) is a natural compound with a polyprenylated xanthone structure that has antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties and acts as a chemopreventive agent. GA exhibits anti-tumor, antimicrobial, and anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells. In the current study, the effect of GA on phosphoinositide kinase-3 (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway was examined in human U251 glioma cells. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT and Annexin V/PI Double Staining. The expressions of P38, AKT, and mTOR were evaluated by western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively. MagBeads Total RNA Extraction Kit was used to isolate cell tissue RNA. GA decreased the phosphorylation of P38, AKT, and mTOR. Inhibitors of PI3K (LY294002) enhanced the phosphorylation of P38, AKT, and mTOR. GA reduced the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein precursors (Pre) and upstream binding factor (UBF), and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) further enhanced the cell proliferation and expression of Pre and UBF. These results suggested that downregulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway may be an important mediator in GA-affected ribosomal occurrence in glioma cells.

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Effects of aerobic exercise training on the protein kinase B (PKB)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in aged skeletal muscle

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2003.12.005 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 379-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Thomas H Reynolds ◽

Pamela Reid ◽

Lisa M Larkin ◽

Donald R Dengel

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Protein Kinase ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Protein Kinase B ◽

Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽

Mtor Signaling ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Mtor Signaling Pathway

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Ursolic Acid Attenuates High Glucose-Mediated Mesangial Cell Injury by Inhibiting the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) Signaling Pathway

Medical Science Monitor ◽

10.12659/msm.907814 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 846-854 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Er-Min Wang ◽

Qiu-Ling Fan ◽

Yuan Yue ◽

Li Xu

Keyword(s):

Signaling Pathway ◽

Ursolic Acid ◽

High Glucose ◽

Cell Injury ◽

Mesangial Cell ◽

Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽

Mtor Signaling ◽

Target Of Rapamycin ◽

Mtor Signaling Pathway ◽

Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase

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Targeting mammalian target of rapamycin: prospects for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867327666200504081503 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

Author(s):

Naser-Aldin Lashgari ◽

Nazanin Momeni Roudsari ◽

Saeideh Momtaz ◽

Negar Ghanaatian ◽

Parichehr Kohansal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signaling Pathway ◽

Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽

Mtor Pathway ◽

Mtor Signaling ◽

Target Of Rapamycin ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Mtor Signaling Pathway ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a general term for a group of chronic and progressive disorders. Several cellular and biomolecular pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, yet the etiology is unclear. Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in the intestinal epithelial cells was also shown to induce inflammation. This review focuses on the inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway and its potential application in treating IBD. We also provide an overview on plant-derived compounds that are beneficial for the IBD management through modulation of the mTOR pathway. Data were extracted from clinical, in vitro and in vivo studies published in English between 1995 and May 2019, which were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Cochrane library databases. Results of various studies implied that inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway downregulates the inflammatory processes and cytokines involved in IBD. In this context, a number of natural products might reverse the pathological features of the disease. Furthermore, mTOR provides a novel drug target for IBD. Comprehensive clinical studies are required to confirm the efficacy of mTOR inhibitors in treating IBD.

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