black raspberries
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2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athena Dong ◽  
Jianhua Yu ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Li-Shu Wang

One of the most prominent concerns that has arisen from global events such as the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is how the immune system might be enhanced to provide greater protection against malignant conditions and diseases. Dietary modification is one of the major fields of research, with special focus on how diet interacts with immunity through impacts on factors such as the gut microbiome, inflammation, and nutritional imbalance. This review focuses on current research regarding the use of bioactives derived from berries as a dietary supplement to improve immunity, with discussions of relevant clinical studies. Major bioactive, metabolic compounds of focus- flavonoids, anthocyanins, alkaloids, dietary fiber, and stilbenes- have demonstrated biochemical merits in modulating immunity. In addition, blueberries, goji berries, black raspberries, and cranberries, which have been extensively researched and recently gained interest for their effects on the immune system in animal and cell models, may also hold promise in providing similar benefits to humans, though the precise immunological effects have yet to be clearly determined. Overall, the field of berry research as it relates to diet and immunity shows potential, but more clinical studies will be necessary for a full understanding of the mechanisms of berry immunomodulation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-328
Author(s):  
Athena Dong ◽  
Yi‐Wen Huang ◽  
Martha Yearsley ◽  
Kiyoko Oshima ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Wen Huang ◽  
Chien-Wei Lin ◽  
Pan Pan ◽  
Tianjiao Shan ◽  
Carla Elena Echeveste ◽  
...  

Innate immune cells in the tumor microenvironment have been proposed to control the transition from benign to malignant stages. In many cancers, increased infiltration of natural killer (NK) cells associates with good prognosis. Although the mechanisms that enable NK cells to restrain colorectal cancer (CRC) are unclear, the current study suggests the involvement of Smad4. We found suppressed Smad4 expression in circulating NK cells of untreated metastatic CRC patients. Moreover, NK cell-specific Smad4 deletion promoted colon adenomas in DSS-treated ApcMin/+ mice and adenocarcinomas in AOM/DSS-treated mice. Other studies have shown that Smad4 loss or weak expression in colonic epithelium associates with poor survival in CRC patients. Therefore, targeting Smad4 in both colonic epithelium and NK cells could provide an excellent opportunity to manage CRC. Toward this end, we showed that dietary intervention with black raspberries (BRBs) increased Smad4 expression in colonic epithelium in patients with FAP or CRC and in the two CRC mouse models. Also, benzoate metabolites of BRBs, such as hippurate, upregulated Smad4 and Gzmb expression that might enhance the cytotoxicity of primary human NK cells. Of note, increased levels of hippurate is a metabolomic marker of a healthy gut microbiota in humans, and hippurate also has antitumor effects. In conclusion, our study suggests a new mechanism for the action of benzoate metabolites derived from plant-based foods. This mechanism could be exploited clinically to upregulate Smad4 in colonic epithelium and NK cells, thereby delaying CRC progression.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi‐Wen Huang ◽  
Yue Yang Mo ◽  
Carla Elena Echeveste ◽  
Kiyoko Oshima ◽  
Jianying Zhang ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi‐Wen Huang ◽  
Pan Pan ◽  
Carla Elena Echeveste ◽  
Hsin‐Tzu Wang ◽  
Kiyoko Oshima ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
Yi-Wen Huang ◽  
Carla Elena Echeveste ◽  
Kiyoko Oshima ◽  
Jianying Zhang ◽  
Martha Yearsley ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie May ◽  
Grace McDermott ◽  
Julian R. Marchesi ◽  
Lee Parry

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Pan ◽  
Zheng Zhu ◽  
Kiyoko Oshima ◽  
Mohammed Aldakkak ◽  
Susan Tsai ◽  
...  

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