With increasing knowledge about diseases at the histological, cytological to sub-organelle level, targeting organelle therapy has gradually been envisioned as an approach to overcome the shortcomings of poor specificity and multiple toxic side effects on tissues and cell-level treatments
using the currently available therapy. Organelle carbon dots (CDs) are a class of functionalized CDs that can target organelles. CDs can be prepared by a “synchronous in situ synthesis method” and “asynchronous modification method.” The superior optical properties
and good biocompatibility of CDs can be preserved, and they can be used as targeting particles to carry drugs into cells while reducing leakage during transport. Given the excellent organelle fluorescence imaging properties, targeting organelle CDs can be used to monitor the physiological
metabolism of organelles and progression of human diseases, which will provide advanced understanding and accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment of cancers. This study reviews the methods used for preparation of targeting organelle CDs, mechanisms of accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment
of cancer, as well as their application in the area of cancer diagnosis and treatment research. Finally, the current difficulties and prospects for targeting organelle CDs are prospected.
Research progress of novel inorganic nanometre materials carriers in nanomedicine for cancer diagnosis and treatment
