Prediction, diagnosis, prevention and treatment: genetic-led care of patients with diabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Watip Tangjittipokin ◽  
Nutsakol Borrisut ◽  
Patcharapong Rujirawan
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

scholarly journals VITAMINS. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

2017 ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
S. V. Podachina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Hyperglycemia is a major cause of complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Since the optimal level of glycemic control is achieved only in a small number of patients with diabetes mellitus, additional methods of prevention and treatment of complications are strongly recommended. The focus of healthcare specialists is increasing on substances that can affect intracellular pathological processes associated with hyperglycemia. Such drugs or agents include certain vitamins and minerals.

scholarly journals Prevention and treatment of diabetic microangiopathy: A lecture

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
A. K. Dreval
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Diabetic Microangiopathy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease ◽  
Diabetic Macroangiopathy ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

One of the main complications leading to high disability and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus is atherosclerotic vascular disease (diabetic macroangiopathy). At the same time, the frequency of atherosclerosis among patients with diabetes mellitus is significantly affected by the so-called risk factors for atherosclerosis. In particular, the incidence of atherosclerosis among the general population and among diabetics increases with increased levels of cholesterol (cholesterol) in the blood, blood pressure, smoking and obesity. However, in patients with diabetes mellitus, mortality, for example, from coronary heart disease increases by 3 times against any of the known risk factors. But even without risk factors, the frequency of atherosclerotic vascular damage in patients with diabetes is much higher than in non-diabetic patients, i.e. diabetes in itself is a risk factor for atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Diabetes and COVID-19 risk: an miRNA perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (3) ◽  
pp. H604-H609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paras K. Mishra ◽  
Ritesh Tandon ◽  
Siddappa N. Byrareddy
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Diabetes Outcomes ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Respiratory Coronavirus

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and diabetes outcomes (CORONADO) trial revealed that 10.6% of patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalized for COVID-19 (COVID-19) die within 7 days. Several studies from New York, Italy, and China confirm that patients with diabetes are at a much higher risk for mortality due to COVID-19. Besides respiratory illness, COVID-19 increases cardiac injury and diabetic ketoacidosis. In the absence of specific guidelines for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 for patients with diabetes, they remain at higher risk and are more susceptible to COVID-19. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of basic knowledge on how diabetes affects pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In patients with diabetes, impaired glucose use alters metabolic and consequently biological processes instigating pathological remodeling, which has detrimental effects on cardiovascular systems. A majority of biological processes are regulated by noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs), which have emerged as a promising therapeutic candidate for several diseases. In consideration of the higher risk of mortality in patients with diabetes and COVID-19, novel diagnostic test and treatment strategy are urgently warranted in post-COVID-19 era. Here, we describe potential roles of miRNA as a biomarker and therapeutic candidate, especially for heart failure, in patients with diabetes and COVID-19.

scholarly journals Advanced Glycation End Products: Potential Mechanism and Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular Complications under Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Yang ◽  
Jian Feng ◽  
Qing Peng ◽  
Xing Liu ◽  
Zhongcai Fan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
The Relationship

The occurrence and development of cardiovascular complications are predominantly responsible for the increased morbidity and mortality observed in patients with diabetes. Oxidative stress under hyperglycemia is currently considered the initial link to diabetic cardiovascular complications and a key node for the prevention and treatment of diabetes-related fatal cardiovascular events. Numerous studies have indicated that the common upstream pathway in the context of oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system under diabetic conditions is the interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with their receptors (RAGEs). Therefore, a further understanding of the relationship between oxidative stress and AGEs is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes. In this review, we will briefly summarize the recent research advances in diabetes with an emphasis on oxidative stress and its association with AGEs in diabetic cardiovascular complications.

Metformin and Colorectal Cancer – A Systematic Review.

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (07) ◽  
pp. 445-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarek Kobiela ◽  
Małgorzata Dobrzycka ◽  
Piotr Jędrusik ◽  
Paulina Kobiela ◽  
Piotr Spychalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Potential Applications

Abstract Objectives Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The development of preventive strategies in CRC has been the subject of much research. Multiple studies have shown an association between diabetes and CRC. In addition to its glucose-lowering properties, metformin might have an additional role in the prevention and treatment of CRC. Our objective was to summarize findings on role of metformin in colorectal cancer. Methods We conducted a systematic review of the PubMed and Cochrane databases from January 2005 to December 2017 in search for studies on the association between metformin and CRC. Results Of the total of 189 studies identified by the search, we excluded 123 studies and reviewed the remaining 66 studies on cell lines, animals, patients with diabetes, and healthy subjects. In vitro and animal studies have shown a protective effect of metformin use on the incidence of CRC and amplification of the therapeutic effects of CRC chemotherapy. Studies on patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin analyzed data on total of 146 496 patients. The results of those studies on the role of metformin in CRC suggest risk reduction and potential applications within therapeutic regimens, although some of those are conflicting. Conclusion Further studies are warranted to define the role of metformin in both prevention and treatment of CRC.

scholarly journals Current Guidelines for the Treatment of Arterial Hypertension in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-331
Author(s):  
T. Yu. Demidova ◽  
O. A. Kislyak
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor Blocker ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

The current understanding of the management of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) based on the concept of the cardiovascular continuum involves not only the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but also the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The fact is that patients with DM and CKD represent a special group of patients with a very high risk of CVD and cardiovascular mortality. Such patients require early diagnosis and timely identification of risk factors for the development and progression of CKD for their adequate correction. Arterial hypertension, along with hyperglycemia, is the main risk factor for the development and progression of CKD in patients with diabetes. In this regard, the choice of antihypertensive therapy (AHT) in patients with diabetes is of particular importance. The basis of AHT in diabetes and CKD is the combination of a blocker of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor [ACE inhibitor] or an angiotensin II receptor blocker [ARB]) and a calcium channel blocker (CCB) or a thiazide / thiazide-like diuretic. The task of the performed AHT is to achieve the target level of blood pressure (BP). At the same time, the optimal blood pressure values in patients with diabetes and CKD are blood pressure values in the range of 130-139/70-79 mm Hg. If the target blood pressure is not achieved, it is necessary to intensify antihypertensive therapy by adding a third antihypertensive drug to the therapy: CCB or a diuretic (thiazide / thiazide-like or loop). In case of resistant hypertension, it is necessary to consider the possibility of adding antagonists of mineralocorticoid receptors, other diuretics or alpha-blockers to the conducted AHT. Beta-blockers can be added at any stage of therapy if the patient has exertional angina, a history of myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, and chronic heart failure. The need to normalize blood pressure parameters by prescribing combined antihypertensive therapy in patients with diabetes and CKD is explained by a decrease in renal and cardiovascular risks, and, therefore, a decrease in the risk of mortality in this cohort of patients.

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