scholarly journals Identification of soluble Fc receptors in mouse serum and the conditioned medium of stimulated B cells.

1984 ◽  
Vol 160 (6) ◽  
pp. 1836-1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Pure ◽  
C J Durie ◽  
C K Summerill ◽  
J C Unkeless
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Normal Mouse ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Germ Free ◽  
Murine Spleen ◽  
Soluble Molecule ◽  
Lps Activation

We have evaluated the expression of surface Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine spleen cells, the release of soluble Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R by activated spleen cells, and the presence of circulating Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R in mouse serum. LPS activation of murine spleen cells and a cloned B cell line, BCL-1 CW 13.20-3B3, resulted in a 5-10-fold increase in surface Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R and the concominant appearance in the culture medium of a soluble molecule that is antigenically related to the Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R. The increase in cell-associated and soluble Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R after LPS activation is attributable primarily to B cells. Circulating Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R was also detected in normal mouse serum at a concentration of 10(-9) to 10(-8) M. Levels of circulating Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R increase with the age of the animals, and were low in adult germ-free mice and elevated in young mice with certain autoimmune diseases. The circulating Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R bound to IgG-Sepharose, and was partially purified by affinity chromatography on 2.4G2 Fab-Sepharose. After radiolabeling and immunoprecipitation with rabbit anti-Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R serum, one component of Mr 48,000, was detected.

scholarly journals The requirement for adherent cells in the Fc fragment-induced proliferative response of murine spleen cells.

1979 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
E L Morgan ◽  
W O Weigle
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Proliferative Response ◽  
Adherent Cell ◽  
Adherent Cells ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Murine Spleen

The proliferative response of mouse B lymphocytes induced by Fc fragments was found to be dependent upon an adherent cell population. The adherent cell is esterase positive, irradiation resistant, and not susceptible to lysis by anti-thymus serum and complement. The mechanism(s) by which Fc fragments induce B-cell proliferation could be the result of the interaction of Fc with both B cells and adherent cells or with adherent cells which then release factors that trigger the B cells to proliferate. Spleen cells from the C3H/HeJ mouse were shown to be unable to respond to Fc fragments. The addition of adherent cells from either C3H/St or C3H/HeN mice to adherent cell depleted C3H/HeJ cells enabled them to respond to Fc, indicating the defect was in the adherent cell population.

scholarly journals The "Ly-1 B" cell subpopulation in normal immunodefective, and autoimmune mice.

1983 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Hayakawa ◽  
R R Hardy ◽  
D R Parks ◽  
L A Herzenberg
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Normal Mouse ◽  
Cell Subpopulation ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Cell Surface Molecules ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Surface Molecules ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Small Subpopulation

A small subpopulation of normal murine splenic B cells carrying all of the classic B cells markers (IgM, IgD, Ia, and ThB) also carries Ly-1, one of the major T cell surface molecules. This "Ly-1 B" subpopulation (identified and characterized by multiparameter FACS analyses) consists of relatively large, high IgM/low-IgD/low-Ly-1 lymphocytes that represent approximately 2% of the spleen cells in normal animals and, generally, 5-10% of spleen cells in NZB mice. Ly-1 B are clearly detectable in all normal mouse strains tested as well as NZB, CBA/N, other X-id mice and nude (nu/nu) mice. They are found primarily in the spleen; are either absent or very poorly represented in lymph node, bone marrow, and thymus; appear early during ontogeny, and comprise about a third of the small number of lymphocytes present in 5-d-old mice. NZB and (NZB x NZW)F1 mice have more Ly-1 B than all other strains and, furthermore, have a unique Ly-1 B population that secretes IgM when cultured under usual conditions in the absence of added antigen. The IgM secretion by these Ly-1 B cells accounts for the previously reported "spontaneous" IgM secretion by NZB spleen cells in culture. Studies with FACS-sorted cells show that the presence of Ly-1 on these IgM-secreting cells distinguishes them from the (Ly-1 negative) IgM-secreting "direct" plaque-forming cells generated in NZB mice after stimulation with sheep erythrocytes.

scholarly journals Enhanced repopulation of murine hematopoietic organs in sublethally irradiated mice after treatment with ciprofloxacin

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1685-1691
Author(s):  
Y Kletter ◽  
I Riklis ◽  
I Shalit ◽  
I Fabian
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Murine Spleen ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Csf Production

We analyzed the effect of ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin, and ceftazidime on production of colony-stimulating factors (CSF) by cultured murine spleen cells in the presence of pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Ciprofloxacin at concentrations of 5 to 10 micrograms/mL in concert with PWM stimulated CSF production by cultured spleen cells. A 3.5-fold increase in the number of CFU-C was observed in the presence of ciprofloxacin- PWM spleen conditioned medium (SCM) as compared with control cultures exposed to PWM-SCM only. Antimurine GM-CSF and antimurine interleukin-3 (IL-3) antibodies inhibited colony formation stimulated by PWM-SCM or ciprofloxacin-PWM-SCM. Fleroxacin and ceftazidime at concentrations of 1 to 100 micrograms/mL and ciprofloxacin at high concentration (greater than 10 micrograms/mL) either did not affect CSF production by spleen cells or had an inhibitory effect. In vivo treatment of sublethally irradiated (650 rad) mice with ciprofloxacin (15 mg/kg per dose three times daily for 5 days) resulted in an increased number of myeloid progenitors in the spleen and bone marrow (BM) of treated mice. In contrast, treatment with ceftazidime did not affect progenitor cell numbers. On days 4 and 8 postirradiation ciprofloxacin-treated mice had a 2.3- and 3.8-fold increase, respectively, in the number of CFU-C in the BM. The number of CFU-C in the spleen did not increase on day 4 postirradiation, but on day 8, the number increased 1.7-fold. On day 4 postirradiation, sublethally irradiated mice treated with ciprofloxacin had a higher WBC count, RBC count, and hemoglobin level as compared with ceftazidime- and saline-treated mice. Twenty-four days postirradiation, 45% of saline-treated mice (20 of 44), and 35% of ceftazidime-treated mice (8 of 23) died, as compared with 13% (5 of 38) of ciprofloxacin-treated mice (P less than .05). These studies indicate that ciprofloxacin may have an immune-enhancing effect on the hematopoietic system in neutropenic mice.

Immunological adjuvants. I. The induction of soluble factor(s) by Freund's complete adjuvant

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Orr ◽  
F. Paraskevas
Keyword(s):  
Normal Mouse ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
Soluble Antigen ◽  
Soluble Factor ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Normal Mouse Serum ◽  
Freund’S Complete Adjuvant ◽  
Freund's Complete Adjuvant ◽  
Subsequent Addition

Serum collected from BALB/c mice 6 h after the intraperitoneal injection of Freund's complete adjuvant when mixed with a soluble antigen such as bovine serum albumin or human fibrinogen forms a cytophilic Ig which is taken up by the normal mouse spleen cells. When the serum was absorbed with an aggregated form of antigen, subsequent addition of soluble antigen failed to induce formation of cytophilic Ig, but an eluate recovered from the aggregated antigen did.This property of the serum is most likely non-specific since any antigen thus far tested is effective in inducing formation of cytophilic Ig and furthermore, absorption with one kind of antigen abolished the ability of the serum to form cytophilic Ig upon subsequent addition of any other antigen. Upon fractionation of the serum on Sephadex G-200 the activity was recovered in the 7-S fraction. However, the 4-S fraction (which lacks Ig) contained a factor which in the presence of antigen and normal mouse serum or its 7-S fraction formed a cytophilic Ig. The existing evidence indicated that the cytophilic Ig was taken up by 25 to 35% of the T cells (θ positive). Furthermore, about 15% of Ig carrying cells also took up the cytophilic Ig.The cytophilic Ig belongs to the IgG (IgG2a) class and presumptive evidence suggested that it may represent a complex of Ig and antigen.

scholarly journals In vitro tolerance induction of primed, IgD-negative murine spleen cells.

1981 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 653-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Walker ◽  
W O Weigle
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin ◽  
Immunological Tolerance ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Murine Spleen ◽  
In Vitro Response

The above observations demonstrated induction of immunological tolerance in vitro in primed IgD-, IgG+ B cells. In these studies, addition of trinitrophenylated (TNP) turkey gammaglobulin (TGG) or TNP ovalbumin conjugates suppressed the secondary in vitro response in mice primed with TNP keyhole limpet hemocyanin (TNP-KLH). Suppression was not a reflection of a shift in kinetics of the antibody response, was not dependent on suppressor T cells, and could only be eliciate when conjugate was added within 4 h of addition of TNP-KLH moreover, preincubation of the primed spleen cells with TNP-TGG for 20 h at 37 degrees C, followed by extensive washing, was as effective in inhibiting the response to TNP-KLH as when TNP-TGG was present throughout the 5 d of culture, reflecting induction of a tolerant state. Amounts of conjugate in the concentration range that have been shown by others to tolerize immature or neonatal B cells or mature B cells that have been stripped of surface IgD were sufficient to induce tolerance. The target cells being tolerized did not bear IgD, as determined by B cell depletion and blocking procedures with anti IgD. Whether the lack of surface IgD on the primed cells contributed to the relative ease of tolerance induction was not established by these studies, but the advantages of using primed B cells to examine further the role of surface IgD in tolerance susceptibility was discussed.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of natural killer cells in the mouse.

1981 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Lust ◽  
V Kumar ◽  
R C Burton ◽  
S P Bartlett ◽  
M Bennett
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Murine Spleen ◽  
Total Body

Mice were treated with the bone-seeking isotope, 89Sr, cyclophosphamide, and short-term lethal irradiation in vivo, and murine spleen cells are treated with anti-Nk-1.2 plus complement (C) in vitro. Fresh spleen cell suspensions from the above groups and from beige and neonatal mice were subsequently tested for natural killer (NK) cell activity against a panel of lymphoid and nonlymphoid tumor cell target. NK cell reactivities against YAC-1, MPC-11, and Cl.18 tumors were markedly and consistently reduced in (a) mice treated with 89Sr, (b) spleen cells treated with anti-Nk-1.2 plus C, and (c) C57BL/6 bg/bg mice. In contrast, NK activities against FLD-3 and WEHI-164.1 tumors were usually normal in mice treated with 89Sr, in beige mutant mice, and in spleen cells after treatment with anti-Nk-1.2 antibody and C. It appears, therefore, that two major groups of NK cells exist in fresh mouse spleen cells suspensions. NK-A cells are marrow dependent, Nk antigen positive, and deficient in beige mice; these lyse YAC-1, MPC-11, and Cl.18 tumors. NK-B cells, which are responsible for the lysis of WEHI-164.1 and FLD-3, are Nk antigen negative, marrow independent, and unaffected by the bg/bg mutation. Other features of NK-B cells, suggest that these NK cells, although they share the characteristics mentioned above, differ among themselves especially with respect to age of maturation and susceptibility to cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation. The NK-B group may therefore induce subsets that remain to be defined.

Mitogenic activity of staphylococcal exfoliative toxin

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-384
Author(s):  
B A Morlock ◽  
L Spero ◽  
A D Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
B Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Nude Mice ◽  
Mitogenic Activity ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Exfoliative Toxin ◽  
Murine Spleen ◽  
Simple Sugar

Exfoliative toxin from Staphylococcus aureus was mitogenic for murine spleen cells. It was primarily active on T lymphocytes but also significantly stimulated B cells from the spleens of nude mice. The mitogenicity was not affected by simple sugar or alpha-methylpyranosides. N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine inhibited its effect. Exfoliatin was as powerful a mitogen as the enterotoxins of S. aureus. Some significant differences between the mitogenic activity of the two toxins were demonstrated.

scholarly journals THYMUS-DERIVED (T) CELL IMMUNOGLOBULINS

1972 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. 1323-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard M. Grey ◽  
Ralph T. Kubo ◽  
Jean-Charles Cerottini
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Receptor Site ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
Similar Increase ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Tumor Line ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Thymus Cells

Quantitation of surface and total cell Ig obtained after lysis by detergent, urea-acid treatment, and freeze-thawing were determined on spleen cells, thymus cells, and spleen cells specifically depleted of B cells. A two- to four-fold increase in measurable Ig was found after cell lysis. All cell populations showed a similar increase in measurable Ig indicating that no discordantly large amounts of buried Ig determinants were associated with the surface of T cells. The lack of appreciable amounts of T cell Ig was confirmed by immunoprecipitation of radioiodinated cells. A theta-positive lymphoma was described which, when grown in culture, lacked detectable surface Ig but contained a receptor site for IgG. This resulted in appreciable amounts of surface IgG being associated with the tumor line when isolated from ascitic fluid of tumor-bearing mice or after preincubation of cultured cells with either heat-aggregated IgG or normal mouse serum.

scholarly journals Absolute frequencies of lipopolysaccharide-reactive B cells producing A5A idiotype in unprimed, streptococcal A carbohydrate-primed, anti-A5A idiotype-sensitized and anti-A5A idiotype-suppressed A/J mice.

1977 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 1436-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Eichmann ◽  
A Coutinho ◽  
F Melchers
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Antigen Specificity ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Cell Precursor

The absolute frequencies of B cells-producing A5A idiotype have been determined in vitro by limiting dilution analysis in a culture system in which every LPS-reactive B cell grows into a clone of IgM-secreting cells. Spleen cells from normal A/J mice contain 1 A5A-idiotype-producing B-cell precursor in 2.5 X 10(3) LPS-reactive B cells. Approximately a 10-20-fold increase in frequencies of precursor cells from antigen priming with Strep A-CHO (1 in 2.8 X 10(2)) or from sensitization with IgG1 anti-A5A idiotype (1 in 1.3 X 10(2)). Injection of IgG2 anti-A5A idiotype which has been shown to suppress A5A idiotype in vivo results in only a marginal and maybe insignificant decrease in precursor frequencies (1 in 6.7 X 10(3)). On the other hand, priming does not result in a detectable qualitative difference in the specific precursor cells, since each clone of B cells secretes 30 ng of A5A-bearing Ig within 8 days of culture, regardless of being unprimed or primed. Nearly half of all A5A idiotype-producing clones, both from unprimed as well as from primed mice, show antigen specificity in binding A-CHO. Priming by antigen, therefore, also results in a 10-fold increase in the frequency of idiotype positive B cells without antigen specificity. This result is a prediction of the network hypothesis.

scholarly journals Enhanced repopulation of murine hematopoietic organs in sublethally irradiated mice after treatment with ciprofloxacin

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1685-1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Kletter ◽  
I Riklis ◽  
I Shalit ◽  
I Fabian
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Murine Spleen ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Csf Production

Abstract We analyzed the effect of ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin, and ceftazidime on production of colony-stimulating factors (CSF) by cultured murine spleen cells in the presence of pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Ciprofloxacin at concentrations of 5 to 10 micrograms/mL in concert with PWM stimulated CSF production by cultured spleen cells. A 3.5-fold increase in the number of CFU-C was observed in the presence of ciprofloxacin- PWM spleen conditioned medium (SCM) as compared with control cultures exposed to PWM-SCM only. Antimurine GM-CSF and antimurine interleukin-3 (IL-3) antibodies inhibited colony formation stimulated by PWM-SCM or ciprofloxacin-PWM-SCM. Fleroxacin and ceftazidime at concentrations of 1 to 100 micrograms/mL and ciprofloxacin at high concentration (greater than 10 micrograms/mL) either did not affect CSF production by spleen cells or had an inhibitory effect. In vivo treatment of sublethally irradiated (650 rad) mice with ciprofloxacin (15 mg/kg per dose three times daily for 5 days) resulted in an increased number of myeloid progenitors in the spleen and bone marrow (BM) of treated mice. In contrast, treatment with ceftazidime did not affect progenitor cell numbers. On days 4 and 8 postirradiation ciprofloxacin-treated mice had a 2.3- and 3.8-fold increase, respectively, in the number of CFU-C in the BM. The number of CFU-C in the spleen did not increase on day 4 postirradiation, but on day 8, the number increased 1.7-fold. On day 4 postirradiation, sublethally irradiated mice treated with ciprofloxacin had a higher WBC count, RBC count, and hemoglobin level as compared with ceftazidime- and saline-treated mice. Twenty-four days postirradiation, 45% of saline-treated mice (20 of 44), and 35% of ceftazidime-treated mice (8 of 23) died, as compared with 13% (5 of 38) of ciprofloxacin-treated mice (P less than .05). These studies indicate that ciprofloxacin may have an immune-enhancing effect on the hematopoietic system in neutropenic mice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document