scholarly journals NITROGEN, POTASSIUM, SODIUM, AND CHLORINE METABOLISM IN RICKETS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BILIARY FISTULA RICKETS IN PUPPIES

1936 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-483
Author(s):  
Walter Heymann
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Biliary Fistula ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Bladder Fistula ◽  
Chlorine Metabolism ◽  
Calcium And Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Absorption Theory

1. Rickets developed in three puppies deprived of vitamin D and sunlight since birth, in which, at the age of 6 to 7 weeks gall bladder fistula was established. The results of studies of their bones and of the calcium and phosphate metabolism have previously been published (2). Studies on the nitrogen, potassium, sodium, and chlorine metabolism, here presented, reveal that the metabolism was greatly interfered with as compared with that in three controls without gall bladder fistula rickets. This interference, together with an inhibited gain in weight, demonstrates that the pathogenesis of biliary, fistula rickets in puppies has to be considered distinctly different from infantile rickets as well as from rickets produced in rats. 2. The nitrogen, potassium, sodium, and chlorine metabolism was also studied in three rachitic and four healthy infants, and in eleven rachitic and six control rats. The balance of these substances, as well as their distribution in stool and urine, proved to be the same whether or not rickets was present. 3. The pathogenesis of biliary fistula rickets is discussed on the basis of these studies. The assumption has been made that deficiency in other vitamins than vitamin D might have a bearing upon the development of this disease. Further study with a view to possible elimination of these unspecific factors might lead to the experimental production by gall bladder fistula of a purely rachitic state. 4. The normal balance and distribution of nitrogen, potassium, sodium, and chlorine in the stool and urine of rachitic infants and rats are considered further evidence of the hypothetical nature of the so called absorption theory in infantile rickets.

The Effect of X-rays on the Gall Bladder: Experimental Production of an X-ray Cholecystitis

Radiology ◽  
1929 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Julius Brams ◽  
Leo Darnbacher
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals High Pregnancy, Cord Blood, and Infant Vitamin D Concentrations May Predict Slower Infant Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena H Hauta-alus ◽  
Eero Kajantie ◽  
Elisa M Holmlund-Suila ◽  
Jenni Rosendahl ◽  
Saara M Valkama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Infant Growth ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Parental Height ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Context The relationship of maternal and infant 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration [25(OH)D] with infant growth is unclear. Objective Our objective was to explore whether 25(OH)D in pregnancy, umbilical cord blood (UCB), or in infancy was associated with infant growth. Design This study involved 798 healthy infants and their mothers in Finland. We assessed 25(OH)D during pregnancy, from UCB at birth, and from the infant at the age of 12 months. Main Outcome Measures Infant length, weight, length-adjusted weight, and head circumference at 6 and 12 months and midupper-arm circumference at 12 months. Results Of the mothers and infants, 96% and 99% were vitamin D sufficient [25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L], respectively. Mothers with pregnancy 25(OH)D >125 nmol/L had the shortest, lightest (in weight), and thinnest (in length-adjusted weight) infants at 6 months (P for all < 0.05). For each 10 nmol/L higher UCB 25(OH)D, the infants were 0.03 SD score (SDS) shorter at 6 months (95% CI −0.05 to −0.01), adjusted for birth size, infant 25(OH)D, and parental height. Higher UCB 25(OH)D associated with smaller head circumference at 6 and 12 months (P for all <0.05) but attenuated after adjustments. Mothers with pregnancy 25(OH)D >125 nmol/L had the thinnest infants at 12 months (P = 0.021). For each 10 nmol/L higher infant 25(OH)D, the infants were 0.03 SDS lighter (−0.05 to −0.01) and 0.03 SDS thinner (−0.05 to 0.00) at 12 months. Conclusions Our results suggest that high pregnancy, cord blood, and infant vitamin D concentration may have disadvantageous effects on infant growth.

Seasonal Variation in Serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D and its Association with Clinical Morbidity in Healthy Infants from Northern India

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 1020-1024
Author(s):  
Ranadeep Ray ◽  
Aashima Dabas ◽  
Dheeraj Shah ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Malhotra ◽  
S. V. Madhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

scholarly journals BLEEDING TENDENCY AND PROTHROMBIN DEFICIENCY IN BILIARY FISTULA DOGS: EFFECT OF FEEDING BILE AND VITAMIN K

1938 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 911-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Smith ◽  
E. D. Warner ◽  
K. M. Brinkhous ◽  
W. H. Seegers
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Biliary Fistula ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Bleeding Tendency ◽  
Slow Rise ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

In biliary fistula dogs the plasma prothrombin falls eventually to low levels and bleeding commonly occurs. Faulty absorption of vitamin K from the intestine in these animals is an important causative factor. Feeding bile permits absorption of the traces of this vitamin normally present in mixed diets, and as a result a slow rise in prothrombin level is observed. If a standard diet is supplemented with large amounts of vitamin K concentrate the prothrombin rise is rapid, provided bile or bile salt is supplied to aid in the absorption. Variations in the rate of prothrombin depletion in biliary fistula dogs kept on constant diet indicate the existence of additional factors which require further study. Our experience indicates that vitamin A and vitamin D supplements do not correct the prothrombin deficiency in biliary fistula animals.

A Case of Rickets due to External Biliary Fistula—Study on Vitamin D Effect upon Ca Absorption and Retention

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Seino ◽  
Yoshihiko Iida ◽  
Osamu Osato ◽  
Eizo Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Biliary Fistula

scholarly journals Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency Among Healthy Infants and Toddlers

2008 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Gordon ◽  
Henry A. Feldman ◽  
Linda Sinclair ◽  
Avery LeBoff Williams ◽  
Paul K. Kleinman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Healthy Infants

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SUNSHINE ON THE SERUM LEVELS OF VITAMIN D

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 1081-1085
Author(s):  
Ivelina Dobreva ◽  
Pavlina Teneva ◽  
Valya Trencheva
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Calcium And Phosphate Metabolism

Vitamin D - anti-rheumatic vitamin - directly related to calcium and phosphate metabolism and bone formation. In recent years, it has been proven to be much more important because it also has an impact on cells of the immune system, heart, endocrine and muscle cells. Vitamin deficiency also involves mental illness such as depression and schizophrenia. For the synthesis of enough vitamin D it is necessary to have a daily, all year round direct exposure to direct sunlight for at least 20-30 minutes a day. The geographic location of Republic of Bulgaria provides the average annual sunshine duration around 2150 hours and it is about 49% of the maximum possible sunshine. However, the majority (58.33%) of the study participants had a "deficiency" in serum levels of vitamin D, snd there is also a large percentage of those who are less often outdoors.

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