Parathyroid Hormone, Calcitonin, Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, Vitamin D, Bone, and Teeth

2012 ◽  
pp. 600-607
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Calcium And Phosphate Metabolism

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SUNSHINE ON THE SERUM LEVELS OF VITAMIN D

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 1081-1085
Author(s):  
Ivelina Dobreva ◽  
Pavlina Teneva ◽  
Valya Trencheva
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Calcium And Phosphate Metabolism

Vitamin D - anti-rheumatic vitamin - directly related to calcium and phosphate metabolism and bone formation. In recent years, it has been proven to be much more important because it also has an impact on cells of the immune system, heart, endocrine and muscle cells. Vitamin deficiency also involves mental illness such as depression and schizophrenia. For the synthesis of enough vitamin D it is necessary to have a daily, all year round direct exposure to direct sunlight for at least 20-30 minutes a day. The geographic location of Republic of Bulgaria provides the average annual sunshine duration around 2150 hours and it is about 49% of the maximum possible sunshine. However, the majority (58.33%) of the study participants had a "deficiency" in serum levels of vitamin D, snd there is also a large percentage of those who are less often outdoors.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Review: The Low Hanging Fruit for Human Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Lucy N. W. Mungai ◽  
Zanuba Mohammed ◽  
Michuki Maina ◽  
Omar Anjumanara
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Immune Regulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Bone Mineralisation ◽  
Calcium And Phosphate Metabolism

Vitamin D is an important hormone that is known for the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Vitamin D deficiency leads to rickets in children and osteoporosis in adults leading to poor bone mineralisation and can also lead to serious dental complications in the same population. Recent studies have shown vitamin D to work as a hormone needed not only in bone and teeth but also in other body organs from intrauterine life up to old age. It has been demonstrated that Vitamin D has various effects on biological processes that deal with cell growth, differentiation, cell death, immune regulation, DNA stability, and neuronal growth. Despite being readily formed in the body through the intervention of the sun, patients are still found to have low vitamin D levels. We review studies done to show how vitamin D works.

scholarly journals Non-Skeletal Activities of Vitamin D: From Physiology to Brain Pathology

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Bivona ◽  
Luisa Agnello ◽  
Chiara Bellia ◽  
Giorgia Iacolino ◽  
Concetta Scazzone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Brain Pathology ◽  
Reference Measurement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Calcium And Phosphate Metabolism

Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone regulating the expression of almost 900 genes, and it is involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism, immune response, and brain development. Low blood vitamin D levels have been reported in patients affected by various diseases. Despite a large amount of literature data, there is uncertainty surrounding the role of vitamin D as a serum biomarker in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Indeed, the lack of internationally recognized 25(OH)D3 reference measurement procedures and standard materials in the past led to unstandardized serum total 25(OH)D3 results among research and clinical care laboratories. Thus, most of the literature studies reported unstandardized data, which are of little use and make it difficult to draw conclusions of the role of vitamin D in AD and PD. This review summarizes the extra-skeletal actions of vitamin D, focusing its role in immunomodulation and brain function, and reports the issue of lacking standardized literature data concerning the usefulness of vitamin D as a biomarker in AD and PD.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Intoxication and Nephrocalcinosis in a Young Breastfed Infant

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al-Kandari ◽  
Hussain Sadeq ◽  
Rita Alfattal ◽  
Maryam AlRashid ◽  
Mayra Alsaeid
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Vitamin D Intoxication ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements ◽  
Calcium And Phosphate Metabolism

Numerous studies were performed assessing the benefits and side effects of vitamin D. Vitamin D helps in regulating the calcium and phosphate metabolism leading to a healthy mineral and bone development. Vitamin D intoxication is an uncommon event that leads to hypercalcemia which can be associated with both immediate and late morbidities that can cause severe renal complications. Here, we present a case of a 4-month-old girl with a history of decreased feed and activity due hypercalcemia and high vitamin D level, which led to nephrocalcinosis. The patient received IV fluids, IV diuretics, methylprednisolone, and bisphosphonate in order to normalize the calcium level in blood. With clear verbal and written instructions for the dosage and administration of vitamin D supplements, as well as clear warnings of the potential risks of overdose, vitamin D intoxication could be an easily avoidable condition.

Calcium and phosphate metabolism in acromegaly

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Halse ◽  
Harry N. Haugen
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Serum Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Active Acromegaly ◽  
Calcium And Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Immunoreactive Parathyroid Hormone

Abstract. A study of 28 consecutively admitted patients with active acromegaly revealed the following results with regards to calcium and phosphate metabolism. When compared with controls, there was an increase in serum calcium levels corrected for total protein, urinary calcium was increased, but the tubular re-absorption of calcium was normal. There was a negative correlation between the urinary cAMP and calcium excretion indicating that hyperabsorption of calcium from the gut is the cause of the increased urinary calcium excretion. Serum phosphate values were increased in acromegalics and correlated well with TmP/GFR which was also increased. Immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH) was increased in 5 patients, three of whom had hypercalcaemia. In the remaining patients the PTH values were scattered within the normal range. The urinary cAMP/creatinine ratio was increased in acromegalics, but most of this difference was abolished when urinary cAMP was expressed relative to 100ml of glomerulus filtrate. It is concluded that parathyroid hyperactivity is a feature of acromegaly.

Evaluation of Selected Parameters of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism in Children with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Maciej Brzęczek ◽  
Lidia Hyla-Klekot ◽  
Franciszek Kokot ◽  
Marek Synder
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Klotho Protein ◽  
Turnover Markers ◽  
Fgf 23 ◽  
Calcium And Phosphate Metabolism

Background. The multifactor aetiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is commonly acknowledged. Both multivariate analyses of large study groups and the search for causes of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and its progression in individual patients indicate that the aetiopathogenesis of this disorder is remarkably complex. The discovery of novel bone turnover markers, such as Klotho protein and FGF-23, means that their role in this condition also has to be considered. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the FGF-23 and Klotho protein concentration profiles as new contributors to the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and compare them with the values seen in healthy children. Material and methods. The study assessed a total of 70 children, including 35 children treated at the postural defects clinic of the Health Care Facility in Oleśno following a diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and 35 healthy children who constituted a control group. The levels of classic bone turnover markers, such as calcium and phosphorus concentration, alkaline phosphatase, 25-OH-D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) activity, and of newly discovered contributors to calcium and phosphate metabolism regulation, namely Klotho protein and FGF-23, were determined in both groups. Results. There were statistically significant differences in the levels of basic parameters of calcium and phosphate metabolism between children with scoliosis and the control group, with scoliotic patients showing elevated calcium and 25-OH-D levels and reduced parathyroid hormone levels. Klotho protein levels in children with scoliosis were significantly lower than in the control group. Moreover, the scoliotic patients showed a marked trend towards higher FGF-23 levels as compared to the control group. Conclusions. 1. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is characterised by multi-level abnormalities of calcium and phosphate metabolism. 2. The increased FGF-23 levels and reduced Klotho protein concentrations found in serum samples collected from children with ado­lescent idiopathic scoliosis may suggest that these hormones play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of the disorder.

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