Age and sex influence on bone and blood lead concentrations in a cohort of the general population living in Toronto

Background: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing annually in Taiwan. In addition to traditional risk factors, heavy metals contribute to the development of CKD. The aim of this study was to investigate associations among heavy metals and proteinuria and CKD in the general population in Southern Taiwan. We also explored the interaction and synergetic effects among heavy metals on proteinuria. Methods: We conducted a health survey in the general population living in Southern Taiwan between June 2016 and September 2018. Seven heavy metals were measured: blood lead (Pb) and urine nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd). Proteinuria was measured using reagent strips. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Results: The mean age of the 2447 participants was 55.1 ± 13.2 years and included 977 males and 1470 females. Participants with high blood Pb and high urine Ni, Mn, Cu, and Cd were significantly associated with proteinuria. Interactions between blood Pb and urine Cr, and between urine Cd and Cu, had significant effects on proteinuria. The participants with high blood Pb and high urine Cu were significantly associated with an eGFR of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Conclusion: High blood Pb and high urine Cu may be associated with proteinuria and an eGFR of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. High urine Ni, Mn, and Cd were significantly associated with proteinuria. Co-exposure to Cd and Cu, and Pb and Cr, may have synergistic effects on proteinuria.

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Mortality of Public Mental Health Patients: A Singapore Experience

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.3109/00048679309072121 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 36-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lionel Chee-Chong Lim ◽

Li-Ping Sim ◽

Peak-Chiang Chiam

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

General Population ◽

Older Patients ◽

Public Mental Health ◽

Younger Patients ◽

Standardised Mortality Ratio ◽

Common Diagnosis ◽

Mental Health Patients ◽

Mortality Ratio ◽

Age And Sex

This study reports the Standardised Mortality Ratio (SMR) by age and sex among public mental health patients in Singapore. The authors also examine the differences between those who were classified as “inpatient deaths” and those who were classified as “outpatient deaths”. Mortality was 5.1 times that of the general population and the SMR was most accentuated in the younger, female patients. Of the 217 deaths documented over two years, schizophrenia was the most common diagnosis. Inpatient deaths (N = 120) occurred in older patients with prior physical illness who died of natural causes. In contrast, outpatient deaths (N = 97) involved younger patients with no previous illness and the majority jumped to their deaths. Mortality studies are necessary in monitoring the efficacy of mental health provisions.

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Nonoccupational Determinants of Blood Lead Concentrations in a General Population

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/21.4.753 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 753-762 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

HANS-WERNER HENSE ◽

BIRGIT FILIPIAK ◽

LADISLAV NOVAK ◽

MARKUS STOEPPLER

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Blood Lead

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The epidemiology of Sarcocystis spp. in cattle of Western Australia

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268800049554 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 108 (1) ◽

pp. 107-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

G. Savini ◽

J. D. Dunsmore ◽

I. D. Robertson ◽

P. Seneviratna

Keyword(s):

Western Australia ◽

Host Age ◽

Semiarid Regions ◽

Sex Influence ◽

Sarcocystis Spp ◽

Artificial Digestion ◽

Management Factors ◽

Arid And Semiarid ◽

Age And Sex

SUMMARYOesophagus samples from 714 cattle from Western Australia were examined by artificial digestion to detect the presence of Sarcocystis spp. The overall prevalence of infection was 52%. The prevalence of infection increased with age and was highest in the entire males (92%). The prevalence was lower in cattle which originated from arid and semiarid regions (9 and 31% respectively) than those from tropical (87%) and temperate (60%) regions. possible reasons for these differences are discussed and it is concluded that environmental and management factors as well as host age and sex influence the prevalence of infection with Sarcocystis spp. in cattle.

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Increased Risk for Other Cancers in Addition to Breast Cancer for CHEK2*1100delC Heterozygotes Estimated From the Copenhagen General Population Study

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2015.63.3594 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (11) ◽

pp. 1208-1216 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Charlotte Näslund-Koch ◽

Børge G. Nordestgaard ◽

Stig E. Bojesen

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

General Population ◽

Population Study ◽

Cell Cycle Checkpoint ◽

Loss Of Function ◽

General Population Study ◽

Chek2 1100Delc ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Age And Sex

Purpose CHEK2 is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator, and the CHEK2*1100delC germline mutation leads to loss of function and increased breast cancer risk. It seems plausible that this mutation could also predispose to other cancers. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that CHEK2*1100delC heterozygosity is associated with increased risk for other cancers in addition to breast cancer in the general population. Patients and Methods We examined 86,975 individuals from the Copenhagen General Population Study, recruited from 2003 through 2010. The participants completed a questionnaire on health and lifestyle, were examined physically, had blood drawn for DNA extraction, were tested for presence of CHEK2*1100delC using Taqman assays and sequencing, and were linked over 1943 through 2011 to the Danish Cancer Registry. Incidences and risks of individual cancer types, including breast cancer, were calculated using Kaplan-Meier estimates, Fine and Gray competing-risks regressions, and stratified analyses with interaction tests. Results Among 86,975 individuals, 670 (0.8%) were CHEK2*1100delC heterozygous, 2,442 developed breast cancer, and 6,635 developed other cancers. The age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio for CHEK2*1100delC heterozygotes compared with noncarriers was 2.08 (95% CI, 1.51 to 2.85) for breast cancer and 1.45 (95% CI, 1.15 to 1.82) for other cancers. When stratifying for sex, the age-adjusted hazard ratios for other cancers were 1.54 (95% CI, 1.08 to 2.18) for women and 1.37 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.85) for men (sex difference: P = .63). For CHEK2*1100delC heterozygotes compared with noncarriers, the age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios were 5.76 (95% CI, 2.12 to 15.6) for stomach cancer, 3.61 (95% CI, 1.33 to 9.79) for kidney cancer, 3.45 (95% CI, 1.09 to 10.9) for sarcoma, and 1.60 (95% CI, 1.00 to 2.56) for prostate cancer. Conclusion CHEK2*1100delC heterozygosity is associated with 15% to 82% increased risk for at least some cancers in addition to breast cancer. This information may be useful in clinical counseling of patients with this loss-of-function mutation.

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Uptake Pattern of HIV Counseling and Testing Services: A 4-Year Review in Plateau State, Nigeria

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp.63 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 183-187

Author(s):

F A Magaji ◽

A N Ocheke ◽

V C Pam ◽

T Afolaramin ◽

J Musa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Information Management System ◽

Male Population ◽

Female Population ◽

Hiv Counseling And Testing ◽

Hiv Counseling ◽

Counseling And Testing ◽

Plateau State ◽

Age And Sex

Plateau state is one of the HIV high-burden states in Nigeria with few people knowing their HIV status as a result of challenges with access to HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) services. This study was aimed at determining the HCT uptake among the general population as well as the pattern by age and sex in Plateau state. The study was a 4-year descriptive analysis of HCT services in the general population of Plateau state, Nigeria based on data generated between January 2012 and December 2015. The data on HCT services were managed through the electronic Nigerian National HIV/AIDS Response Information Management System (eNNRIMS) which was web-based software. The data was disaggregated by year, age and sex in the software and analysis was done using excel to obtained the proportions and trend of HCT uptake in the general population and by year, age and sex. Out of a total of 495,718 tested for HIV, 400,699 people received their test results giving an 80.8% HCT uptake in Plateau state. The highest (99.7%) HCT uptake was in 2014 and the least (67.7%) was in 2012. The age group 25 – 49 years accounted for nearly two-thirds of HCT uptake. The female population had higher percentages of between 7.2% and 17.6% HCT uptake across the years compared to their male counterparts. The HCT uptake was relatively high, and it was even higher among the female population compared to the HCT uptake among male population in Plateau state Nigeria.

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Age and Sex Influence Mitochondria and Cardiac Health in Offspring Exposed to Maternal Glucolipotoxicity

iScience ◽

10.1016/j.isci.2020.101746 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (11) ◽

pp. 101746

Author(s):

Eli J. Louwagie ◽

Tricia D. Larsen ◽

Angela L. Wachal ◽

Tyler C.T. Gandy ◽

Julie A. Eclov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Health ◽

Sex Influence ◽

Age And Sex

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Assessing modern health worries: Dimensionality and factorial invariance across age and sex of the Modern Health Worries Scale in a general population sample

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105313488980 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 1302-1308 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lena Spangenberg ◽

Markus Zenger ◽

Winfried Rief ◽

Elmar Brähler ◽

Heide Glaesmer

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Population Sample ◽

Factorial Invariance ◽

General Population Sample ◽

Modern Health Worries ◽

Age And Sex

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Efficacy of Adding Oral Simvastatin to Topical Therapy for Treatment of Psoriasis: The Vietnamese Experience

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2019.060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 237-242

Author(s):

Hao Nguyen Trong ◽

Thang Nguyen Tat ◽

Tu Tran Nguyen Anh ◽

Nhi Pham Uyen ◽

Thuong Nguyen Van ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Skin Disorder ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Topical Therapy ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Healthy Group ◽

Pasi Score ◽

Inflammatory Skin Disorder ◽

Age And Sex

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis, the prevalence of which ranges from 2% to 3% of the general population, has been recently recognised as not only a chronic inflammatory skin disorder but also an immunometabolic systemic disease. Dyslipidemia is one of the most important comorbidities of psoriasis. Statins, frequently used as anti-hyperlipidemic agents, may be beneficial in the treatment of several autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis, due to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory characteristics. Hence, we hypothesised that using this medication was not only beneficial for reducing hyperlipidemia but also improving psoriatic conditions. AIM: We conducted a study to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in psoriatic patients as well as whether the addition of statins (simvastatin prescribed forms) to standard topical antipsoriatic treatment can improve skin lesions in psoriatic patients. METHODS: A group of 128 psoriatic patients and 128 healthy controls who were matched with the patients regarding ethnicity, age, and sex were enrolled, and their lipid concentrations were determined. Furthermore, sixty patients were randomly selected from the former group and divided into two treatment subgroups to evaluate the effect of statins on the severity of psoriasis using the PASI score. RESULTS: We found that the rate of dyslipidemia in the patient group was significantly higher than in the healthy group (53.9% versus 21.9%, p < 0.001), particularly the triglyceride concentration (1.86 ± 1.17 versus 1.43 ± 0.79 mg/dL, p < 0.001). Also, the PASI score reduction in the simvastatin-treated subgroup was significantly different from that in the placebo-treated one after eight weeks of therapy (8.63 ± 4.78 versus 5.34 ± 3.59, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study showed that simvastatin might play a role in controlling hyperlipidemia and in turn decrease the PASI score in psoriatic patients.

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