How do Birth Massage and Position Change Affect Labour Pain During Active Phase

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a non-pharmacological childbirth care protocol in women in the active phase of labour in improving obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Design: Randomized trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding, and intention-to-treat analysis. Setting: Reference Centre of Women’s Health of Ribeirão Preto–MATER, São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Eighty low-risk primiparous women at the end of pregnancy and beginning of the active phase of labour were randomized to experimental group (EG) (n=40) or control group (CG) (n=40). Women in EG received four interventions: ambulation at 4 to 6 cm of cervical dilation; alternative maternal positions associated with TENS at 6 to 7 cm, and a warm shower bath at >7 cm. The CG received only routine obstetric. Main outcome measures: The length of the active phase of labour, the expulsive phase duration, and the prevalence of labour dystocia assessed by the partograph. Results: The parturients who received the sequential non-pharmacological protocol had a shorter length of the active phase of labour (CG=444 minutes; EG=373 minutes; p=0,02), presented rupture of membranes later in labour (CG=7cm; EG=8cm; p<0,01), requested pharmacological analgesia with more significant cervical dilatation (CG=5cm; EG=8cm; p<0,01) and had lower labour dystocia rates than the patients in the CG. Conclusion: The implementation of a sequential non-pharmacological protocol has the potential in decreased and delayed use of pharmacological analgesia, duration of the active phase of labour and dystocia rates. Keywords: length of labour, labour pain, dystocia, randomized controlled trial, non-pharmacological resources, pharmacological analgesia. Trial registration: NCT01601860 Link: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01601860

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Literature Review : Penerapan Metode Kompres Hangat Dalam Menurunkan Intensitas Nyeri Ibu Bersalin Kala 1 Fase Aktif

Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesehatan ◽

10.48144/prosiding.v1i.921 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 1721-1726

Author(s):

Moh Faesol ◽

Windha Widyastuti

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Health Workers ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labour Pain ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Google Scholar ◽

Average Pain ◽

Scientific Report ◽

Stage 1

AbstractThe unproper handied labour pain may ancrease blood pressure as well as oxygen demand, and decrease uterine contraction. Warm compress is a method that can be applied to reduce the intensity of pain during labour. this scientific report was written to describe the application of warm compresses to reduce the intensity of maternal pain during the first active phase of labour based on a literature review. this literature review was constructed by analyzing 3 articles takeen from Google Scholar with "labour pain", "firts active phase" and "warm compresses" the keywords, in the form of fulltext articles, and published during 2011 - 2021. From 78 respondent, 66.6% of them aged >25 years old, 58% were multipara, and 60.4% finished secondary education. The result showed that the average pain scale before the intervention was 5,3. Therefore, it can be concluded that warm compresses can reduce labour pain during the firts active phse. hence, health workers are suggested to give warm compresses to reduce the intensity of labour pain during the firts active phase.Keywords: Labour Pain; Warm Compresses; Stage 1 Active Phase AbstrakNyeri persalinan yang tidak ditangani dengan tepat dapat menyebabkan peningkatan tekanan darah, peningkatan kebutuhan oksigen dan penurunan kotraksi uterus. Metode kompres hangat merupakan salah satu intevensi yang dapat menurunkan intensitas nyeri pada ibu bersalin. Penulisan karya tulis ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mengambarkan penerapan kompres hangat terhadap intensitas nyeri ibu bersalin kala 1 fase aktif berdasarkan literature review. Desain karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah Literature Review, dengan menganalisis 3 artikel yang diambil dari laman google scholar dengan kata kunci “nyeri persalinan”, “kala 1 fase aktif” dan “kompres hangat”, berupa artikel fulltext artikel terbit pada tahun 2011-2021 . Hasil analisa karakteristik responden berjumlah 78, 66,6% responden berusia >25 tahun, 58% paritas Multipara, dan 60,4% pendidikan menegah. Rata-rata skala nyeri sebelum intervensi 7,9 dan setelah intervensi 5,3. Kesimpulanya adalah kompres hangat dapat menurunkan nyeri pada ibu bersalin kala 1 fase aktif. Saran bagi tenaga kesehatan adalah memberikan kompres hangat untuk menggurangi intensitas nyeri bersalin kala 1 fase aktif.Kata kunci: Nyeri Persalinan; Kompres hangat; Kala 1 Fase Aktif

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Paracetamol versus meperidine for relief of labour pain in primiparous women: a randomized controlled trial

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193516 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 3085

Author(s):

Sherif M. Habib ◽

Mohamed H. Mostafa ◽

Mohamed H. Salama ◽

Hend G. Swilam

Keyword(s):

Pain Relief ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Neonatal Resuscitation ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labour Pain ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Intravenous Paracetamol ◽

The Cost

Background: Most parturient women request analgesia, of which, there are two types; opioids and non-opioids. Opioids include morphine and meperidine, while non-opioids, which are milder forms of painkillers, include acetaminophen (paracetamol) and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. The major concerns associated with opioids are the risk of neonatal respiratory depression, the cost and availability.Methods: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of paracetamol versus meperidine for intra-partum pain relief. A total of 92 primiparous singleton term pregnant women were randomly allocated to receive intravenous paracetamol (1000 mg), or intramuscular meperidine (50 mg), at the beginning of the active phase of labor. The primary outcome was the labor pain perception, assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS), at baseline, 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after administration of the drug.Results: Women of both groups showed significant reduction of the VAS after administration of the medication. There were no differences between both groups regarding the mode of delivery and the durations of the first or second stages of labor. However, meperidine was associated with higher rates of dizziness and nausea/vomiting. The 1-min Apgar scores were significantly lower in meperidine group. However, there were no differences in the 5-min Apgar score, need for neonatal resuscitation or neonatal respiratory distress.Conclusions: intravenous paracetamol as analgesia during labor is effective with no fetal or maternal adverse effects. Its use should have more chance for intrapartum pain relief. Additionally, it can be used as adjuvant with other types of analgesics.

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Efektivitas kombinasi birth massage dan perubahan posisi terhadap penurunan nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif

Jurnal Riset Kebidanan Indonesia ◽

10.32536/jrki.v4i1.85 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Evi Rinata ◽

Rafhani Rosyidah

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Pain Score ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labour Pain ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Control Group ◽

Consecutive Sampling ◽

Average Pain ◽

Average Pain Score ◽

And Control

Latar belakang: Nyeri persalinan merupakan proses fisiologis akibat kontraksi miometrium dengan intesitas yang berbeda pada masing-masing individu. Meskipun fisiologis namun nyeri persalinan akan terasa menyakitkan, tidak menyenangkan dan menakutkan bagi ibu. Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui efektivitas kombinasi birth massage dan perubahan posisi terhadap penurunan nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif. Metode: Desain penelitian Quasi Eksperimental Design dengan metode Nonequivalent Control Group Design menggunakan pretest – posttest design. Populasi ibu bersalin kala I fase aktif yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi menggunakan consecutive sampling. Jumlah sampel 48 ibu bersalin yang dibagi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan (birth massage dan perubahan posisi) dan kelompok kontrol (birth massage). Pengamatan nyeri persalinan pre dan posttest menggunakan skala nyeri dengan observasi perilaku (FLACC behavioral scale). Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata skor nyeri persalinan kelompok perlakuan pretest adalah 6,17± 1,129 dan posttest 2,79 ± 1,414 dengan rerata penurunan skor nyeri pretest dan posttest sebesar 3,38 ± 1,173. Sedangkan rerata skor nyeri persalinan kelompok kontrol pretest adalah 6,17± 1,129 dan posttest 2,79 ± 1,414 dengan rerata penurunan skor nyeri pretest dan posttest sebesar 3,38 ± 1,173. Hasil uji Mann – Whitney didapatkan nilai P = 0,564 yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan penurunan nyeri pada kelompok yang diberikan birth massage kombinasi perubahan posisi atau pada kelompok yang hanya diberikan birth massage. Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan penurunan nyeri persalinan pada kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Background: Labour pain is the physiological processes as a result of the contraction of myometrium with different intensity on each individual. Although it is physiological, labour pain is painful, unpleasant and frightening for the mother. Objective: This research aims to know the effectiveness of combination between birth massage and change position towards the decrease of labor pain in the forst active phase. Methods: The design of this study was Quasi Experimental with Nonequivalent Control Group method using pretest-posttest Design was applied. The population of maternity mother in the first active phase that meet the criteria of inclusion by using consecutive sampling. The number of sample was 48 maternity mothers divided into two groups, treatment group (birth massage and position change) and control group (birth massage). Observation on labor pain during pre and posttest used behavioral FLACC scale. Results: The results showed a mean score of labor pain treatment group pretest is 6.17 ± 1.129 and posttest 2.79 ± 1.414 with average pain score decrease of pretest and posttest of 3.38 ± 1.173. While the average score labor pain control group pretest is 6.17 ± 1.129 and posttest 2.79 ± 1.414 with average pain score decrease of pretest and posttest of 3.38 ± 1.173. Mann-Whitney test results obtained the value of P = 0.564 which means there is no difference in decreasing pain in the group given birth massage combined with position changes and in the group just given birth massage. Conclusion: There is no difference between labor pain in treatment group and control group who were just given birth massage.

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Effectivity of Large Intestine 4 Point Accupressure on Labour Pain Stage-I Active Phase

BioScientia Medicina ◽

10.32539/bsm.v5i11.425 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 1225-1230

Author(s):

Noviyanti ◽

Ratna Dewi ◽

Adri Idiana

Keyword(s):

Phase I ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Therapy Group ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labour Pain ◽

Routine Care ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Stage I ◽

Care Group ◽

Control Group

Background: Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 36 of 2009 concerning traditional health services (Yankestrad), namely articles 1, 48, 59, 60 and 61. Acupressure is included in Yankestrad skills that are easy, cheap, simple, effective, and without any side effects. harmful. Acupressure at the Large Intestine 4 Point (LI4) based on the literature is able to reduce labor pain in the first stage of the active phase. Methods: This type of research is quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test research design. The samples were divided into two groups, the treatment group and the control group. Results: Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded as follows: Active phase I labour pain before being given Acupressure Therapy for primigravida mothers in PMB Aceh Besar District averaged 7.35. Active phase I labour pain after being given Acupressure Therapy to primigravida mothers in PMB Aceh Besar District decreased by an average of 5.47. Conclusions: There are differences in labour pain in the stage-I of active phase in the Acupressure therapy group with the Routine care group for the stage-I of labour for primigravida mothers in PMB Aceh Besar District.

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To Assess the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique in Reduction of Pain during First Stage of Labour among Primigravida Mothers

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i45b32799 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 221-224

Author(s):

. Lalhriatpuii ◽

Manjusha Mahakarkar

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Research ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labour Pain ◽

Routine Care ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Control Group ◽

Research Approach ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Experimental Group

Background: The pain of labour is intense, but his memory decreases over time, despite this. Labour is an emotional phenomenon that encompasses both psychological and physiological processes. The active method of delivering a foetus is labour, which is characterized by frequent, painful uterine contractions that increase in frequency and intensity [5]. There are many ways, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, to relieve work pain and help to relax. During labour and childbirth, comfort measures that offer natural pain relief can be very effective. Methods and Materials: Quantitative Research Approach and Non-randomized control group design will be used, 56 subjects (28 in experimental group and 28 in control group) will be randomly allotted. The experimental group received breathing exercise during contraction at a rate of 45 mins interval 3 times during the active phase of labour whereas routine care will be provided to the subjects in the control group. Pain level will be assessed after each contraction with Wong weber’s facial pain scale. Expected Outcome: This study is planned to assess the effectiveness of patterned breathing technique during first stafe of labour among primigravida mothers to reduce their pain and their pain perception. Hence, it is expected to reduce their pain perception among primigravida mothers and it will make it easy to bear the labour pain.

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Prince of Songkla University Cat and upright positions together with music reduces the duration of active phase of labour and labour pain in primiparous women compared to oxytocin

Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies ◽

10.1111/fct.12113 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 70-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sasitorn Phumdoung ◽

Sununta Youngwanichsetha ◽

Sukit Mahattanan ◽

Tawit Payakkamas ◽

Kalaya Maneechot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Active Phase ◽

Labour Pain ◽

Prince Of Songkla University ◽

Primiparous Women

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The Effectiveness of Dhikr to Intensity of Pain during Active Phase in Mothers Getting Inducing Labour

Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran ◽

10.24198/jkp.v8i2.1432 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nurhidayatul Mualimah ◽

Irma Nurbaeti ◽

Puspita Palupi

Keyword(s):

Active Phase ◽

Labour Pain ◽

Cervical Dilatation ◽

Repeated Measure ◽

Labour Induction ◽

Average Score ◽

P Value ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Control Pain

Women in labor process with induction are more painful than normal labor that need to applicate an intervention to reduce pain in stage I labor. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of dhikr towards intensity of pain of labor during the active phase of the mother with labour induction. The study was conducted since May until June 2018 with one group quasi-experimental design. Pain score is measured before and after dhikr using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) every 30 minutes during the active phase of first stage. The mothers who met criteria recruited as the samples. Fifteen muslim mothers who had first labor induction, starting cervical dilatation in 4 cm, gynecoid pelvis and completed cervical dilatation to 10 cm. Statistic analysis performed by ANOVA Repeated Measure test at α = 0.05. The result of the statistical test shows that dhikr has moderate effect of 32.5% to decrease the average score of induction pain at the active phase of first stage (value-p=0.08) after controlled with confounding variables; age and parity. Dhikr had an effect on the decrease of VAS score after 30 minutes intervention (p-value = 0.016), but did not affect the measurement at the end of the first stage of labour (p-value = 0.651). Therefore, dhikr could be used to control pain of induced labor during active phase of first stage. Suggested has teached pregnant women since the third trimester and combined with the other intervention to reduce labour pain.

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