scholarly journals Creation of an MRI phantom based on super-paramagnetic nanoparticles of iron oxide (SPIO) for standardization of the conversion of T2 * values in the concentration of iron in the liver

2021 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
P.A. Bulanov ◽  
E.E. Nazarova ◽  
P.E. Menshchikov ◽  
D.A Kupriyanov ◽  
G.V. Tereshchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Paramagnetic Complex ◽  
Standardization Method ◽  
Liver Iron ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Liver Iron Overload ◽  
Mri Diagnostics ◽  
Dry Substance ◽  
Paramagnetic Properties

Abstract In this study the standardization method for T2* maps acquisition on various MR scanners (3T and 1.5T) is proposed. The reproducibility of the obtained T2* values is realized through the MR-compatible phantom containing paramagnetic complex iron oxide nanoparticles. The repeatability of measurements results has shown that the created phantom retains all the required characteristics (homogeneity, stability of concentrations and manifested paramagnetic properties) over a long period of time. The application of standardized T2* values allows to use previously received T2*, [ms] to iron concentrations in the dry substance of the liver (LIC), [mg/ml] conversion formulas for accurate, fast and non-invasive MRI diagnostics of liver iron overload.

Non-Invasive SQUID Diagnosis Of Liver Iron Overload

Biomagnetism ◽  
1981 ◽  
pp. 507-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E. Farrell ◽  
J.H. Tripp ◽  
P.E. Zanzucchi ◽  
J.H. Harris ◽  
G.M. Brittenham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Liver Iron ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Liver Iron Overload

scholarly journals Non-invasive measurement of liver iron concentration by magnetic resonance imaging and its clinical usefulness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Alustiza ◽  
Agustin Castiella ◽  
Eva Zapata ◽  
Iratxe Urreta ◽  
Emma Salvador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Liver Iron Concentration ◽  
Liver Iron ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Liver Iron Overload

Determination of liver iron concentration by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is becoming the new technique of choice for the diagnosis of iron overload in hereditary haemochromatosis and other liver iron surcharge diseases. Determination of hepatic iron concentration obtained by liver biopsy has been the gold standard for years. The development of MRI techniques, via signal intensity ratio methods or relaxometry, has provided a non-invasive and more accurate approach to the diagnosis of liver iron overload. This article reviews the available MRI methods for the determination of liver iron concentration and also evaluates the technique for the diagnosis and quantification of iron overload in different clinical practice scenarios.

Assessment of Liver Iron Overload in Thalassemic Patients by MR Imaging

1992 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Villari ◽  
D. Caramella ◽  
A. Lippi ◽  
C. Guazzelli
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Liver Iron ◽  
Liver Iron Overload

scholarly journals Music for Monkeys: Building Methods to Design with White-Faced Sakis for Animal-Driven Audio Enrichment Devices

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1768
Author(s):  
Roosa Piitulainen ◽  
Ilyena Hirskyj-Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Electronic Music ◽  
Computer Systems ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Novelty Effect ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Audio System ◽  
Computer Interaction

Computer systems for primates to listen to audio have been researched for a long time. However, there is a lack of investigations into what kind of sounds primates would prefer to listen to, how to quantify their preference, and how audio systems and methods can be designed in an animal-focused manner. One pressing question is, if given the choice to control an audio system, would or could primates use such a system. In this study, we design an audio enrichment prototype and method for white-faced sakis that allows them to listen to different sounds in their regular zoo habitat while automatically logging their interactions. Focusing on animal-centred design, this prototype was built from low fidelity testing of different forms within the sakis’ enclosure and gathering requirements from those who care for and view the animal. This process of designing in a participatory manner with the sakis resulted in an interactive system that was shown to be viable, non-invasive, highly interactive, and easy to use in a zoo habitat. Recordings of the sakis’ interactions demonstrated that the sakis triggered traffic audio more than silence, rain sounds, zen, and electronic music. The data and method also highlight the benefit of a longitudinal study within the animals’ own environment to mitigate against the novelty effect and the day-to-day varying rhythm of the animals and the zoo environment. This study builds on animal-centred methods and design paradigms to allow the monitoring of the animals’ behaviours in zoo environments, demonstrating that useful data can be yielded from primate-controlled devices. For the Animal-Computer Interaction community, this is the first audio enrichment system used in zoo contexts within the animals own environment over a long period of time that gives the primate control over their interactions and records this automatically.

scholarly journals An overview of the cutaneous porphyrias

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Dawe
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Erythropoietic Protoporphyria ◽  
Liver Iron ◽  
Underlying Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Iron Overload ◽  
Enzyme Defects

This is an overview of the cutaneous porphyrias. It is a narrative review based on the published literature and my personal experience; it is not based on a formal systematic search of the literature. The cutaneous porphyrias are a diverse group of conditions due to inherited or acquired enzyme defects in the porphyrin–haem biosynthetic pathway. All the cutaneous porphyrias can have (either as a consequence of the porphyria or as part of the cause of the porphyria) involvement of other organs as well as the skin. The single commonest cutaneous porphyria in most parts of the world is acquired porphyria cutanea tarda, which is usually due to chronic liver disease and liver iron overload. The next most common cutaneous porphyria, erythropoietic protoporphyria, is an inherited disorder in which the accumulation of bile-excreted protoporphyrin can cause gallstones and, rarely, liver disease. Some of the porphyrias that cause blistering (usually bullae) and fragility (clinically and histologically identical to porphyria cutanea tarda) can also be associated with acute neurovisceral porphyria attacks, particularly variegate porphyria and hereditary coproporphyria. Management of porphyria cutanea tarda mainly consists of visible-light photoprotection measures while awaiting the effects of treating the underlying liver disease (if possible) and treatments to reduce serum iron and porphyrin levels. In erythropoietic protoporphyria, the underlying cause can be resolved only with a bone marrow transplant (which is rarely justifiable in this condition), so management consists particularly of visible-light photoprotection and, in some countries, narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy. Afamelanotide is a promising and newly available treatment for erythropoietic protoporphyria and has been approved in Europe since 2014.

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