scholarly journals Damage risk analysis of a Timurid heritage located in Iran exposed to outdoor climate change (Ghiassieh school)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012062
Author(s):  
Hamed Hedayatnia ◽  
Marijke Steeman ◽  
Nathan Van Den Bossche
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Outdoor Climate ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Historical Heritage

Abstract The first step to preserving the historical heritage against global warming effects is finding how this phenomenon affects building material degradation. Due to the vulnerability of Iranian heritage to climate change and lack of proper literature, research on climate change’s impact on Timurid heritage buildings in Iran has been determined as the primary research goal. The study is performed by analysing weather data, HAM simulations, and different damage criteria. This paper aims to find an appropriate method to study climate change’s impact on historical buildings. A Timurid historical school is chosen as a case study to better understand the current climate change effects on building components. The analysis shows that the significantly rising air temperature and wind speed, along with reduced rainfall and humidity, causes a notable decrease in building envelope moisture content in addition to an increase in hydrated salt crystallisation cycles during the studied period. These fluctuations may have played a crucial role in the pathologies that can be observed on site, and their continuation and expansion in the future, as the models have predicted, may lead to irreparable damages to the building.

Short Communication: Climate change and biofuel wheat: A case study of southern Saskatchewan

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Wang ◽  
Yong He ◽  
Budong Qian ◽  
Brian McConkey ◽  
Herb Cutforth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Communication Climate ◽  
Stochastic Weather Generator ◽  
Ipcc Sres

Wang, H., He, Y., Qian, B., McConkey, B., Cutforth, H., McCaig, T., McLeod, G., Zentner, R., DePauw, R., Lemke, R., Brandt, K., Liu, T., Qin, X., White, J., Hunt, T. and Hoogenboom, G. 2012. Short Communication: Climate change and biofuel wheat: A case study of southern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 421–425. This study assessed potential impacts of climate change on wheat production as a biofuel crop in southern Saskatchewan, Canada. The Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer-Cropping System Model (DSSAT-CSM) was used to simulate biomass and grain yield under three climate change scenarios (CGCM3 with the forcing scenarios of IPCC SRES A1B, A2 and B1) in the 2050s. Synthetic 300-yr weather data were generated by the AAFC stochastic weather generator for the baseline period (1961–1990) and each scenario. Compared with the baseline, precipitation is projected to increase in every month under all three scenarios except in July and August and in June for A2, when it is projected to decrease. Annual mean air temperature is projected to increase by 3.2, 3.6 and 2.7°C for A1B, A2 and B1, respectively. The model predicted increases in biomass by 28, 12 and 16% without the direct effect of CO2 and 74, 55 and 41% with combined effects (climate and CO2) for A1B, A2 and B1, respectively. Similar increases were found for grain yield. However, the occurrence of heat shock (>32°C) will increase during grain filling under the projected climate conditions and could cause severe yield reduction, which was not simulated by DSSAT-CSM. This implies that the future yield under climate scenarios might have been overestimated by DSSAT-CSM; therefore, model modification is required. Several measures, such as early seeding, must be taken to avoid heat damages and take the advantage of projected increases in temperature and precipitation in the early season.

scholarly journals The efficiency of a dynamically insulated wall in the presence of air leakages

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Angela Kalagasidis-Sasic
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Outdoor Climate ◽  
Dynamic Insulation ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Heat And Moisture ◽  
Alternative Designs ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

The movement of air in and through the building envelope often plays a leading role in the transport of heat and moisture into the building. It is caused by pressure and temperature variations around the building envelope inbuilt ventilation system, occupancy, etc. In order to improve the energy consumption, alternative designs for the ventilation systems are considered. One of them is a dynamically insulated wall as an inlet unit for the supplying air. In order to predict the performance of a dynamically insulated wall, it is necessary to make an analysis of the building as a system. This paper presents such system analysis which takes into account the interaction between the building components and indoor and outdoor climate, both in terms of the air leakage and heat and mass transfer to and from the building components. It is shown that, in the presence of air leakages (unintentional openings) in the enclosure of the building, the efficiency of the dynamic insulation is significantly decreased.

Temporal Data Analysis and Mining Methods for Modelling the Climate Change Effects on Malaysia's Oil Palm Yield at Different Regional Scales

2017 ◽  
pp. 499-531
Author(s):  
Subana Shanmuganathan ◽  
Ajit Narayanan ◽  
Nishantha Priyanka Kumara Medagoda
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Crop Models ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Moving Average Models ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Temporal Data Analysis

Space and time related data generated is becoming ever more voluminous, noisy and heterogeneous outpacing the research efforts in the domain of climate. Nevertheless, this data portrays recent climate/ weather change patterns. Thus, insightful approaches are required to overcome the challenges when handling the so called “big data” to unravel the recent unprecedented climate change in particular, its variability, frequency and effects on key crops. Contemporary climate-crop models developed at least two decades ago are found to be unsuitable for analysing complex climate/weather data retrospectively. In this context, the chapter looks at the use of scalable time series analysis, namely ARIMA (Autoregressive integrated moving average) models and data mining techniques to extract new knowledge on the climate change effects on Malaysia's oil palm yield at the regional and administrative divisional scales. The results reveal recent trends and patterns in climate change and its effects on oil palm yield impossible otherwise e.g. Traditional statistical methods alone.

scholarly journals Seasonality and multiannual variability of floods: case study from Eastern Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 00031
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Siwek
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Flow Duration Curve ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Flow Duration ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Seasonality Index ◽  
Annual Distribution ◽  
Flood Characteristics

Nowadays, under increasing climate change effects on the environment, we can observe increasing number of extreme phenomena, including meteorological and hydrological ones. One of such phenomena are floods. The objective of this article is the assessment of basic flood characteristics seasonality in the annual distribution. Analysis were performed based on time series of daily flow values recorded in the years 1951–2014 in three gauging stations located on rivers in Easter Poland, in upper Wieprz catchment. Floods were defined according to TLM algorithm and were assumed to be all cases of flow occurrence exceeding 10% read from FDC (flow duration curve) (Q10). Seasonality was analysed using Markham’s Seasonality Index and Period of Seasonal Concentration, analysis of autocorrelation function (ACF) as well as proposed by the author Seasonal Winter Floods Index. The distribution of floods during year indicates one flood season in year which occurs in the spring.

Exploration of Climate Change Effects on Shifting Potato Seasons, Yields and Water Use Employing NASA and National Long-Term Weather Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayten Kubra Yagiz ◽  
Mustafa Cakici ◽  
Nazlican Aydogan ◽  
Seher Omezli ◽  
Bayram Ali Yerlikaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Climate Change Effects

Impacts of global climate change in a hydrologically vulnerable region: challenges to South African hydrologists

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.E. Schulze
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Climate Change Effects

South Africa is already hydrologically vulnerable and this is likely to be exacerbated by both nonpermanent ENSO-related as well as more permanently greenhouse-gas forced climate changes. Climate change effects are explained by way of the hydrological equation. This serves as a backdrop to a brief review, in a hydrological context, of projected perturbations to temperature, rainfall and potential evaporation, over southern Africa. Methodologies for simulating hydro logical responses to climate change are assessed. These include more direct GCM-derived output, with some emphasis on recent advances in climatic downscaling, and the application of appro priate hydrological models for use in impact studies. Scale problems of importance to hydrologists are highlighted. Directions to which climate change-related hydrological research efforts should be expended in South Africa are summarized, before two case study simulations, one a general sensitivity study of hydrological responses to changes in rainfall over southern Africa, the other a more specific hydrological response study to the El Niño of the 1982-83 season, are presented. The article concludes with a discussion on whether or not water resources practitioners in South Africa should respond to climate change.

scholarly journals Prediction of Wind Erosion over a Heritage Site: A Case Study of Yongling Mausoleum, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Jinzhu Meng ◽  
Tianwei Zhu ◽  
Jingyu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

AbstractTo protect heritage buildings better, a method exploiting computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was developed for the analysis of wind erosion at a heritage site. Over a two-year period, we collected measurements of hourly weather data at Xinbin County to obtain statistics of wind speeds and directions for the Yongling Mausoleum. Subsequent results from CFD simulations show that before greening, with wind speeds reaching 10 m/s, certain structures (southwest-facing corners, doors and windows on open sides, places where swirling winds develop, and eaves of sloping roofs) of four heritage buildings were eroded more severely. With appropriate greening, plants may exert their unique ecological presence to better protect heritage buildings and their historical environments. After greening, the severity of damage to these vulnerable structures by wind was reduced. With wind speeds reaching 10 m/s, the average pressure on the structures of each building was 0.41–27.85 Pa, representing a reduction of 2.4%–75.6% from pressures before greening. We also constructed a 1:500-scale model to verify in experiments the correctness of CFD simulation qualitatively. The CFD simulations were found to provide an effective method to investigate and predict wind erosion of the heritage site.

scholarly journals Mitigating Climate Change in the Cultural Built Heritage Sector

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Sesana ◽  
Chiara Bertolin ◽  
Alexandre Gagnon ◽  
John Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Change Mitigation

Climate change mitigation targets have put pressure to reduce the carbon footprint of cultural heritage buildings. Commonly adopted measures to decrease the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of historical buildings are targeted at improving their energy efficiency through insulating the building envelope, and upgrading their heating, cooling and lighting systems. However, there are complex issues that arise when mitigating climate change in the cultural built heritage sector. For instance, preserving the authenticity of heritage buildings, maintaining their traditional passive behaviours, and choosing adaptive solutions compatible with the characteristics of heritage materials to avoid an acceleration of decay processes. It is thus important to understand what the enablers, or the barriers, are to reduce the carbon footprint of cultural heritage buildings to meet climate change mitigation targets. This paper investigates how climate change mitigation is considered in the management and preservation of the built heritage through semi-structured interviews with cultural heritage experts from the UK, Italy and Norway. Best-practice approaches for the refurbishment of historical buildings with the aim of decreasing their energy consumption are presented, as perceived by the interviewees, as well as the identification of the enablers and barriers in mitigating climate change in the cultural built heritage sector. The findings emphasise that adapting the cultural built heritage to reduce GHG emissions is challenging, but possible if strong and concerted action involving research and government can be undertaken to overcome the barriers identified in this paper.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document