scholarly journals Conversion of Two-Stroke Vehicle to an Electric Vehicle

2021 ◽  
Vol 2070 (1) ◽  
pp. 012202
Author(s):  
Haroon Rayyan Harris ◽  
Ajay G Dev ◽  
Joel Jose ◽  
Ganesh Jithamanyu Dv ◽  
Vishnu Sankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Emission Standard ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Feasible Alternative ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Cost Feasibility ◽  
Current Market Price

Abstract Amid the global pandemic of covid-19, fuel prices have soared a record high, crossing the Rs. 100 landmark for petrol and diesel. This leads to an increase in prices across all products, which cuts in deeper into the already thin bottom lines of ordinary citizens. Public outcry aside, the rise in fuel prices indicates an accelerating trend, which emphasizes the need to find alternative sources of fuel for transport; the ever growing sector. In recent years, reports of possible banning two-stroke engines, coupled with the emergence of a new emission standard in India, have re-ignited questions about how two-stroke vehicles, can be powered from alternative sources of energy. This project intends to address the above question, by assessing the feasibility of a different alternative, by designing an electric drivetrain for a twowheeler, while aiming to be practical and economical for the ordinary man riding it. This project intends to be a cost-feasibility study, whose aim, to realize a full EV conversion of a twowheeler, less than 50% of current market price of base level, original EV’s, thereby proving to be a feasible alternative to people who cannot afford the alternative; and also solving the logistical and environmental problems arising from a large number of abandoned or suboptimal use of such vehicles, when the shift happens.

scholarly journals An Innovative Three-in-One Face Protective Gear (FPG): A Feasibility Study in a Neonatal Unit in Times of Pandemic!

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-115
Author(s):  
Astha Panghal ◽  
Ashok Kumar Gupta ◽  
Girish Gupta ◽  
Kirti M. Naranje ◽  
Anita Singh
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Adhesive Tape ◽  
Protective Gear ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Feasible Alternative ◽  
Test Feasibility

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at greatest risk of acquiring infection in times of global pandemic of COVID-19 disease. There is an unprecedented demand of several forms of personal protective equipment (PPE) for HCWs leading to possible acute shortage of these equipment. This has paved way for development of local innovative PPEs. Objective: To test feasibility of a low cost, indigenous three-in-one face protective gear (FPG) in HCWs of a neonatal unit of a tertiary care institute in northern India. Methodology: A three-in-one FPG was developed using the commonly available items in a ward or intensive care and few trash items. Items used were sterile surgical sheet, cling wrap piece/transparency sheet, cover of umbilical catheter/any sterile hollow plastic pipe, or straw and adhesive tape. The FPG was tested in 17 HCWs regarding its ease to use, comfort, and feasibility with the help of questionnaire. Results: A total of 17 HCWs participated in this study. Majority (10, 58.8%) were doctors. Eight (47%) participants have never used any form of PPE previously. Thirteen (76.4%) participants found the FPG comfortable to wear; 12 (70.5%) found it comfortable to wear up to 8 h. Three HCWs found it difficult to work when wear the FPG; 1 out of 3 found it suffocating. Conclusion: Three-in-one FPG is an indigenous, low cost, and may be a feasible alternative in low-risk situations when there is scarcity of conventional protective equipment.

scholarly journals Different Charging Strategies for Electric Vehicle Fleets in Urban Freight Transport

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13080
Author(s):  
Bram Kin ◽  
Meike Hopman ◽  
Hans Quak
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Urban Freight ◽  
Personnel Costs ◽  
Urban Freight Transport ◽  
Feasible Alternative ◽  
Reservation System ◽  
Operational Constraints ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Charging Strategy

The transition from diesel-driven urban freight transport towards more electric urban freight transport turns out to be challenging in practice. A major concern for transport operators is how to find a reliable charging strategy for a larger electric vehicle fleet that provides flexibility based on different daily mission profiles within that fleet, while also minimizing costs. This contribution assesses the trade-off between a large battery pack and opportunity charging with regard to costs and operational constraints. Based on a case study with 39 electric freight vehicles that have been used by a parcel delivery company and a courier company in daily operations for over a year, various scenarios have been analyzed by means of a TCO analysis. Although a large battery allows for more flexibility in planning, opportunity charging can provide a feasible alternative, especially in the case of varying mission profiles. Additional personnel costs during opportunity charging can be avoided as much as possible by a well-integrated charging strategy, which can be realized by a reservation system that minimizes the risk of occupied charging stations and a dense network of charging stations.

Comprehensive Analysis of C.I. Engine Fueled with Methyl Esters of Karanja Oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 532 ◽  
pp. 491-495
Author(s):  
R. Sarala ◽  
M. Rajendran ◽  
B Sutharson
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Significant Modification ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Karanja Oil ◽  
Petroleum Fuels

Recent concerns over the environment, increasing fuel prices and scarcity of its supply have promoted the interest in development of the alternative sources for petroleum fuels. The methyl esters of vegetable oils, known as biodiesel are becoming increasingly popular because of their low environmental impact and potential as a green alternative fuel for diesel engine and they would not require significant modification of existing engine hardware. Methyl ester of Karanja (KME) derived through transesterification process. Experimental investigations have been carried out to examine properties, performance and emissions of different blends ( KB10,KB20, KB30, KB40 and KB50) of KME. However, its diesel blends showed reasonable efficiencies, lower smoke, CO and HC.

scholarly journals Engineering economic analysis of meliponiculture in Malaysia considering current market price

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 04005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firdaus Basrawi ◽  
Asnul Hadi Ahmad ◽  
Daing Mohamad Nafiz Daing Idris ◽  
Mohd Rashidi Maarof Maarof ◽  
MRR Chand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Current Market Price

Environmental, Energetic and Economic Analysis about the Energy Source for a Vehicle with Typical Portuguese Urban Use

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
André M. Dias ◽  
João C.S.S. Barros ◽  
Luís M.V. Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Hybrid Vehicle ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Economical Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The main motivation for the present work was the idea to project and build a car, with a hybrid source of power, based on an electric engine, a group of batteries and a source of energy that can be a combustion engine with an electric generator, a fuel-cell or other. The main use of this vehicle was on an urban circuit, but allowing it to make broader circuits. The purpose of this task was to select, with a sustained study, what are the solutions for the source of energy for that kind of vehicle, considering the environmental, energetic and economical perspectives. The main project idea was to make a hybrid vehicle, with a higher autonomy than a simple electric vehicle, with a lower consumption as possible, and as cleaner and quiet as an electric vehicle can be. With this idea in mind, the future user can have an economic vehicle, with lower pollution emissions which can be used also in other voyages, because it has higher autonomy and can be refuelled more easily. In order to achieve the objectives of this work, it was made a research about the life cycle impacts considering several possible energetic choices. Based in three different international studies it was tried to make the proper connection to the Portuguese reality. This involved the extrapolation of the results obtained for other possibilities not mentioned as, for instance, the impact of the electricity production, based in the Portuguese data. For the energetic analysis, several scenarios were made, based on the higher heating value of the different fuels possibilities and on the thermal efficiency of different technologic arrangements. It was made a consumption determination, and a comparative analysis could be done for the several hypotheses that were at stake. Assuming a typical urban vehicle, with places for four persons, and taking into account the actual vehicles reality, the determination of the fuel consumption of that kind of vehicle were made, with similar weight and dimensions characteristics. This evaluation gives the total energy necessary for a vehicle of this kind and the percentage of electric energy that can be saved and also the percentage that has to be used. This can give the quantity of energy that has to be produced to assure that the car can move in urban and extra-urban typical journeys. Considering the energy consumption and how much it costs and the market price for engines, it is possible to make an economical analysis for the several possibilities. Taken into account the several results obtained, for the different choices that were object of the present study, it could be concluded about the choice for better source of energy to generate electric energy for propulsion to the hybrid vehicle.

AHP in the Evaluation of Power Enterprise Assets

2012 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 1052-1055
Author(s):  
Cui Fang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Trading Behavior ◽  
Asset Valuation ◽  
Constructed Response ◽  
Ahp Model ◽  
Power Enterprise ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Timber Market ◽  
Current Market Price

The Power Enterprise asset valuation is usually the market price at market in the current market price down algorithm or method, as im of China's timber market, trading behavior is not very standardized, resulting in the use of market price of Evaluating the value out of Power Enterprise asset valuation, can not be objective and realistic response to the full value of Power Enterprise assets. This article will introduce AHP Power Enterprise asset valuation, the price of power species, Power Enterprise by constructing the AHP model, constructed response relationship between the various levels of indicators to determine the weight matrix to determine the lowest level of index membership, the calculation method to determine the individual materials species, the average price of a Power Enterprise assets, significantly improving the effectiveness and reliability of assessment.

Regulatory and Legal Provision of Alternative Sources of Energy as a Component of the Energy Sector of the Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Vyshnevska ◽  
Viktor Ladychenko ◽  
Olena Ulіutina ◽  
Juliia Kanaryk ◽  
Svitlana Movchun
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
The Military ◽  
Autonomous Republic ◽  
Secondary Causes

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of regulatory and legal support of alternative energy sources as a component of the energy sector of the economy. It is proved that the military actions in Donbass, the temporary occupation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the global pandemic caused by the coronavirus and a number of secondary causes were the result of the first manifestations of the economic crisis in Ukraine. It is concluded that it is important for Ukraine now to provide state support to electricity producers from alternative energy sources on a competitive basis, namely through auctions and tenders.

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