Physical and technical aspects of the technology of energysaving drying of wood in chambers with natural circulation of the agent

Abstract The problems of energy saving are one of the most urgent problems of modern industry and timber processing is no exception in this. In all wood processing, wood drying stands out for its energy consumption. A possible direction for significantly reducing the energy intensity of wood drying is the use of modes based on the phenomenon of thermal and moisture conductivity in chambers with a natural circulation of the drying agent. The theoretical and experimental studies carried out by the authors made it possible to create a wood drying technology that reduces the energy consumption of the process by 40-45% with a certain (15-17 %) loss in the productivity of drying equipment compared to chambers operating with forced circulation of the drying agent.

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Research of extrusion’s process of feed-stuff for fish

Vestnik of Kazan state agrarin university ◽

10.12737/6503 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 95-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Рудой ◽

Dmitriy Rudoy

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Specific Energy ◽

Energy Intensity ◽

Specific Energy Consumption ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Screw Extruder ◽

Temperature And Humidity

This article discusses a study of extrusion’s process of feed-stuff for fish on the developed two-screw extruder. The main technological requirements of fodder-stuff for fish was determined. The results of experimental studies were described, the relation of the specific energy consumption of the temperature and humidity of feed-stuff was defined. The obtained results show that the specific energy intensity of the two-screw extruder is lower than with other devices for the production of fodder-stuff for fish.

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Optimization of forced circulation to natural circulation transition characteristics of IPWR

Annals of Nuclear Energy ◽

10.1016/j.anucene.2021.108249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 157 ◽

pp. 108249

Author(s):

Yifan Xu ◽

Minjun Peng ◽

Genglei Xia ◽

He Shang

Keyword(s):

Natural Circulation ◽

Forced Circulation

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Threshold Effect of Economic Growth on Energy Intensity—Evidence from 21 Developed Countries

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14144199 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (14) ◽

pp. 4199

Author(s):

Jinjin Zhou ◽

Zenglin Ma ◽

Taoyuan Wei ◽

Chang Li

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Urban Population ◽

Energy Intensity ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Renewable Energy Consumption ◽

Tertiary Industry ◽

D Investment ◽

Threshold Point

Based on threshold regression models, this paper analyzes the effect of economic growth on energy intensity by using panel data from 21 developed countries from 1996 to 2015. Results show that a 1% increase in GDP per capita can lead to a 0.62–0.78% reduction in energy intensity, implying economic growth can significantly reduce energy intensity. The extent of the reduction in energy intensity varies depending on the economic development stages represented by key influencing factors including energy mix in consumption, urbanization, industrial structure, and technological progress. Specifically, the reduction in energy intensity due to economic growth can be enhanced with relatively more renewable energy consumption and more urban population until a threshold point, where the enhancement disappears. On the other hand, the extent of the energy intensity reduction due to economic growth can be weakened with relatively more tertiary industry activities and more research and development (R&D) investment in an economy until a threshold point, where the weakening cannot continue. However, compared to the early stages represented by the low ends of renewable energy consumption, urban population, tertiary industry activities, and R&D investment, the later stages represented by the high ends of these key factors after a threshold show the weakened effect of economic growth on the decline of energy intensity. Hence, when an economy is well-developed, policy makers are advised to put fewer expectations on the role of economic growth to reduce energy intensity, while pursuing relatively cleaner energy, greater urbanization, more tertiary industry activities, and advanced technologies.

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Energy Consumption Analysis and Characterization of Healthcare Facilities in the United States

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12193775 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (19) ◽

pp. 3775 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Khaled Bawaneh ◽

Farnaz Ghazi Nezami ◽

Md. Rasheduzzaman ◽

Brad Deken

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Energy Intensity ◽

The United States ◽

High Energy ◽

Total Energy Consumption ◽

Healthcare Facilities ◽

Energy Consumption Analysis ◽

Consumption Data ◽

End Use

Healthcare facilities in the United States account for 4.8% of the total area in the commercial sector and are responsible for 10.3% of total energy consumption in this sector. The number of healthcare facilities increased by 22% since 2003, leading to a 21% rise in energy consumption and an 8% reduction in energy intensity per unit of area (544.8 kWh/m2). This study provides an analytical overview of the end-use energy consumption data in healthcare systems for hospitals in the United States. The energy intensity of the U.S. hospitals ranges from 640.7 kWh/m2 in Zone 5 (very hot) to 781.1 kWh/m2 in Zone 1 (very cold), with an average of 738.5 kWh/m2. This is approximately 2.6 times higher than that of other commercial buildings. High energy intensity in the healthcare facilities, particularly in hospitals, along with energy costs and associated environmental concerns make energy analysis crucial for this type of facility. The proposed analysis shows that U.S. healthcare facilities have higher energy intensity than those of most other countries, especially the European ones. This necessitates the adoption of more energy-efficient approaches to the infrastructure and the management of healthcare facilities in the United States.

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Decomposition of energy consumption and energy intensity in Indian manufacturing industries

Energy for Sustainable Development ◽

10.1016/j.esd.2009.12.001 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 35-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

B. Sudhakara Reddy ◽

Binay Kumar Ray

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Energy Intensity ◽

Manufacturing Industries

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On the question of the appointment of separate parameters of the roadheaders gathering-stars loading organs

Горная промышленность ◽

10.30686/1609-9192-2021-5-90-93 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 90-93

Author(s):

N.B. Afonina ◽

A.V. Otrokov ◽

G.Sh. Khazanovich

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

The Other ◽

Dynamic Loads ◽

Selective Action ◽

Side Edge ◽

Fluidized State ◽

High Dynamic ◽

Loading Devices

Most modern roadheaders of selective action are equipped with loading devices with gathering-stars, which have a simpler drive design and increased reliability. As a result of the experimental studies carried out at SRSPU (NPI), it was found that under certain conditions, it is possible to transfer large lump material of a pile into a fluidized state, which reduces the energy consumption of material loading. An increase in the number of beams of the gathering-stars reduces the influence of the other parameters of the loader. Analysis of the process of interaction of the gathering-star’s beam with the receiving conveyor’s side edge to avoid jamming of the picking gathering-star by a lump of material with the implementation of high dynamic loads, it is necessary to set the gathering-beams at an angle of at least 60 degrees against rotation.

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Impact of urbanization on per capita energy use and emissions in India

International Journal of Energy Sector Management ◽

10.1108/ijesm-01-2021-0010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Stuti Haldar ◽

Gautam Sharma

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Population Density ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Energy Use ◽

Energy Intensity ◽

Series Data ◽

Content Type ◽

Per Capita

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of urbanization on per capita energy consumption and emissions in India. Design/methodology/approach The present study analyses the effects of urbanization on energy consumption patterns by using the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology in India. Time series data from the period of 1960 to 2015 has been considered for the analysis. Variables including Population, GDP per capita, Energy intensity, share of industry in GDP, share of Services in GDP, total energy use and urbanization from World Bank data sources have been used for investigating the relationship between urbanization, affluence and energy use. Findings Energy demand is positively related to affluence (economic growth). Further the results of the analysis also suggest that, as urbanization, GDP and population are bound to increase in the future, consequently resulting in increased carbon dioxide emissions caused by increased energy demand and consumption. Thus, reducing the energy intensity is key to energy security and lower carbon dioxide emissions for India. Research limitations/implications The study will have important policy implications for India’s energy sector transition toward non- conventional, clean energy sources in the wake of growing share of its population residing in urban spaces. Originality/value There are limited number of studies considering the impacts of population density on per capita energy use. So this study also contributes methodologically by establishing per capita energy use as a function of population density and technology (i.e. growth rates of industrial and service sector).

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Gas Turbine Heat Recovery Steam Generators for Combined Cycles Natural or Forced Circulation Considerations

Volume 4: Heat Transfer; Electric Power; Industrial and Cogeneration ◽

10.1115/88-gt-142 ◽

1988 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Akber Pasha

Keyword(s):

Gas Turbine ◽

Steam Generator ◽

Heat Recovery ◽

Power Plants ◽

Natural Circulation ◽

Combined Cycle ◽

Heat Recovery Steam Generator ◽

Steam Generators ◽

Forced Circulation ◽

Gas Turbine Exhaust

In recent years the combined cycle has become a very attractive power plant arrangement because of its high cycle efficiency, short order-to-on-line time and flexibility in the sizing when compared to conventional steam power plants. However, optimization of the cycle and selection of combined cycle equipment has become more complex because the three major components, Gas Turbine, Heat Recovery Steam Generator and Steam Turbine, are often designed and built by different manufacturers. Heat Recovery Steam Generators are classified into two major categories — 1) Natural Circulation and 2) Forced Circulation. Both circulation designs have certain advantages, disadvantages and limitations. This paper analyzes various factors including; availability, start-up, gas turbine exhaust conditions, reliability, space requirements, etc., which are affected by the type of circulation and which in turn affect the design, price and performance of the Heat Recovery Steam Generator. Modern trends around the world are discussed and conclusions are drawn as to the best type of circulation for a Heat Recovery Steam Generator for combined cycle application.

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