scholarly journals Flicker in the Networks with Distributed Generation Plants and Its Removal Using Group Prognostic Controller

2021 ◽  
Vol 2096 (1) ◽  
pp. 012092
Author(s):  
Yu N Bulatov ◽  
A V Kryukov ◽  
K V Suslov
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
Temporary Connection ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Forecast Time

Abstract The use of distributed generation (DG) plants in electrical energy system (EES) produces unambiguous effect on power quality. The presence of DG plants allows to reduce losses associated with power transmission and maintain the required voltage levels. In this case, the presence of DG can cause voltage fluctuation, leading to the appearance of flicker, which is understood as a feeling of instability of visual perception. Similar processes can occur at sharp disturbances close proximity to the DG. The situation can be aggravated by improperly configured DG generators controllers. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an accurate assessment of the DG plants impact on the power grid, which is a rather time consuming task. The article presents results of the EES working modes simulation with a DG plant implemented on the basis of synchronous turbine generators. The results obtained indicated that during temporary connection of heavy load in the connection unit of DG plant and the use of non-concordantly tuned controllers, there are fluctuations in rotor speed and voltage of generators, the analysis of which indicates the presence of flicker. The same effect can obtained a sudden change in the forecast time for individual controllers of turbine generators speed. Flicker can be removed by applying group control of generators speed controllers.

scholarly journals Wireless Transmission of Solar Power

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 3009-3017
Author(s):  
Ajay Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Wireless Transmission ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Wireless Power Transmission ◽  
Nikola Tesla

The Solar Power Satellite (SPS) is an energy system that collects solar energy in the upper atmosphere and transfers it to the ground. It has been seen as one of the best ways to alleviate the problem of future electricity needs. In the times to come, wireless power transmission will be used as it requires less maintenance and numerous other benefits. Solar energy is used for wireless power transmission. The wireless transmission concept was first realized by Nikola Tesla. Wireless transmission can bring about a noticeable change in the field of electrical engineering, which can lead to the fact that traditional copper wire is no longer used. For this project we used renewable energy as a source for wireless energy transmission. The DC output voltage of the solar cell is increased with a step-up converter and converted into oscillating signals. These oscillating signals are amplified via an amplifier and then supplied to the transmitting coil. By operating at the resonant frequency and achieving good coupling between the transmitter and receiver coils, electrical energy is transmitted between the transmitter and receiver due to the Magnetic resonance.

Study of the operation of an artificial neural network that works in the electric network in order to prevent emergency conditions.

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
D. Ostrenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Electric Networks ◽  
Electric Network ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
Emergency Situations

Emergency modes in electrical networks, arising for various reasons, lead to a break in the transmission of electrical energy on the way from the generating facility to the consumer. In most cases, such time breaks are unacceptable (the degree depends on the class of the consumer). Therefore, an effective solution is to both deal with the consequences, use emergency input of the reserve, and prevent these emergency situations by predicting events in the electric network. After analyzing the source [1], it was concluded that there are several methods for performing the forecast of emergency situations in electric networks. It can be: technical analysis, operational data processing (or online analytical processing), nonlinear regression methods. However, it is neural networks that have received the greatest application for solving these tasks. In this paper, we analyze existing neural networks used to predict processes in electrical systems, analyze the learning algorithm, and propose a new method for using neural networks to predict in electrical networks. Prognostication in electrical engineering plays a key role in shaping the balance of electricity in the grid, influencing the choice of mode parameters and estimated electrical loads. The balance of generation of electricity is the basis of technological stability of the energy system, its violation affects the quality of electricity (there are frequency and voltage jumps in the network), which reduces the efficiency of the equipment. Also, the correct forecast allows to ensure the optimal load distribution between the objects of the grid. According to the experience of [2], different methods are usually used for forecasting electricity consumption and building customer profiles, usually based on the analysis of the time dynamics of electricity consumption and its factors, the identification of statistical relationships between features and the construction of models.

Optimization approach for planning hybrid electrical energy system: a Brazilian case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Kitamura ◽  
K. P. Rocha ◽  
L. W. Oliveira ◽  
J. G. Oliveira ◽  
B. H. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
System A ◽  
Brazilian Case

Hydrogen Storage in Magnesium-Based Alloys

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.B. Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Liquid Hydrogen ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Oil Crisis

Magnesium can reversibly store about 7.7 wt% hydrogen, equivalent to more than twice the density of liquid hydrogen. This high storage capacity, coupled with a low price, suggests that magnesium and magnesium alloys could be advantageous for use in battery electrodes and gaseous-hydrogen storage systems. The use of a hydrogen-storage medium based on magnesium, combined with a fuel cell to convert the hydrogen into electrical energy, is an attractive proposition for a clean transportation system. However, the advent of such a system will require further research into magnesium-based alloys that form less stable hydrides and proton-conducting membranes that can raise the operating temperature of the current fuel cells.Following the U.S. oil crisis of 1974, research into alternative energy-storage and distribution systems was vigorously pursued. The controlled oxidation of hydrogen to form water was proposed as a clean energy system, creating a need for light and safe hydrogen-storage media. Extensive research was done on inter-metallic alloys, which can store hydrogen at densities of about 1500 cm3-H2 gas/ cm3-hydride, higher than the storage density achieved in liquid hydrogen (784 cm3/cm3 at –273°C) or in pressure tanks (˜200 cm3/cm3 at 200 atm). The interest in metal hydrides accelerated following the development of portable electronic devices (video cameras, cellular phones, laptop computers, tools, etc.), which created a consumer market for compact, rechargeable batteries. Initially, nickel-cadmium batteries fulfilled this need, but their relatively low energy density and the toxicity of cadmium helped to drive the development of higher-energy-density, less toxic, rechargeable batteries.

A Novel FACTS Based (DDSC) Compensator for Power-Quality Enhancement of L.V. Distribution Feeder with a Dispersed Wind Generator

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel M Sharaf ◽  
Khaled Mohamed Abo-Al-Ez
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Quality Enhancement ◽  
Wind Generator ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

In a deregulated electric service environment, an effective electric transmission and distribution networks are vital to the competitive environment of reliable electric service. Power quality (PQ) is an item of steadily increasing concern in power transmission and distribution. The traditional approach to overcoming capacity and quality limitations in power transmission and distribution in many cases is the addition of new transmission and/or generating capacity. This, however, may not be practicable or desirable in the real case, for many of reasons. From technical, economical and environmental points of view, there are two important - and most of the time combined - alternatives for building new transmission or distribution networks to enhance the transmission system capacity, and power quality: the Flexible alternating current transmission devices and controllers, and the distributed generation resources near the load centers. The connection of distributed generation to the distribution grid may influence the stability of the power system, i.e. angle, frequency and voltage stability. It might also have an impact on the protection selectivity, and the frequency and voltage control in the system. This paper presents a low cost FACTS based Dynamic Distribution System Compensator (DDSC) scheme for voltage stabilization and power transfer and quality enhancement of the distribution feeders connected to a dispersed wind generator, using MATLAB/ SimPower System simulation tool.

The Compensation Research of Contactless Electrical Energy Transmission System

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Ke Huang ◽  
Zhi Yong Liang ◽  
Li Ping Zhang ◽  
Le Lu
Keyword(s):  
Circuit Design ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Transmission Power ◽  
Transmission Performance ◽  
Energy Transmission ◽  
Loosely Coupled ◽  
Maximum Transmission Power ◽  
Maximum Transmission ◽  
Transmission Ability

Contactless electrical energy transmission (CEET) system realizes power transmission with no electrical or physical connection by the perfect combination of inductive coupling technique and electronics. This paper studies the characteristics of the CEET system based on the loosely coupled transformer mathematical model, then analyses the power transmission performance and its changing rules in different compensation topologies. We can get the parameter requirements when the load obtains the maximum transmission power from these studies. This work can provide reference to optimize the circuit design and promote the power transmission ability for the CEET system.

scholarly journals Calculations, norming and reducing of electrical energy losses in city electrical networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
A. V. Lykin ◽  
E. A. Utkin
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Demand Curve ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Electrical Networks

The article considers the feasibility of changing the structure of a distribution electrical network by transferring points of electricity transformation as close to consumers as possible. This approach is based on installation of pole-mounted transformer substations (PMTS) near consumer groups and changes the topology of the electrical network. At the same time, for groups of consumers, the configuration of sections of the low-voltage network, including service drops, changes. The efficiency of approaching transformer substations to consumers was estimated by the reduction in electrical energy losses due to the expansion of the high-voltage network. The calculation of electrical losses was carried out according to twenty-four hour consumer demand curve. To estimate the power losses in each section of the electrical network of high and low voltage, the calculated expressions were obtained. For the considered example, the electrical energy losses in the whole network with a modified topology is reduced by about two times, while in a high-voltage network with the same transmitted power, the losses are reduced to a practically insignificant level, and in installed PMTS transformers they increase mainly due to the rise in total idle losses. The payback period of additional capital investments in option with modified topology will be significantly greater if payback is assessed only by saving losses cost. Consequently, the determination of the feasibility of applying this approach should be carried out taking into account such factors as increasing the reliability of electricity supply, improving the quality of electricity, and increasing the power transmission capacity of the main part of electrical network.

scholarly journals Development of the wave method of calculation operational parameters of a double-circuit power transmission line with known values of output voltages and currents at the end of the line

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
G. A. Bolshanin ◽  
M. P. Plotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Transmission Line ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Power Transmission Line ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Reflected Waves

Electrical energy from the place of its generation is transmitted to consumers of various capacities. The distance from the source of electrical energy to the consumer can vary from several meters to several thousand kilometers. In this regard, the accurate determination of the operating parameters of the power transmission line (PTL) is a mandatory and necessary condition for the PTL normal functioning. In the current-carrying parts of the double-circuit PTL there are six incident and six reflected waves of the electromagnetic field. They determine voltages and currents. A scheme is proposed for the distribution of these waves along linear wires of a homogeneous section of a double-circuit PTL. This scheme shows that the current-carrying parts of the adjacent wires have a significant impact on voltages and currents in one wire. This scheme illustrates the distribution of the amplitude values of electromagnetic field waves, defined as the integration constant. Using the integration constants, the propagation constants of electromagnetic waves along the linear wires of the PTL and the corresponding wave impedances, one can obtain the amplitude values of the incident and reflected waves at any point of the double- circuit PTL, and hence the currents and voltages in the double-circuit PTL. The article presents a method for determining the currents and voltages in a double-circuit PTL according to the load. The proposed method will allow determining the qualitative and quantitative indicators of electrical energy (induced voltage) appearing from each wire separately and provide the possibility of their elimination, which will improve the quality of electrical energy.

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