scholarly journals The Effect of Electric Field on the Explosive Sensitivity of Silver Azide

2017 ◽  
Vol 830 ◽  
pp. 012131 ◽  
Author(s):  
A P Rodzevich ◽  
E G Gazenaur ◽  
L V Kuzmina ◽  
V I Krasheninin ◽  
N V Gazenaur
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Silver Azide ◽  
Explosive Sensitivity

The Polarization of Silver Azide in Electric Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 1040 ◽  
pp. 744-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. Rodzevich ◽  
E.G. Gazenaur ◽  
L.V. Kuzmina ◽  
V.I. Krasheninin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Intermediate Product ◽  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Polarization Field ◽  
Silver Azide ◽  
Explosive Sensitivity

The experimental results show that the relative permittivity in the threadlike silver azide crystals changes under the influence of the polarization field (10-3 ÷ 103 V/m). An amount of the formed intermediate product at a weak noncontact electric field decreases significantly that allows assuming that polarization influences primarily, at the stage of formation of the silver azide decomposition intermediate. The polarization in a constant noncontact electric field may be regarded as a control method of explosive sensitivity.

The Effect of Additionally Introduced Impurities of Fe and Pb Ions on Silver Azide Decomposition

2017 ◽  
Vol 736 ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
A.P. Rodzevich ◽  
L.V. Kuzmina ◽  
E.G. Gazenauer ◽  
V.I. Krasheninin ◽  
D.Yu. Sozinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Explosive Decomposition ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Silver Azide ◽  
Equilibrium Charge ◽  
Stop Watch ◽  
Pb Ions ◽  
Slow Decomposition

The experiments have emphasized that additionally introduced impurities of Fe and Pb ions are relevant to the initiation of slow and explosive decomposition of silver azide crystals by the external electric field and UV irradiation. External gas release was used for research purpose. Test-sensitivity is 10−12 mole. Time-to-explosion was measured by a stop watch. It’s been found out that the reaction of slow decomposition in silver azide under the action of electric field turns into explosion faster in samples with the additionally introduced impurities. The samples with additionally introduced Fe are the most explosive ones (time-to-explosion 3 minutes). The authors have assumed that external influence can generate non-equilibrium charge carriers (holes), which become localized on cationic vacancies and support formation of reactive sites. As soon as cut off concentration of these sites is reached, the solid-phase chain reaction turns into explosion. The growing concentration of impurity influences on the number of reactive sites, making their concentration critical. In view of the results obtained in experiments a procedure for monitoring the decomposition of crystals is suggested, which necessitates additional introduction of Fe and Pb ions.

The explosion of silver azide in an electric field

1958 ◽  
Vol 246 (1245) ◽  
pp. 197-199 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Applied Field ◽  
Constant Field ◽  
Silver Azide ◽  
Self Heating ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
Preliminary Study

Recently McLaren & Rogers (1957) reported that silver azide could be made to explode if placed between two electrodes and an electric field of ca . 250 V/cm applied. In an attempt to determine the nature of the process of the initiation of explosion, a preliminary study of the conductivity of single crystals of silver azide has been made. The current has been measured as a function of time for a constant field, and as a function of field strength at temperatures from 50 °C down to -100 °C. Measurements have also been made of the time to explosion as a function of the frequency of the applied field. The results suggest that the breakdown is due to field emission from the cathode, and that electrons may enter the crystal with sufficient energy to produce decomposition, followed by self-heating and explosion.

Decomposition of silver azide crystals in a constant electric field

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1097-1100
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Zakharov ◽  
V. I. Krasheninin ◽  
A. P. Rodzevich ◽  
L. S. Nesteryuk
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Constant Electric Field ◽  
Silver Azide

Resolution in photoelectron microscopy

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
G. F. Rempfer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Uniform Field ◽  
Virtual Image ◽  
Lens System ◽  
Photoemission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Planar Electrode ◽  
Electron Lens ◽  
Photoemission Electron

In photoelectron microscopy (PEM), also called photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM), the image is formed by electrons which have been liberated from the specimen by ultraviolet light. The electrons are accelerated by an electric field before being imaged by an electron lens system. The specimen is supported on a planar electrode (or the electrode itself may be the specimen), and the accelerating field is applied between the specimen, which serves as the cathode, and an anode. The accelerating field is essentially uniform except for microfields near the surface of the specimen and a diverging field near the anode aperture. The uniform field forms a virtual image of the specimen (virtual specimen) at unit lateral magnification, approximately twice as far from the anode as is the specimen. The diverging field at the anode aperture in turn forms a virtual image of the virtual specimen at magnification 2/3, at a distance from the anode of 4/3 the specimen distance. This demagnified virtual image is the object for the objective stage of the lens system.

Field-assisted ionization theory for microscopists

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 820-821
Author(s):  
Patrick P. Camus
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electron Tunneling ◽  
Ionization Probability ◽  
Critical Distance ◽  
Tunneling Probability ◽  
Field Ionization ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Field Evaporation ◽  
A Value ◽  
Ion Emission

The theory of field ion emission is the study of electron tunneling probability enhanced by the application of a high electric field. At subnanometer distances and kilovolt potentials, the probability of tunneling of electrons increases markedly. Field ionization of gas atoms produce atomic resolution images of the surface of the specimen, while field evaporation of surface atoms sections the specimen. Details of emission theory may be found in monographs.Field ionization (FI) is the phenomena whereby an electric field assists in the ionization of gas atoms via tunneling. The tunneling probability is a maximum at a critical distance above the surface,xc, Fig. 1. Energy is required to ionize the gas atom at xc, I, but at a value reduced by the appliedelectric field, xcFe, while energy is recovered by placing the electron in the specimen, φ. The highest ionization probability occurs for those regions on the specimen that have the highest local electric field. Those atoms which protrude from the average surfacehave the smallest radius of curvature, the highest field and therefore produce the highest ionizationprobability and brightest spots on the imaging screen, Fig. 2. This technique is called field ion microscopy (FIM).

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