scholarly journals The conservation of ecosystem and biological diversity in Alakol Biosphere Reserve (East Kazakhstan)

Author(s):  
R Jashenko ◽  
E Maltseva ◽  
V Ilina
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Sahagún-Sánchez ◽  
José Arturo De-Nova

Abstract: Studies on biological diversity are essential to generate baseline information in natural protected areas. In the present study, we developed a multi-taxonomic inventory in the Sierra del Abra Tanchipa Biosphere Reserve, located northeast of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Systematic samplings were performed between January 2017 to May 2018, for the taxonomic groups of flora, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. A total of 3 730 records of 683 species were obtained, corresponding to 427 species of flora, 10 of amphibians, 20 of reptiles, 192 of birds, and 34 of mammals, from which 47 species are threatened. The results obtained represent the critical biodiversity that can be found in this natural protected area. The information will be useful for decision-making on the management and conservation of biodiversity in the Sierra Madre Oriental’s ecological corridor.


2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (70) ◽  
Author(s):  
José García Gómez ◽  
Erika Chávez Nungaray

Las prácticas humanas irracionales sobre el medio ambiente hacen indispensable implementar medidas de protección, como la Reserva de la Biosfera del Alto Golfo de California y Delta del Río Colorado, para preservar el entorno natural y los hábitats, y así favorecer la diversidad biológica. En este trabajo se buscó determinar el soporte económico local, a través de la valoración de la vaquita marina, especie endémica en peligro de extinción que habita en la reserva, y también divulgar el proceso analítico en red, una metodología de valoración poco utilizada en el tema ambiental, que incorpora apropiadamente las interrelaciones en un esquema sistémico. El resultado arrojó que para proteger a la especie se requieren recursos adicionales a los poco más de dos millones setecientos cincuenta mil dólares estadounidenses al año, que es el valor de la vaquita. Para realizar el estudio no se contó con datos más amplios respecto a las actividades productivas en la zona, las implicaciones socioeconómicas de pesca y su impacto en la diversidad biológica. La originalidad y el valor de este trabajo radican en la metodología empleada y la interrelación que provee para el análisis. Economic valuation for the socio-environmental protection of the vaquita porpoise, an endemic speciesThe impact of irrational human practices on the environment makes it indispensable to implement measures, such as the Upper Gulf of California and Colorado River Delta Biosphere Reserve, in order to preserve the natural environment and habitats, and thus to promote biological diversity. The aim of this paper was to determine the local economic support through valuation of the vaquita porpoise, an endangered endemic species that lives in the reserve, as well as to disseminate the analytic network process, a valuation methodology little used in the environmental issue and which appropriately integrates interrelations into a systemic scheme. The result showed that for the purpose of giving protection to the species, resources additional to the little more than two million seven hundred and fifty thousand American dollars a year, which is the vaquita porpoise’s value, are needed. In carrying out this study, more comprehensive data concerning productive activities in the area, socio-economic implications of fishing and its impact on biological diversity were not available. This paper’s originality and value lie in the methodology used and the interrelation it offers for analysis.


1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Batisse

On the basis of the results of the First International Biosphere Reserve Congress, jointly convened in Minsk in 1983 by UNESCO and UNEP in cooperation with FAO and IUCN, at the invitation of the USSR, and of consultations with conservation specialists and scientists which have since taken place, an Action Plan for Biosphere Reserves was adopted by the International Coordinating Council of the Programme on Man and the Biosphere at its eighth session (Paris, 3–8 December 1984) and is presented in this document as a programme framework. This framework identifies a range of actions for consideration by Governments and concerned international organizations in developing the multiple functions of Biosphere Reserves within the overall context of the MAB Programme. Those actions concretely serve the implementation of the World Conservation Strategy. While a number of actions are of a permanent nature, the stress is placed on activities which can be carried out in the period 1985–89—see the following Table.In summary, Governments and international organizations are invited to undertake activities which will improve and expand the international Biosphere Reserve network, to develop basic knowledge for conserving ecosystems and biological diversity, and to make Biosphere Reserves more effective in linking conservation and development in fulfilling the broad objectives of MAB.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-712
Author(s):  
E. V. Selezneva ◽  
I. N. Rotanova

Among the priority areas of international cooperation, environmental activities and the environmental imperative can be distinguished, which is directly reflected in the development of networks of specially protected natural areas (SPNA) of bordering countries, represented by various forms of organization of environmental institutions (biosphere reserves, nature reserves, national and natural parks, wildlife sanctuaries, etc.). International transboundary territories can often include objects of environmental protection and conservation of biological and landscape diversity of border regions, in particular, transboundary SPNA. The article deals with the organization of transboundary tourist areas in the Altai, including environmental institutions – transboundary conservation and tourist territories (TCTT). As an example, the transboundary biosphere reserve "Great Altai" on the basis of the State Natural Biosphere Reserve "Katunsky" (Russia, Altai Republic) and Katon-Karagay State National Natural Park (Kazakhstan, East-Kazakhstan region) is given. It is proposed to organize SPNA in the Russian-Kazakh border area of the Western Altai – Altai Krai (Russia) and East-Kazakhstan Region (Kazakhstan). Analyzed and evaluated the natural and tourist potential and protected areas of the region for the organization of SPNA in Western Altai.


2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00108
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Saraeva

The article presents a taxonomic analysis of the Daursky reserve’s flora. 634 species and subspecies of vascular plants (including 608 aboriginal and 30 adventive) have been identified, they belong to 290 genera and 74 families. The leading families amount to 476 species of aboriginal flora (75% of total number) and 149 genera (23 %). The taxonomic spectre is headed by the families Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Rosaceae, Cyperaceae. The most part of the species are of the genera Carex, Artemisia, Potentilla. The adventives flora includes 30 species from 22 genera and 15 families or 5% of the reserve’s flora composition. The largest number of species is registered in the families Chenopodiaceae and Poaceae. In the flora of the Daursky reserve 28 species of vascular plants are identified that are listed on the Red Books of the Russian Federation and Zabaikalsky krai. The area of the Daursky reserve (2% of the territory of Zabaikalsky krai) has a high level of biological diversity (it conserves 37% of the flora richness of Zabaikalsky krai), representativeness, special nature-protecting value and significance.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Steven Sevillano-Rios ◽  
Daniel Huamán ◽  
Javier Mendoza ◽  
Grecia Torres ◽  
Benjamin Minaya ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The Andes are recognized as center of biocultural and biological diversity that provide multiple ecosystem services threatened by different anthropogenic forces. Here, fires are widely used in agriculture and other traditional activities with the potential to become larger-scale, unmanageable “wildfires” and contribute to the degradation of both ecosystems and human livelihoods. In this study, we assess the temporal and spatial pattern of MODIS and VIIRS Active Fire Data (AFD) and their relationships to 9 environmental conditions and human activities across the three zones of the Huascaran Biosphere Reserve (HBR), Ancash, Peru between 2001 and 2020. Results Xeric climatic conditions seem to drive the temporal AFD pattern across and within years in the HBR. Across years, an oscillating increment of active fire alerts was evident, with years 2016 and especially 2020 displaying the highest AFD records of the two decades. Both correspond to years with the lowest mean annual precipitation. Seasonally, AFD also peaked at the end of the dry season (August and September), but AFD continue until late November of 2016 and 2020. The amount of people on the other hand, measured in terms of population and number of rural villages, is the main driver of where AFA occur, increasing along the limits of the Huascaran National Park (HNP) and the Buffer Zone (BZ) and in weakly controlled areas within the park. Conclusions We conclude that a combination of both, xeric conditions, and human pressures, seems to interact and produce high numbers of AFD along key Andean ecosystems like Puna grasslands and shrublands that are not ecologically adapted to this type of pressures. Land transformation and a limited capacity of control over key areas within the HNP seem to play an important role in where and when wildfires occur. Finally, although 2020 was an arid year, the covid-19 pandemic would have exacerbated the number of AFDs that occurred in the area, demonstrating that the effects of the pandemic go beyond health problems.


2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 780-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Guzmán-Cornejo ◽  
Angel Herrera-Mares ◽  
Ana Ugalde-Medina ◽  
Andrés M López-Pérez ◽  
Laura Del Castillo-Martínez ◽  
...  

Abstract The Chamela Biological Station (ChBS) is located in the Pacific Coast of Mexico in the State of Jalisco. This represents one of the core areas of the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, characterized by one of the most threatened ecosystems, the tropical dry forest. Although accumulated knowledge of biological diversity, only few studies have been focused on ectoparasites or ectodytes associated with mammals, only 23 arthropod taxa had been recorded. In order to increase knowledge about arthropods associated with Mexican mammals, the objective of this work was to record the richness of arthropods (mites, ticks, lice, and fleas) associated with small and medium-sized mammals in the ChBS. A total of 81 hosts belonging to four orders, six families and nine species were captured. From these hosts, 4,946 arthropods were recovered: 4,007 mites, 673 ticks, 230 lice, and 36 fleas. Among medium-sized mammals, Nasua narica (L.) and Didelphis virginiana Kerr showed the highest levels of richness, with six arthropod taxa; among rodents, Heteromys pictus (Thomas) had the highest number of associated species (five). Within the 22 arthropod taxa registered in the present work, 12 represent new records for the reserve, and 3 represent new records for Mexico. With this study, the arthropod fauna associated with mammals in the ChBS has been raised to 38 taxa. In terms of biological conservation, knowledge of the species that inhabit natural reserves must be a priority, since this represents the baseline for species protected, not only in Mexico but around the world.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gidey Yirga ◽  
Solomon Amare ◽  
Fikirte Gebresenbet ◽  
Hans H. De Iongh ◽  
Matthijs Vos ◽  
...  

AbstractEthiopia is renowned for its cultural and biological diversity and covers an important share of lion habitat in Africa, providing connectivity between East and Central Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of lions and human–lion conflict in several protected areas of Ethiopia and to present an overview on lion distribution nationally. We used call-ups and semi-structured interviews with 809 randomly selected pastoralists to investigate human–lion conflict and pastoralist perceptions towards lions in five priority sites and collected further anecdotal information for all other known or possible lion range. We had chance encounters with six lions, but we observed no lion responses to the call-ups. We recorded 145 spotted hyaena and 23 jackal responses at, respectively, 25 and 13 of the 46 call-up stations. Overall, respondents viewed lions as dangerous carnivores, but nonetheless responded that lions should be present regionally, preferably in restricted areas. Most respondents disagreed that the killing of lions should be allowed, but we note that a small minority strongly agreed to killing. A large majority of respondents agreed that more people need to be given information about lions. Respondents mentioned spotted hyaena and leopard as the main predators on all livestock followed by jackal (shoats) and lion (mainly cattle). The impact of depredation on livestock mortality was nearly twice that of disease. Our results strongly suggest that lion densities are low and may have substantially decreased in Awash, Nechisar, Chebera-Churchura, and Mago National Parks and in Kaffa Biosphere Reserve due to conflict, habitat loss and especially ineffective protection. Anecdotal information suggests that lions are widespread but rare and that there is no stronghold in Ethiopia. Considering the unique evolutionary background of Ethiopia as the bridge between Central and East African lion populations, and the significant role of the lion in Ethiopian history and culture, we argue that more emphasis should be given to the protection of prioritized lion populations.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Juan Cruzado ◽  
Jesús Pacheco ◽  
Gerardo Ceballos

ResumenLa lechuza de campanario (Tyto alba) es considerada el ave terrestre con la mayor distribución mundial, por lo tanto sus hábitos alimentarios presentan variaciones en toda su área de distribución, esta lechuza también se encuentra en México. En este artículo se revisaron un total de 307 egagrópilas de dos localidades, “Rancho Ojitos” y “Ampliación Casa de Janos”, ambas se encuentran dentro de la Reserva de la Biósfera Janos en Chihuahua. Se hallaron un total de 420 restos identificables de sus presas, los cuales están representados por 2 órdenes, 4 familias y 18 especies de pequeños mamíferos, “Rancho Ojitos” fue la única localidad donde se encontraron restos de aves que representaron el 2.4 % de la abundancia total. En las egagrópilas registradas y analizadas de la localidad de “Rancho Ojitos”, donde se encuentra la vegetación riparia y mezquite, se encontraron 250 huesos identificables que pertenecen a 17 especies y que muestran la presencia de restos óseos de roedores que tienen un peso menor a 10 gr, lo que representa el 49% de las presas. Mientras que en “Ampliación Casa de Janos”, donde se localiza la zona de pastizal, se encontraron 170 huesos identificables de 13 especies de roedores con un peso mayor a 50 gr que representan el 55% de las presas. La especie de ratón más consumida en ambos sitios fue el ratón de abazones (Perognathus flavus), que representa más del 20% del total. En el estudio paralelo para evaluar la diversidad y la abundancia en los mismos sitios se registró una menor diversidad, por lo que métodos alternativos como el análisis de las egagrópilas permiten tener un mayor conocimiento sobre la diversidad biológica de una región determinada, en especial sobre la presencia de ciertas especies que son crípticas y que por el modo de muestreo no logran ser registradas.Palabras clave: Egagrópilas, lechuza de campanario, Tyto alba, Reserva de la Biósfera Janos, Chihuahua.AbstractThe barn owl (Tyto alba) is considered the terrestrial bird with the largest distribution in the world, therefore its feeding habits vary throughout that range. This owl is also found in Mexico, so this article reviewed a total of 307 pellets in two locations, “Rancho Ojitos” and “Ampliación Casa de Janos”, both locations are within the Janos Biosphere Reserve in Chihuahua. A total of 420 identifiable remains of their prey were found, which are represented by 2 orders, 4 families and 18 species of small mammals. “Rancho Ojitos” was the only locality where remains of birds were found that represented 2.4% of total abundance. In the registered and analyzed pellets of the locality of “Rancho Ojitos”, where the riparian and mesquite vegetation are found, there were 250 identifiable bones that belong to 17 species and that show the presence of bony remains of rodents that have a lower weight than 10 gr, which represents 49% of the preys. While in “Ampliación Casa de Janos”, where the pastureland is located, 170 identifiable bones of 13 species of rodents with a weight greater than 50 gr representing 55% of the prey were found. The mouse species most consumed at both sites was the silky pocket mouse (Perognathus flavus), representing more than 20% of the total. In the parallel study to evaluate the diversity and abundance in the same sites, a lower diversity was registered, so alternative methods such as the analysis of the pellets allow to have a greater knowledge about the biological diversity of a determined region, especially about the presence of certain species that are cryptic and because of the sampling mode do not manage to be registered.Key words: Pellets, barn owl, Tyto alba, Janos Biosphere Reserve, Chihuahua.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document