Gall rust disease incidence of Falcata (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) in Falcata – based agroforestry systems in Misamis Oriental, Philippines

ABSTRACTSeasonal effect on the growth of Atelocauda digitata, the cause of rust disease on Acacia auriculiformis in Yogyakarta. The research was aimed to determine the growth of Atelocauda digitata which attacks Acacia auriculiformis in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta and determine the process of A. digitata infection on A. auriculiformis. Quantification of the presence of pathogen and the damage as part of tree health monitoring was represented by the percentage of disease incidence and severity, that was used as a benchmark of A. digitata dynamics. Pathogenic organisms were confirmed by pathogenicity test. The process of infection was studied microscopically and macroscopically. Percentage of disease incidence and severity of all three observation plots during the rainy and the dry season were dynamic, with the highest damage discovered in Plot 5. A. digitata infecting A. auriculiformis produces three types of spores, namely teliospores, uredospores and aeciospores. The hyphae infected the leaf tissue two days after inoculation through stomata. Intracellular hyphae were found five days after inoculation.

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Comparative Carbon Storage of Lanzones (Lansium domesticum) – fruit tree and Falcata (Paraserianthes falcataria) – forest tree based Agroforestry Systems

Annals of Tropical Research ◽

10.32945/atr3526.2013 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 88-107

Author(s):

Samuel Malayao ◽

Teodoro Mendoza

Keyword(s):

Forest Tree ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Fruit Tree ◽

Total Carbon ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Paraserianthes Falcataria ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Vegetation Stand ◽

Lansium Domesticum

Two agroforestry systems, a fruit tree-based with lanzones (Lansium domesticum) as dominant fruit tree and a forest tree-based with falcata (Paraserianthes falcataria) as dominant wood tree, were studied to compare their total carbon stocks in the above ground biomass (upperstorey and understorey), floor litters and soil and to determine any differences of soil organic carbon(SOC) in three soil depths: 0-30, 31-60 and 61-100 cm. Each site representing one agroforestry systems was grouped according to vegetation stand. For each vegetation stand, representative samples were taken from upper storey and under storey above ground biomass, floor litters and soil. Samples were analyzed for carbon content at International Rice Research Institute’s (IRRI) Analytical Service Laboratories(ASL), Los Baños, Laguna using Dumas Combustion Method. The SOC in the soil depths (0-30, 31-60 and 61-100 cm) did not vary significantly in the two agroforestry systems. The above ground upperstorey biomass had the most carbon followed by the carbon stored in the soil, then, above ground understorey biomass and lastly, floor litters. The above ground upperstorey biomass of the fruit tree-based agroforestry system had slightly higher carbon stock at 38.92 tC ha-1 compared with the forest tree-based agroforestry system at 34.66 tC ha-1 due to the lanzones fruit tress. The 4 – year old falcata-based agroforestry systems had higher annual C sequestration of 14 tC ha-1 yr-1 while the lanzones-based agroforestry system had 1.8 tC ha-1 yr-1. Nevertheless, whatever is the main tree component, agroforestry performs ecological services as in carbon sequestration and at the same time provides financial benefits.

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The Cause of Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) Damping-off Disease: Survey and Identification in Permanent Nursery, IPB University

Jurnal Sylva Lestari ◽

10.23960/jsl1832-41 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Yunik Istikorini ◽

Okta Yulia Sari

Keyword(s):

Disease Incidence ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Pathogenicity Test ◽

Open Area ◽

Damping Off ◽

Severe Damage ◽

Paraserianthes Falcataria ◽

Sampling Intensity ◽

Seed Decay ◽

Disease Survey

Damping-off generally occurs in seedlings that have just germinated. This disease can cause severe damage, decay, and seedling death. The research was aimed to compute disease incidence and severity of damping-off and to identify the causal of damping-off disease in Paraserianthes falcataria. The survey was examined by using scoring with a 10% sampling intensity. The identification of morphological characteristics was examined macroscopically and microscopically. The result showed that the disease incidence most frequently occurred on 5-month-old seedlings in an open area of 75,00%, and the lowest was on 3-month-old seedlings in an open area of 13,40%. The immense severity of the damping-off attack occurred on 3-month-old seedlings in the greenhouse area of 37,78%, and the lowest occurred on 3-month-old seedlings in an open area of 2,84%. The causal of damping-off disease on P. falcataria in Permanent Nursery of IPB University was Rhizoctonia sp. Pathogenicity test toward P. falcataria seed showed 100% of disease infection. Rhizoctonia sp. caused seed decay hence inhibited seed germination.Keywords: damping-off, Rhizoctonia sp., sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria)

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Integrated disease management to control gall rust disease on the seedling and sapling of Falcataria moluccana

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/914/1/012006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 914 (1) ◽

pp. 012006

Author(s):

N E Lelana ◽

U W Darmawan ◽

I Anggraeni ◽

F E Astanti ◽

M D Rosalinda

Keyword(s):

Disease Management ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Integrated Disease Management ◽

Control Methods ◽

Active Ingredients ◽

Rust Disease ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Positive Results ◽

Single Approach

Abstract Several control methods have been developed to control the disease caused by Uromycladium falcatariae. However, it is still used a single approach that may not receive satisfactory results. This study applied integrated disease management that consisted of physical, chemical, and biological approaches to reduce gall rust disease incidence. In the nursery, the control methods used were selecting nursery location, applying the biological agent Trichoderma sp, and regular spraying with fungicides. Meanwhile, after planting, the control methods used were regularly spraying with fungicides, pruning the infected tissues, and fertilizer application. Three active ingredients were used for fungicide application: tebuconazole, a mixture of azoxystrobin and difenoconazole, and tribasic copper sulfate. The result showed no gall rust disease incidence in the seedling until it was ready for planting (4 months old). In addition, the application also gave positive results on seedling growth performance compared to the control. After planting, the incidence of gall rust disease can be reduced between 16.5-32.5% when the saplings were three months old and 14.3-26.3% when the saplings were ten months old. Fungicide with the active ingredient, a mixture of azoxystrobin and difenoconazole, showed more effective protection against gall rust disease infection compared to other active ingredients.

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Effect of Austropuccinia psidii inoculum concentration on myrtle rust disease incidence and severity

Australasian Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s13313-020-00699-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

K. B. Ireland ◽

G. S. Pegg

Keyword(s):

Disease Incidence ◽

Rust Disease ◽

Inoculum Concentration ◽

Myrtle Rust ◽

Austropuccinia Psidii

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Evaluation of cowpea rust disease incidence and severity on selected cowpea genotypes in Western Kenya

African Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5897/ajar2020.14877 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. 1015-1024

Author(s):

Ndalira Wabwayi ◽

Judith Achieng Odhiambo ◽

Evans Abenga Basweti

Keyword(s):

Disease Incidence ◽

Rust Disease ◽

Western Kenya

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Effect of Traditional Agronomic Practices on White Rust of Rapeseed – Mustard under Organic Farming System in Manipur

Current Agriculture Research Journal ◽

10.12944/carj.5.3.14 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 354-358

Author(s):

Yengkhom Premlata Devi

Keyword(s):

Disease Severity ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Plant Density ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Farming System ◽

Severe Form ◽

Rust Disease ◽

White Rust ◽

Agronomic Practices

Rapeseed – mustard is one of the most important cruciferous oilseed crops basically raise for oils and vegetables to meet domestic consumption of marginal farmers during rabi season in Manipur. Field experiments were conducted under organic condition for two consecutive years ( 2014 & 2015) during rabi seasons at Kakching. Weekly surveys detected white rust of rapeseed –mustard on the four varieties used. Amendments of agronomic practices including sowing dates, intercropping and plant density besides addition of soil with FYM (Farmyard Manure) were found effective on fungal disease of the crop. The disease parameters were monitored through disease incidence (DI) and disease severity (DS) assessment technique. The least disease severity (9.57%) was found in plant density followed by date of sowing (11.06%) and intercropping (12.29%). White rust caused by Albugo candida attacked the crop from mild to severe form and the effect of agronomic practices applied were significant in controlling the white rust disease of the crop.

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Occurrence of Rust Caused by Puccinia carthami on Snow Lotus in China

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-91-6-0772a ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 91 (6) ◽

pp. 772-772 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Zhao ◽

G.-L. Xie ◽

H. Li ◽

C. Li

Keyword(s):

Disease Incidence ◽

Secondary Infection ◽

Tianshan Mountain ◽

Pathogenicity Test ◽

Rust Disease ◽

Mountain Area ◽

Causal Organism ◽

Saussurea Involucrata ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Snow Lotus

Snow lotus (Saussurea involucrata (Kar. & Kir.) Sch. Bip.) is an economically important medicinal herb increasingly grown in China in recent years. In August 2005, a rust disease on snow lotus plants commercially grown was found in the Tianshan mountain area of Xinjiang at 2,100 m above sea level. Disease incidence was approximately 15% of the plants observed in a commercial field in 2006. At the initial stage, tiny (1 to 2 mm long), orange brown pustules are formed on leaves. Later in the season, pustules turned chestnut brown to form bigger rust patches. Severely attacked leaves may die prematurely. During the growing season, rust pustules broke open to release reddish brown spores that cause secondary infection. The infected snow lotus plants were sampled, and the urediniospores and teliospores were observed for identification with a light microscope (4). Urediniospores were globose or broadly ellipsoid, 22 to 28 × 22 to 25 μm; teliospores were slightly or not constricted at the septum, 31.5 to 41.5 × 21.5 to 26.5 μm, wall was sienna to fulvous, occasionally chestnut colored, and pedicels were basal or oblique, verrucose, hyaline, and fragile. The pathogenicity test of the fungus was done by burying five leaves bearing telia around the roots of healthy safflower seedlings grown in a greenhouse under controlled conditions (25°C and 70% relative humidity) and healthy snow lotus seedlings grown under natural conditions with five replications. Symptoms were evaluated 60 days after inoculation. Similar rust symptoms were observed on both the snow lotus and safflower seedlings (1). The pycnidial and aecial stages of this autoecious rust were not observed in nature or the pathogenicity tests. The teliospores were reisolated and deposited at the Key Oasis Eco-Agriculture Laboratory of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Xinjiang and the Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University. The causal organism of rust of snow lotus was identified as Puccinia carthami Corda on the basis of the morphology and pathogenicity test. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this rust on snow lotus (S. involucrata) (1–4). References: (1) W. L. Bruckart. Plant Dis. 83:181, 1999. (2) M. L. Deadman et al. Plant Dis. 89:208, 2005. (3) S. J. Kolte. Diseases of annual edible oilseeds crops. In: Rapeseed-Mustard and Sesame Diseases. Vol. II. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1985. (4) G. F. Laundon. N. Z. J. Bot. 8:310, 1970.

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