scholarly journals Techno-economic analysis of producing low heating value underground coal gasification gas in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 882 (1) ◽  
pp. 012081
Author(s):  
M. Huda ◽  
S. Salinita ◽  
Zulfahmi ◽  
N Madiutomo ◽  
E Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Heating Value

Abstract Indonesia is currently reviewing the use of underground coal gasification (UCG) technology to utilize deep-seated coal. UCG may exploit the coal deposit that is not feasible for open-pit mines due to its great depths. In this study, the UCG plant in two coal mines, the Kideco Jaya Agung (KJA) and the Indominco (IMM) coal mines, will be compared their economics in producing low heating value gas with a capacity of 170,000 MJ/hour. The UCG plants implement the linking vertical well (LVW) technique combined with reverses combustion linking (RCL). The discounted cash flow (DCF) method is used for financial analysis to determine the minimum selling price of UCG low heating value gas. The study aims to understand the economic feasibility of applying UCG technology to Indonesia’s different characteristics of coal deposits. The results show the minimum prices of the low heating value UCG gas of KJA and IMM UCG plants are USD 3/MMBTU and USD 3.57/MMBTU, respectively. The operating cost of the IMM UCG is higher than that of the KJA UCG plant due to its thinner and deeper coal seams.

Turning C1-gases to Isobutanol Towards a Great Environmental and Economic Sustainability via Innovative Biological Routes: Two Birds With One Stone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobo Liang ◽  
Rongzhan Fu ◽  
Yingqun Ma ◽  
Lizhen Hu ◽  
Qiang Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
Energy Calculation ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cell Factories

Abstract BackgroundThe dramatic increase in emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) has led to an irreversible effect on the ecosystem, which in turn caused significant harm to human beings and other species. Exploring innovative and effective approaches to neutralizing GHGs is urgently needed. Considering the advancement of synthetic biology and the bioconversion process, C1-utilizing cell factories (CUCFs) have been modified to be able to effectively convert C1-gases includes biogas, natural gas, and carbon dioxide (CO2) into chemicals or fuels via biological routes, which greatly facilitates the inedible carbon sources used in biomanufacturing, increases the potential value of GHGs and meanwhile reduces the GHG emissions. Process design and resultsEven though the current experimental results are satisfactory in lab-scale research, the evaluation of economic feasibility as well as applications of CUCFs in industrial-scale still need to be analyzed. This study designed three scenarios of CUCFs-based conversion of biogas, natural gas, and CO2 into isobutanol, the detailed techno-economic analyses of these scenarios were conducted with the comparisons of capital cost, operating cost, and minimum isobutanol selling price (MISP). Results revealed that direct bio-conversion of CO2 by CUCFs into isobutanol exhibited the best economic performance with a MISP of $1.38/kg isobutanol. The single sensitivity analysis showed that the gas utilization rate, flow rate, and CO2 cost are the three most significant economic-driving forces on MISP of CO2-derived biological isobutanol. Multiple-point sensitivity analysis presented that the MISP for the long-term case can be as low as 0.99 $/kg with using ideal targets. ConclusionsOur findings provide a comprehensive assessment of bio-conversion of C1-gases via CUCFs to isobutanol in terms of the bioprocess design, mass/energy calculation, capital investment, operating expense, sensitivity analysis, and environmental impact. It is expected that this study may lead to the paradigm shift in isobutanol synthesis with C1-gases as substrates.

scholarly journals Spent FCC E-Cat: Towards a Circular Approach in the Oil Refining Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Ferella ◽  
Idiano D’Adamo ◽  
Simona Leone ◽  
Valentina Innocenzi ◽  
Ida De Michelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Fluid Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Refining Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow

Every year the oil refining industry consumes thousand tons of fluid catalytic cracking zeolite from the E-cat generated in the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit. In the present paper, a new process for recycling of fluid catalytic cracking catalysts (FCCCs) is presented. The process, previously tested at laboratory scale, was simulated by SuperPro Designer catalysts (FCCCs, also known as equilibrium catalysts, E-cat), which are mainly landfilled. Their intrinsic value is quite low and the content of rare earth elements (REEs), as lanthanum and cerium oxides, is around 3%wt. Moreover, their reuse in other industrial processes as raw material is very scarce. For each metric ton of spent FCCC treated for recovery of REEs, nearly the same amount of waste is generated from the process, the majority of which is represented by the solid residue resulting from the leaching stage. The manuscript presents a technological study and an economic analysis for the recovery of REEs, as well as the production of synthetic © software package. The plant was designed for a capacity of 4000 metric tons per year. The discounted cash flow (DCF) method was applied and Net Present Value (NPV) equal to about two-million € and Discounted Payback Time (DPBT) equal to two years defined the profitability of the process for recycling of FCCCs. This result depends on the selling price of zeolite. Consequently, a break-even point (BEP) analysis was conducted on this critical variable and the condition of economic feasibility was verified with a price of 1070 €/ton. This study tried to implement recycling strategies towards circular economy models.

Prediction of feasible synthesis gas compositions at three European coal deposits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Otto ◽  
Thomas Kempka
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Coal Conversion ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
In Situ Conditions

<p>In the present study, we apply our validated stoichiometric equilibrium model [1], based on direct minimisation of Gibbs free energy, to predict the synthesis gas compositions produced by in-situ coal conversion at three European coal deposits. The applied modelling approach is computationally efficient and allows to predict synthesis gas compositions and calorific values under various operating and geological boundary conditions, including varying oxidant and coal compositions. Three European coal deposits are assessed, comprising the South Wales Coalfield (United Kingdom), the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland) and the Ruhr District (Germany). The stoichiometric equilibrium models were first validated on the basis of laboratory experiments undertaken at two different operating pressures by [2] and available literature data [3]. Then, the models were adapted to site-specific hydrostatic pressure conditions to enable an extrapolation of the synthesis gas composition to in-situ pressure conditions. Our simulation results demonstrate that changes in the synthesis gas composition follow the expected trends for preferential production of specific gas components at increased pressures, known from the literature, emphasising that a reliable methodology for estimations of synthesis gas compositions for different in-situ conditions has been established. The presented predictive approach can be integrated with techno-economic models [4] to assess the technical and economic feasibility of in-situ coal conversion at selected study areas as well as of biomass and waste to synthesis gas conversion projects.</p><p><span>[</span><span>1] </span><span>Otto, C.; Kempka, T. Synthesis Gas Composition Prediction for Underground Coal Gasification Using a Thermochemical Equilibrium Modeling Approach. </span><em><span>Energies</span></em> <span><strong>2020</strong></span><span>, </span><em><span>13</span></em><span>, 1171.</span></p><p>[2] Kapusta et al., 2020</p><p>[3] Kempka et al., 2011</p><p>[4] Nakaten and Kempka, 2019</p>

scholarly journals Challenges and Opportunities for End-of-Life Coal Mine Sites: Black-to-Green Energy Approach

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
Aleksander Frejowski ◽  
Jan Bondaruk ◽  
Adam Duda
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Mining Institute ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Temporal Horizon

This paper presents the possibilities of adapting active mines to generate green energy after their closure using their resources and/or infrastructure. For this purpose, firstly, the temporal horizon of selected mines in Poland was determined, its basic assumption being the analysis of the current state. In the research, 18 mining plants operating within 12 mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) were analyzed. The analyzed mines belong to three of the five largest hard coal producers in Poland, and the main object of exploitation is hard coal of energy types. Severe restrictions or even abandonment of further investments in the development of the coal mining industry were taken into consideration (regarding the construction of new shafts or the development of new exploitation levels). When determining the temporal horizon, the challenges that hamper the exploitation based at the levels of natural hazards and depth of exploitation in each mine were considered. Secondly, the criteria for the adaptation of active mines to generate energy are presented. The possibility of using the resources and infrastructural potential of active mines to produce geothermal energy from water, extracting coalbed methane (CBM), and processes of underground coal gasification (UCG) are analyzed. Finally, for a selected example—generating energy from underground coal gasification in Polish mine conditions—a structural analysis of the criteria was performed using the MICMAC method, as the Central Mining Institute has an extensive experience in the development of underground coal gasification trials in coal mines. Based on expert analysis and using structural analysis, the criteria important for UCG were selected. As demonstrated in the article, the MICMAC method can be applied in other scenarios with different criteria to implement new technologies in coal mines.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A HEAT RECUPERATOR ON THE BASIS OF UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Falshtynskyi ◽  
◽  
Pavlo Saik ◽  
Roman Dychkovskyi ◽  
Vasyl Lozynskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Heat Recuperator ◽  
Gasification Products

Mining of the off-balanced and balanced reserves of mines, being under closure or completing their operation, required the implementation of mobile, complex, and environmentally friendly development technologies based on the processes of well underground coal gasification (WUCG) that unites mining of coal and its energy-chemical use. Environmental friendliness of the WUCG process is possible due to its controllability, hermeticity of the underground gas generator, and complex use of cogeneration technologies in the closed cycle of purification and processing of gasification products. The set engineering tasks were performed using analytical studies, bench studies and field studies. Efficiency of thermal energy generation were studies using rocks enclosing the underground gasifier and generator gases. These sources being the basic heat generating segments of energy chemical complex for coal gasification being formed at the territories of operating coal mines or mines at the stage of their closure. Prospects of coal gasification and thermal energy generation using rock disposals of coal mines have been estimated.

Cold Flow Simulation in Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) Cavities

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipankar Chatterjee ◽  
◽  
Satish Gupta ◽  
Chebolu Aravind ◽  
Rakesh Roshan
Keyword(s):  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Cold Flow
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