The measurement of food and nutrition security situation in Indonesia

Abstract An appropriate analysis of the food security situation influences the decision-making and even planning of targeted intervention. Considering Indonesia’s vast area and different characteristics of each region, information on the food security situation for each region is needed for policy intervention. This paper conducted a composite analysis to obtain the food security situation of 416 districts in Indonesia. The weighting approach of nine indicators represented the three subsystems of food security, namely food availability, food access, and food utilization, was used for food security situation analysis. Of 416 districts, 81 were classified into food vulnerable region-based one a set of cut-off points used for districts classification. These vulnerable food regions were mainly characterized by the ratio between food production and normative consumption, the percentage of people living under the poverty line, and the prevalence of stunting. The information on vulnerable food regions and their underlying factors can be used as a basis for program intervention and policy formulation for food security in Indonesia. The program designed for food vulnerability alleviation should be located in the vulnerable food area and targeted to reduce those three underlying factors causing food vulnerability.

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“Now we’ve all turned to Eating Processed Foods”: A Photovoice Study of the Food and Nutrition Security Implications of ‘Galamsey’ in Ghana

10.21203/rs.3.rs-832447/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hanson Nyantakyi-Frimpong ◽

Aaron Kobina Christian ◽

John Ganle ◽

Richmond Aryeetey

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Primary Data ◽

Small Scale ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Mining Communities ◽

Food And Nutrition Security ◽

Nutrition Security ◽

Food And Nutrition

Abstract Background: Small-scale mining, referred to as galamsey in Ghana, is an important source of income for many rural populations. Although concerns have been raised in the media about the significant threats galamsey poses to the environment, and human health and livelihoods, there is a representational paucity of evidence regarding its links with local food systems, particularly from the perspective of affected mining communities. The current study explored community perceptions and experiences of galamsey and its perceived effects on food security and livelihoods in the East Akyem Municipality in the Eastern region of Ghana. Methods: Primary data was collected in the East Akim District of Ghana, using photography, interviews based on the photographs, and a photo exhibition, all conducted . Thirty-six male and female adults were purposively selected with the help of a community focal person and advertisements in the study community. Respondents participants in a one-day photography training and thereafter, deployed to take at least fifteen photos that portray the effect of galamsey on food security and health. Subsequently, each participant was asked to selected five of the photographs and to explain the image and why they captured that in the photo. A photo exhibition was held to facilitate community conversation and perspectives on the effects of galamsey on food and nutrition security. Results: Galamsey has resulted in degradation of, otherwise, fertile agricultural land, and contamination of freshwater sources. As a consequence, there is reduced cultivable land, reduced crop production, shortage of essential staple foods, increase in food price, and increased consumption of ultra-processed foods. There is also perception of increased exposure to heavy metals like mercury in locally-produced food. Conclusions: Given the adverse health consequences of both food and nutrition insecurity, and increased consumption of processed foods, it is important that public and policy discussions to minimize the effects of galamsey in Ghana should include considerations about food and nutrition insecurity in mining communities.

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Examining the impact of COVID-19 and its related lockdown on food security and job losses: A case of Kumasi, Ghana

10.21203/rs.3.rs-992274/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Frank Adusei

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Food Security ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Online Marketing ◽

Time Range ◽

Food And Nutrition Security ◽

Nutrition Security ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact

Abstract The COVID-19 and partial lockdown has brought significant effects on the entire economy, especially on food security and job losses. This study was carried out in Asokwa Municipal with the objective of examining the impact of COVID-19 disease and its related lockdown on food and nutrition security and job losses. The study site form part of the cities in Ghana to experience the partial lockdown, hence it qualifies for the selection. Both primary and secondary data were used. By means of purposive sampling technique, fifty respondents were selected as sample size. The study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive and narrative posture to the presentation, discussion and analysis of data. Open-ended questionnaire and a checklist were used for data collection through semi-structured interviews. The results revealed that, food and nutrition insecurity, job loss and income reductions are still very common, affecting participants livelihood. Disproportionally affected are households whose income comes from farming, transporters, informal labour, as well as marketers.It was concluded that food insecurity is not outside the impact of COVID-19 and its associated partial lockdown. Food and nutrition security are the global concern at present circumstances. The supply chain has been hit hardest by COVID-19, which causes food insecurity of most vulnerable segment of population which put them at risk. And also, most of the migrant, informal, seasonal farm workers were losing their jobs which may affect their demand for food. Therefore, the government should step-up the measures to control the pandemic without disturbing the food supply chain. The development and use of online marketing strategies where people can make orders of various produce and booked for purchases and or deliveries during a stated time range should be promoted.

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Agricultural diversification and food security in low- and middle-income countries: Where is the evidence?

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-6748 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Katharina Waha ◽

Francesco Accatino ◽

Cecile Godde ◽

Cyrille Rigolot ◽

Jessica Bogard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Access ◽

Agricultural Systems ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Nutrition Security ◽

Agricultural Diversification ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

Food Utilisation ◽

Farm Scale

Diversity and diversification in agricultural systems are often presented in the literature as having multiple benefits such as enhancing resilience, increasing food production and decreasing risks in production systems and is often postulated to benefit food and nutrition security in low- and middle-income countries. Our study aims to provide an overview of the potential for agricultural diversification to improve food security status as reported in recently published research articles analysing the diversity-food security relationship. We consider results for different scales, from individual to global and for different food security dimensions: availability, access, stability and utilisation.We carried out a literature review that includes exhaustive, comprehensive searching. We search for peer-reviewed publications in the Web of Science core collection (v.5.32) written in English, between 2010 and February 2020 on the association between diversity in agricultural systems and at least one dimension or measure of food security. From the original list of articles we exclude all publications that (1) focus on a study area outside a low- to middle income country; (2) do not include at least one metric of farm-, regional-, or global-level diversity as specified with the search terms; (3) do not explicitly measure at least one food security dimension, or (4) were exclusively focussed on describing drivers and trends in diversity or food security.We find that a total number of 87 research articles assessed a total of 328 diversity-food security relationships using one or more statistical modelling approach. About half of them are positive (54%) and mostly refer to the diversity-food access relationship on the individual, household and farm scale as this was the food security dimension and spatial scale most analysed. Of all results for food access 60% were positive relationships and only 4% were negative relationships with the remainder having no or ambiguous relationships. Twenty-nine studies used household dietary diversity as a measure of food access and 10 studies used at least one food access indicator that is a validated proxy for nutrient adequacy. Positive relationships were more often reported for food availability (65%) than for food utilisation (33%) also because for food utilisation there are a lot of mixed findings for different measures of anthropometric and nutritional status. The most common spatial scale assessed was the household and farm scale (58%).There is no food security dimension that primarily has a negative relationship with agricultural diversity but there is a considerable number of relationships that are found to be neutral or ambiguous. Diversity can be an important driver of food security, but the magnitude of the contribution depends on the&#160; socio-economic and biophysical characteristics of the local farming system. We conclude that farmers mostly see diversification as a potential strategy to improve livelihoods, agricultural production and/or food and nutrition security where other strategies are more expensive but not as a desirable characteristic of the agricultural systems at all costs especially in the presence of other strategies that can achieve the same outcome.

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Food and Nutrition Security in Rural Bihar: Dimensions and Determinants

Social Change ◽

10.1177/00490857211034492 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 396-419

Author(s):

Swati Dutta ◽

Sunil Kumar Mishra

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Distribution System ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Food Prices ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Food And Nutrition Security ◽

Nutrition Security ◽

Food And Nutrition

The level of food diversity in any household is an indicator of its healthy dietary habits. It depends on demographic and socio-economic conditions, geographic location, consumption habits and expenditure, cultural practices, income, food prices and the availability, access and utilisation of food. Against this backdrop, our study analyses the pattern of food consumption, dietary diversity, food frequency and the Recommended Dietary Allowance in 12 villages located in 6 districts of Bihar to understand the socio-economic determinants of a household’s food security. The results show that the diversity of food consumption is mainly dependent on the consumption of cereals across various socio-economic classes. Our analysis also emphasises the importance of schemes like the Public Distribution System which has a positive influence on food security outcomes of a household. The logistic regression results show that if the household belongs to the richest consumption class, with better education levels and more salaried members, then the probability of better food and nutrition security is high. In contrast, the low social status of a household, especially those from a Scheduled Caste background, will reveal reduced household food security.

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Are GM Crops the Answer to Africa's Critical Food Security Status?

Environmental and Agricultural Informatics ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-9621-9.ch078 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1688-1708

Author(s):

Nira Ramachandran

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Water Availability ◽

Technological Advance ◽

Gm Crops ◽

Current Status ◽

Nutrition Security ◽

Food Security Status ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

Positive Action ◽

Cultivable Land

Despite unprecedented technological breakthroughs and rising incomes, the most basic human requirement–food security remains out of reach of many. The countries of Africa are the worst affected, and consistently score lowest on the Global Hunger Index. The downside of technological advance and increasing urbanisation is the decrease in cultivable land and water availability exacerbated by climatic unpredictability. While concerted efforts are on to control the crisis, it is time to take positive action and capture technology to boost food security. Genetically Modified (GM) crops engineered to be drought/flood resistant, reduce pesticide requirements or provide vitamins open up tremendous possibilities for enhancing food and nutrition security and counteracting negative environmental impacts. This paper reviews the current status of GM crops in Africa, the scope for expansion, possible impacts on food security and the validity of existing concerns about bio-safety and farmers' needs in the light of developing country experience.

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Are GM Crops the Answer to Africa's Critical Food Security Status?

Agricultural Development and Food Security in Developing Nations - Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0942-4.ch007 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 157-177

Author(s):

Nira Ramachandran

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Water Availability ◽

Technological Advance ◽

Gm Crops ◽

Current Status ◽

Nutrition Security ◽

Food Security Status ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

Positive Action ◽

Cultivable Land

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Emerging food and nutrition security challenges in Central Asia—implications for BRICS and emerging economies

Handbook of BRICS and Emerging Economies ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198827535.003.0035 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 909-932

Author(s):

Suresh Chandra Babu ◽

Kamiljon Akramov

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Central Asia ◽

Emerging Economies ◽

Food And Nutrition Security ◽

Nutrition Security ◽

Central Asian ◽

Security Challenges ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

Critical Issues

In the last two decades, Central Asia has gone through several transitions in institutions and governance, each with consequences for the agricultural sectors in the region. Since their independence, the five countries Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, have made considerable progress towards increasing domestic food production. However, food security in the region is still threatened by major geopolitical and socio-economic challenges. Lack of support from institutions to advance farming has resulted in the low level of food security in the region. Lack of research and extension of support to farmers and low capacity for designing evidence-based policies are major challenges to the region’s food security. This chapter identifies critical issues and challenges faced by Central Asian countries for attaining short-term and long-term food and nutrition security, and the implications for BRICS and other emerging economies.

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Lessons from support given to the implementation of food security programmes in over 100 countries: the feasibility of integrated food and nutrition security (F&NS) approaches.

Improving diets and nutrition: food-based approaches ◽

10.1079/9781780642994.0362 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 362-370

Author(s):

B. Thompson ◽

L. Amoroso

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food And Nutrition Security ◽

Nutrition Security ◽

Food And Nutrition

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Factors Associated with Household Food Security in Zambia

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11092715 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2715 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

William Nkomoki ◽

Miroslava Bavorová ◽

Jan Banout

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Land Tenure ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Household Head ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Food And Nutrition Security ◽

Nutrition Security ◽

Household Food ◽

Food And Nutrition

Food security is a global challenge and threatens mainly smallholder farmers in developing countries. The main aim of this paper is to determine factors that are associated with food security in Zambia. This study utilizes the household questionnaire survey dataset of 400 smallholder farmers in four districts conducted in southern Zambia in 2016. To measure food security, the study employs two food security indicators, namely the food consumption score (FCS) and the household hunger scale (HHS). Two ordered probit models are estimated with the dependent variables FCS and HHS. Both the FCS and HHS models’ findings reveal that higher education levels of household head, increasing livestock income, secure land tenure, increasing land size, and group membership increase the probability of household food and nutrition security. The results imply that policies supporting livestock development programs such as training of farmers in animal husbandry, as well as policies increasing land tenure security and empowerment of farmers groups, have the potential to enhance household food and nutrition security.

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HUMANIZATION OF INFORMATION SPACE IN THE ASPECT OF ENSURING THE BIOLOGICAL, FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

Vestnik of Kazan state agrarin university ◽

10.12737/7759 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 73-75

Author(s):

Юнусов ◽

Rauf Yunusov

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Food Security ◽

The State ◽

Information Space ◽

Food And Nutrition Security ◽

Nutrition Security ◽

Regulatory Authorities ◽

Role Of The State ◽

Food And Nutrition

The article presents the importance of information technology in the biological and food security of the country. It reveals the role of the state federal regulatory authorities in its provision.

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