scholarly journals The content of heavy metals in the water of Lake Gusinoe (Western Transbaikalia) and its tributaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 895 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
Tc Zh Bazarzhapov ◽  
V G Shiretorova ◽  
L D Radnaeva ◽  
Dong Suocheng ◽  
Li Zehong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Selenga River Basin ◽  
Selenga River ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Chemical Composition Of Water ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract Investigation of the transformation of substances in the basin of the Selenga River, the main tributary of Lake Baikal, due to anthropogenic impact under conditions of global climate change, is especially important for Lake Baikal which is a World Natural Heritage Site and the main source of fresh drinking water not only in the region, but also in the world. One of the key research objects in the Selenga River basin, which is subject to significant anthropogenic impact, is the ecosystem of Lake Gusinoe. This study presents the results of analysis of the physical and chemical parameters of the water mass of Gusinoe Lake basin. for the period from 2017 to 2020. Thus, the results on hydrochemical indicators for a long-term period of research of the lake show changes in the chemical composition of water and the concentration of main ions. In 2020, the content of almost all metals was higher than in 2017-2020, which may be due to the rise in the level of Lake Gusinoe and groundwater that began in 2019 and continued in 2020, as a result of rain floods that caused flooding of the coastal territories and the entry of pollutants into watercourses and the lake.

scholarly journals The Lake Baikal Level Regime: Retrospection and Current Status

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Selenga River Basin ◽  
Selenga River ◽  
Instrumental Observations ◽  
Annual Water

The Lake Baikal history and the main problems of its regulation have been discussed. Analysis of the lake level alterations over the whole period of instrumental observations (1900–2016) has been carried out. A protracted low-water period was observed in the Baikal basin fromthe middle 90s of XX century. It was the longest for the whole period of instrumental observations. The extreme low-water situation in the lake basin in 2014–2015 has been studied. A statistically significant trend of the temperature increase and precipitations decrease has been stated. Atmospheric precipitations affect the river runoff many-year fluctuations more than other water balance elements. It was stated that the Lake Baikal level directly depends on the Selenga River water content. Minimal runoff during the low-water periods demonstrates a tendency to decrease, just like the annual runoff. It was a perpetual series of the reduced runoff that caused the minimal runoff negative trend, as a result of which the water resources inflow to the Lake Baikal was recordbreaking minimal over the previous years. The Selenga River basin runoff parameters spatial-temporal reconstruction was performed according the hydrometric posts and dendro/climatic stations data. The water runoff reconstruction statistic models show a good agreement between the Archangel fir ring amount of growth and annual water flow. The historic chronicles and moisture regimes have been chronologically compared on the basis of the obtained water regime reconstructions. The historic chronicles analysis is an indirect verification of the obtained time series related to the water flows in the Selenga River basin.

scholarly journals Place of the ESPOO convention in the formation of the international legal mechanism for the protection of lake Baikal

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
D.V. Shornikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Strategic Environmental Assessment ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Legal Mechanism ◽  
National Practice

The article examines the key provisions of the 1991 Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context, the so-called Espoo Convention, as well as the developing provisions of the Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment (Kiev Protocol) of 2003 in terms of preventing negative anthropogenic impact on the natural environment, bearing in mind, first of all, the development of the mechanism of international legal protection of Lake Baikal. In the article is briefly characterized the experience of a number of countries in the post-Soviet space in the implementation of the provisions of these international documents into national legislation. The experience and current position of the Russian Federation on the application of the provisions and mechanisms of the Espoo Convention and the Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment in national practice are analyzed. The conclusion is sub-stantiated about the relevance and effectiveness of the use of mechanisms to prevent negative anthropogenic impact on the environment, enshrined in these international documents for the preservation of the unique ecosystem of the World Heritage Site - Lake Baikal.

scholarly journals Mercury loading within the Selenga River Basin and Lake Baikal, Siberia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Roberts ◽  
Jennifer Adams ◽  
Anson Mackay ◽  
George Swann ◽  
Suzanne McGowan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Selenga River Basin ◽  
Selenga River ◽  
Mercury Loading

IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN THE REGIONS OF INNER ASIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bair Gomboev ◽  
◽  
Bair Tsydypov ◽  
Aleksandr Ayurzhanaev ◽  
Svetlana Puntsukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Selenga River Basin ◽  
Inner Asia ◽  
Selenga River ◽  
Forestry Sector

The assessment of ecosystem services of the forest is presented as the most important part of natural resources in the Selenga river basin located in the territory of Inner Asia. The analysis of the dynamics of forest fires, which are one of the consequences of global climate change, is presented. The adaptation measures in the forestry sector to this change are considered.

scholarly journals Mercury loading within the Selenga River basin and Lake Baikal, Siberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 113814 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Roberts ◽  
J.K. Adams ◽  
A.W. Mackay ◽  
G.E.A. Swann ◽  
S. McGowan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Selenga River Basin ◽  
Selenga River ◽  
Mercury Loading

scholarly journals Projections of Selenga river runoff in the XXI century and uncertainty estimates

2019 ◽  
Vol 381 ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Tatiana Millionshchikova
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Rcp Scenarios ◽  
Selenga River ◽  
Uncertainty Estimates ◽  
Runoff Changes

Abstract. The Selenga River, which originates in Mongolia, contributes nearly 50 % of the total inflow into Lake Baikal. Since 1996, the longest low-flow period has been observed. This paper focuses on the spatially distributed process-based modeling to assess possible runoff changes under climate projections in the XXI century using an ensemble of global climate models (GCMs) from ISI-MIP2 (Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project, phase 2) and RCP-scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathway) as inputs. The ECOMAG hydrological model was applied to simulate possible runoff changes in the Selenga River basin. According to the simulations, the low-flow runoff into Lake Baikal will be continued throughout the XXI century under all the RCP-scenarios. Furthermore, as hydrological projections for the future are characterized by significant climate projections uncertainty, ANOVA (analyses of variance) test was used to quantify the sources of this uncertainty. The calculations showed that the contribution of the model uncertainty (differences between GCMs) is much higher than the contribution of the scenario uncertainty (variability of RCP-scenarios) although it increases at the end of the century.

scholarly journals River Water Quality of the Selenga-Baikal Basin: Part I—Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Dissolved and Suspended Metals

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Kasimov ◽  
Galina Shinkareva ◽  
Mikhail Lychagin ◽  
Natalia Kosheleva ◽  
Sergey Chalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
World Average ◽  
Selenga River Basin ◽  
Baikal Basin ◽  
Selenga River ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Lake Baikal is the largest freshwater body on Earth, once famous for its pristine conditions. However, the lake and its drainage basin with their unique ecosystems have in recent decades been subject to both climate warming above the world average and severe anthropogenic pressures from mining and agriculture. Although previous studies have targeted various hydroclimatic, geochemical, and biological conditions of the Lake Baikal basin, the heterogeneous nature and large size of the basin leave considerable knowledge gaps regarding ongoing metal contamination of the basin’s suspended sediments and waters. To address these knowledge gaps, the main objectives of this study are to (i) determine regional background values for water and suspended sediment quality with respect to multiple metals (representing undisturbed conditions) and (ii) further evaluate spatio-temporal concentration patterns of these metals, including regions with heavy anthropogenic impacts. We synthesize data from extensive field measurements within the Selenga River basin performed between 2011 and 2016, covering over 100 sampling locations. Results show that although the background metal concentrations (of both dissolved and suspended metal forms) in the alkaline Selenga River waters were close to the world averages, metal concentrations of up to two orders of magnitude above the background values were seen for Zn, As, Cd, Cu, Mo, and Pb in regions subject to anthropogenic impacts (cities and the mining industry). Specifically, dissolved As levels within the Selenga River basin were 2–5 times higher than the world average and well above the global guideline value in several regions. Notable hotspots for anthropogenic impacts of Cd were particularly found in Zakamensk and Ulaanbaatar. Our results highlight clear anthropogenic impacts and large-scale spreading of several pollutants of concern, with risks even to downstream parts including the Selenga delta and Lake Baikal. We expect that these results will aid in increasing the understanding of large-scale metal transport processes, as well as for designing relevant measures to mitigate further spreading of metals to Lake Baikal.

scholarly journals Ecological State of Lake Gusinoe—A Cooling Pond of the Gusinoozersk GRES

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Larisa D. Radnaeva ◽  
Tcogto Zh. Bazarzhapov ◽  
Valentina G. Shiretorova ◽  
Svetlana V. Zhigzhitzhapova ◽  
Elena P. Nikitina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Cooling Pond ◽  
Selenga River Basin ◽  
Selenga River ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions

The study of the transformation of substances in the basin of the Selenga River—the main tributary of Lake Baikal—under anthropogenic pressure and in the context of global climate change, is especially important for the lake, a globally important source of drinking water. The ecosystem of Lake Gusinoe is one of the key objects in the Selenga River basin that is exposed to significant anthropogenic pressure. This study presents the results of an analysis of water level changes and physicochemical parameters of the water mass of Lake Gusinoe; literature data from 1951 to 2017 and own data from 2017 to 2021. The water level in the lake had depended on natural factors before the Gusinoozersk GRES was launched; however, since the plant has begun using the lake as a cooling pond, its level has actually been regulated by the economic entity. Over the years, there has been a significant increase in mineralization, sulfate, sodium, fluoride and organic matter fractions resistant to oxidation. Seasonal increases in iron and manganese concentrations in water were detected. Increased concentrations of nutrients and organic matter fractions resistant to oxidation were registered at the wastewater discharge sites. Heavy metals in the bottom sediments of Lake Gusinoe accumulate mainly in the silt of the deep zone of the lake. Plants growing in the zones of influence of the Gusinoozersk GRES and Gusinoozersk wastewater discharge accumulate the largest amount of metals.

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