scholarly journals Beyond the informal settlement: the land tenure situation of urban kampungs in Surabaya, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 916 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
T Tauran
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
The State ◽  
City Government ◽  
Critical Feature ◽  
Government Services ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
The City

Abstract Kampung occupies a significant role in urban settlements in Indonesia. The existing studies categorise urban kampung as informal settlements. However, using evidence from urban kampungs in Surabaya, this study rejects the perspectives that simplify urban kampungs as informal settlements. This study proposes a critical feature of informal settlement as a gauge: land tenure. The findings show that urban kampungs are too complex to be represented in the informal category. Urban kampung can be inhabited by residents with various land tenure beyond formal and informal dichotomy. Most urban kampung residents occupy land with the state (national) or customary tenure, which the state and society recognised. Administratively, they are also integrated into the city government services. Based on the findings, this study argues that simplifying urban kampungs into the informal settlement category is imprecise and potentially misleading.

scholarly journals Participation in the decision making-making cities proces of regularization policies in Buenos Aires. The case of Villa 20 in Buenos Aires autonomous city

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Ferlicca ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

In Latin American cities informal settlements and insecure land tenure are the result of an exclusionary planning and urban management system which fails to provide legal and secure housing for lower-income groups. Against this backdrop, the State implemented land-title and urban regulatory policies, in order to improve the housing conditions of these neighbourhoods and integrate their residents into the legal regime. This paper proposes to address the conflicts implied in the processes of urbanization and regularization of the villas of the city of Buenos Aires during the first government of Rodríguez Larreta (2015-2019). In the official political discourse, the urbanization of informal settlements is considered one of the main axes of local management. Within this framework, institutional changes are being carried out, such as the creation of the Ministry of Social and Urban Integration. This report proposes to address the participation implied in the process of urbanization and regularization of Villa 20 in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. This process have raised many challenges in the interaction between government decision-making and the needs of inhabitants of informal settlement. These challenges are linked to a) the democratic participation of the inhabitants in the decision-making process at all stages, b) land management policies and domain regularization; c) the modalities and logic of relocation of inhabitants; d) the provision and access to infrastructure services and public spaces; e) the treatment of tenants and other more vulnerable groups. Based on the analysis of the case study, we propose to account for the limits and scope of the implemented urbanization policy as well as for the opportunities to expand the horizon of tools and intervention modalities promote the right to the city and reduce territorial inequalities

scholarly journals Architecture & Legitimacy: Strategies for the Development of Urban Informal Settlements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel D. Pressick
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Global City ◽  
The People ◽  
Urban Informal Settlements ◽  
Cultural Networks ◽  
The City ◽  
Autonomous Development

Currently, 1 in 6 people live in slums, or informal settlements in cities throughout the developing world. They are built illegally and are characterized by lack of proper sanitation, unsafe housing, and crowded living conditions. Despite their appearance, informal settlements are legitimate communities; they are vibrant, with sophisticated social, economic and cultural networks that support the livelihoods of residents who call them home. These communities give the urban poor a physical place within the city, giving them access to the opportunities and advantages that the current age of the 'global city' can offer to any willing participant. As architects who see the responsibility in choosing the informal settlement as a realm for engagement, this thesis proposes that any architectural intervention be mindful of the importance of the networks contained within the streets and buildings of the informal settlement. By preserving the built-fabric of the settlement, the architect legitimizes the settlement's density and scale, while ensuring the urban poor have a physical place in the city. They have managed to develop their own communities without any investment from outside forces, any intervention should only support that autonomous development. These structures, as well as the people and activities with them, are vital to the survival of residents of informal settlements.

scholarly journals ELECTRICITY INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING: EVALUATING SOLAR POTENTIAL ASSESSMENTS FOR INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS USING GRASS AND FREELY AVAILABLE DATA

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W8 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
L. Hassim ◽  
S. Coetzee ◽  
V. Rautenbach
Keyword(s):  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Urban Fringe ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Open Source Gis ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Gis Software ◽  
The City ◽  
Electricity Infrastructure

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Informal settlements, also known as slums or shanty towns, are characterised by rapid and unstructured expansion, poorly constructed buildings, and in some cases, they are on disputed land. Such settlements often lack basic services, such as electricity. As a result, informal settlement dwellers turn to hazardous alternative sources of energy, such as illegal electricity connections and paraffin. Solar power is a clean and safe alternative. However, informal settlements are often located on undesirable land on the urban fringe where the topography may hinder the use of solar energy. The high density of dwellings could also be a hindrance. Therefore, the solar potential needs to be assessed before any implementations are planned. Solar potential assessment functionality is generally available in geographic information system (GIS) products. The nature, cost and accessibility of datasets required for the assessment vary significantly. In this paper, we evaluate the results of solar potential assessments using GRASS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System) for a number of different datasets. The assessments were done for two informal settlements in the City of Tshwane (South Africa): Alaska, which is nestled on a hill; and Phomolong, a densely populated settlement with a rather flat topography. The results show that solar potential assessments with open source GIS software and freely available data are feasible. This eliminates the need for lengthy and bureaucratic procurement processes and reduces the financial costs of assessing solar potential for informal settlements.</p>

scholarly journals TRANSITION FROM INFORMAL TO SUSTAINABLE SETTLEMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Merdassa Feven Tariku
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the features of informal settlement in Addis Ababa and the role of governmental and non-governmental organizations and public participation in the sustainable development of informal settlements. The purpose of the article is to identify the main types and characteristics of informal settlements and to reveal the factors that hinder the success of programs for updating informal settlements in the city. The research methods were the analysis and generalization of domestic and foreign literature on this research problem. The main conclusion of this study is that the principles of folk architecture are integral components of solutions for the sustainable development of informal settlements.

scholarly journals Participatory enumerations at the national level in Namibia: the Community Land Information Programme (CLIP)

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Muller ◽  
Edith Mbanga
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
National Level ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
National Government ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Development Initiatives ◽  
Local Ngo

This paper describes how the Shack Dwellers Federation of Namibia developed the capacity to undertake enumerations and mapping of informal settlements and, with support from the national government and a local NGO, developed the Community Land Information Programme. Through this initiative, the federation has profiled and mapped all of the informal settlements in Namibia, covering more than 500,000 people without secure land tenure and setting a significant precedent in terms of the ability of the federation to work at scale. For each settlement, a profile was developed by the residents that stimulated discussions of their priorities and also discussions with government. In the second phase, the residents of informal settlements were supported to undertake more detailed enumerations and mapping to identify development priorities and provide the information needed for development initiatives. The paper describes how this was done in a case study of an informal settlement in Swakopmund municipality and ends with a discussion of what has been learned, especially with regard to keeping the process rooted in the concerns and priorities of the residents of each settlement.

scholarly journals Supplier Selection Criteria in the Context of City Government: Evidence from Renowned Organizations of Karachi City

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-108
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal Sultan ◽  
Masood Hassan ◽  
Farhan Zeb Khaskhelly
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
The State ◽  
City Government ◽  
Generic Model ◽  
Supply Chain Strategy ◽  
Multinational Organizations ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The City

Supplier selection is one of the most important elements of the procurement process which has the ability to influence the performance of the entire supply chain management. Thus, it is considered as one of the major factors in the supply chain strategy in multinational organizations. Contrarily, least attention is given to the subject by the companies originated in Pakistan. Lack of research in this domain is also impairing this issue. Regardless of the importance of the supplier selection subject, the state-owned companies in Pakistan, are specifically, paying least concern towards it. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify the importance of different factors of supplier selection, by the state-owned enterprises working under the city government of Karachi. In order to simplify the model, researchers predominantly focused on the generic criteria for supplier selection and further included some other variables like HSSE/ ISO policies and flexible contract terms to the research model. Moreover, moderation has also been used in order to replicate the model effectively with the scenario of Karachi. After adoption of the generic model of supplier selection, Hayes model has been used for the analysis of data. The study findings reveal that the organization working under the City Government of Karachi have different criteria and preferences for supplier selection. Hence the research is pervasive in nature and can be adopted by policy makers and technocrats in order to improve the supplier selection process of state-owned enterprises.

scholarly journals GANTI KERUGIAN PEMBEBASAN TANAH MILIK UNTUK KEPENTINGAN UMUM

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Basirah Mustarin
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
City Government ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
The Government ◽  
Ownership Rights ◽  
The City

AbstractRoad construction projects for public use, usually involve many locations of land owned by communities with ownership rights. The construction of public facilities made by the government prior to construction must carry out the stages of land acquisition as contained in Law No. 2 of 2012 concerning land acquisition for development in the public interest. The research method used is normative research by using the statutory approach and concept analysis approach. The results showed that the city government provided compensation for the location of land that would be affected by the construction of public facilities. The mechanism of land acquisition or land acquisition in the city is carried out by providing compensation to the value of the land price that will be released in an appropriate and fair manner based on article 9 paragraph (2) of Law Number 2 of 2012. Land issues so far are very relevant to be studied together and considered in depth in relation to policies in the field of land because at the level of policy implementation that has been shown so far has neglected the structural aspects of land tenure, which in turn caused various disputes. Keywords: Compensation, Land Acquisition, Property Rights, Public Interest.AbstrakProyek pembuatan jalan untuk kepentingan umum, biasanya melibatkan banyak lokasi tanah yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat yang berstatus hak milik.  Pembuatan sarana umum yang dibuat oleh pemerintah tersebut sebelum dibangun harus melakukan tahapan pembebasan lahan sebagaimana yang termuat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 2 tahun 2012 tentang pengadaan tanah bagi pembangunan untuk kepentingan umum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif dengan melakukan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (Statute Approach) dan pendekatan analisis konsep (Conceptual Approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah kota memberikan ganti kerugian atas lokasi tanah yang akan terkena pembuatan sarana umum tersebut.  Mekanisme pembebasan tanah atau pengadaan tanah di kota dilakukan dengan memberikan ganti kerugian terhadap nilai harga tanah yang akan dibebaskan secara sesuai dan adil berdasarkan pasal 9 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2012. Persoalan tanah selama ini sangat relevan dan dipertimbangkan secara mendalam dalam kaitannya dengan kebijakan dibidang pertanahan karena ditingkat implementasi kebijakan yang diperlihatkan selama ini telah mengabaikan aspek struktural penguasaan tanah yang pada akhirnya menimbulkan berbagai macam sengketa.Kata Kunci : Ganti Kerugian, Hak Milik, Kepentingan Umum, Pembebasan Tanah.

scholarly journals “A Good Place for the Poor!” Counternarratives to Territorial Stigmatisation from Two Informal Settlements in Dhaka

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazi Nazrul Fattah ◽  
Peter Walters
Keyword(s):  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
Associational Life ◽  
Discursive Formation ◽  
Good Place ◽  
Shared Experiences ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The City

<p>With many cities in the Global South experiencing immense growth in informal settlements, city authorities frequently try to assert control over these settlements and their inhabitants through coercive measures such as threats of eviction, exclusion, blocked access to services and other forms of structural violence. Such coercive control is legitimized through the discursive formation of informal settlements as criminal and unsanitary, and of the residents as migrants and as temporary and illegitimate settlers. Using findings from ethnographic research carried out in two informal settlements in Dhaka, Bangladesh, this article explores how informal settlement residents engage with and resist territorial stigma in a rapidly growing Southern megacity. Findings show residents resist stigmatising narratives of neighbourhood blame by constructing counternarratives that frame informal settlements as a “good place for the poor.” These place-based narratives emerge from shared experiences of informality and associational life in a city where such populations are needed yet unwanted. While residents of these neighbourhoods are acutely aware of the temporariness and illegality of unauthorised settlements, these narratives produce solidarities to resist eviction and serve to legitimise their claim to the city.</p>

scholarly journals Architecture & Legitimacy: Strategies for the Development of Urban Informal Settlements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel D. Pressick
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Global City ◽  
The People ◽  
Urban Informal Settlements ◽  
Cultural Networks ◽  
The City ◽  
Autonomous Development

Currently, 1 in 6 people live in slums, or informal settlements in cities throughout the developing world. They are built illegally and are characterized by lack of proper sanitation, unsafe housing, and crowded living conditions. Despite their appearance, informal settlements are legitimate communities; they are vibrant, with sophisticated social, economic and cultural networks that support the livelihoods of residents who call them home. These communities give the urban poor a physical place within the city, giving them access to the opportunities and advantages that the current age of the 'global city' can offer to any willing participant. As architects who see the responsibility in choosing the informal settlement as a realm for engagement, this thesis proposes that any architectural intervention be mindful of the importance of the networks contained within the streets and buildings of the informal settlement. By preserving the built-fabric of the settlement, the architect legitimizes the settlement's density and scale, while ensuring the urban poor have a physical place in the city. They have managed to develop their own communities without any investment from outside forces, any intervention should only support that autonomous development. These structures, as well as the people and activities with them, are vital to the survival of residents of informal settlements.

scholarly journals Modernitas Berseragam dan Wajah Buram Modernitas di Kota Makassar pada Masa Orde Baru

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
I. Ilham
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
City Government ◽  
New Order ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

This article describes modernity in the city of Makassar during the New Order era. The meaning of modernity in this article was a modern idea or thought in the form projects of development (modernization) which the state tries to control. The control of the State is manifested in the form of uniformity and mobilization of development projects by the city government. The main impact that arises from the process is problems of urban, environment of the urban physical and social life of population of the city. This study uses the approach of the history of the city. The data used came from archives, newspapers, magazines, and results of interviews. This study shows that uniformity and mobilization of urban development modernity projects touch the lowest level, especially in the regulation and use of urban space and in the activities of urban residents. At the same time, the control and influence of the private sector increasingly determines the use of space. A predetermined city plan often can not work because it gets intervention from the interests of the private sector. In this conflict of interests, various "disappointments" arose in the attempt to modernize urban space. In urban areas, problems arise in structuring cities and social life which are vulnerable as an impact of an increasingly widespread modernization project. On the other side, the livelihood sources of some urban residents such as the informal sector are increasingly marginalized and have no support from the city government.

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