scholarly journals Potential Source Analysis of Macrodebris in Untung Java Island by Using Trajectory Particle Modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 925 (1) ◽  
pp. 012047
Author(s):  
A Maharani ◽  
R Rachmayani
Keyword(s):  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
On This Island ◽  
Debris Transport ◽  
Tidal Data ◽  
Thousand Islands ◽  
Particle Trajectory Model

Abstract Untung Java is one of the small islands in Thousand islands. One of the most highlighted problems on this island is the accumulation of macrodebris that occurs in the coastal and mangrove ecosystems. The purpose of this study is to determine the most potential source point for distributing debris to Untung Java Island by using a hydrodynamic model and particle trajectory model of MIKE 21. The scenario of the simulation is using pre-reclamation condition in 1999 and 2019. The estuary in Jakarta Bay is illustrated as the starting point for debris transport. Five other estuaries as potential source assumption are selected, namely Cisadane, Citarum, Muara Angke, Ciliwung and Cikeas. The validation data model used tidal data from Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) Sea Level Monitoring by utilizing Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) method. The RMSE is calculated up to 0.49-12.78%. The tidal current of Jakarta Bay is simulated up to 0.015-0.375 m/s. The Cisadane estuary is the most potential source as a supplier of macrodebris to Untung Java Island due to its debris movement pattern and the nearest distance to the island.

scholarly journals A Novel Convolutional Neural Network for Classifying Indian Coins by Denomination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yash Chauhan ◽  
Prateek Singh
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Slot Machines ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Starting Point

Coins recognition systems have humungous applications from vending and slot machines to banking and management firms which directly translate to a high volume of research regarding the development of methods for such classification. In recent years, academic research has shifted towards a computer vision approach for sorting coins due to the advancement in the field of deep learning. However, most of the documented work utilizes what is known as ‘Transfer Learning’ in which we reuse a pre-trained model of a fixed architecture as a starting point for our training. While such an approach saves us a lot of time and effort, the generic nature of the pre-trained model can often become a bottleneck for performance on a specialized problem such as coin classification. This study develops a convolutional neural network (CNN) model from scratch and tests it against a widely-used general-purpose architecture known as Googlenet. We have shown in this study by comparing the performance of our model with that of Googlenet (documented in various previous studies) that a more straightforward and specialized architecture is more optimal than a more complex general architecture for the coin classification problem. The model developed in this study is trained and tested on 720 and 180 images of Indian coins of different denominations, respectively. The final accuracy gained by the model is 91.62% on the training data, while the accuracy is 90.55% on the validation data.

scholarly journals Marine macro debris transport based on hydrodynamic model before and after reclamation in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
Yudi Nurul Ihsan
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Particle Trajectory ◽  
Surface Current ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Model Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Debris Transport ◽  
Particle Trajectory Model

Jakarta Bay as an area with the densest population in Indonesia became one of the highest contamination level waters in the world includes pollution of debris. Reclamation activities in Jakarta Bay will change the water conditions will also affect the distribution of debris at sea. Therefore, this study conducted to determine the movement of the macro debris before and after island reclamation in Jakarta Bay. The method used is a model that simulated by the hydrodynamic model and particle trajectory model. Data needed for the hydrodynamic model were wind, tides, bathymetry, and shoreline, while for the trajectory of the particles using a data type of macro debris, debris weight, and debris flux. Hydrodynamics simulations indicate if a reclamation island formation does not change surface current patterns significantly, but causes a decrease in the flow velocity of ± 0.002 to 0.02 m/s at some point. The trajectory of particles of debris indicate if after reclamation, debris tends to accumulate in the eastern Jakarta Bay in the rainy season (January) as there are anticlockwise eddy current, as well as in the western and eastern regions during the dry season (July), because there is a clockwise eddy current in the eastern Jakarta Bay.

Atmospheric aerosol over Finnish Arctic: source analysis by the multilinear engine and the potential source contribution function

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (31) ◽  
pp. 4381-4392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarja Yli-Tuomi ◽  
Philip K. Hopke ◽  
Pentti Paatero ◽  
M.Shamsuzzoha Basunia ◽  
Sheldon Landsberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Source Contribution ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Multilinear Engine ◽  
Potential Source Contribution Function

scholarly journals Recovery and Enumeration of Cryptosporidium parvum from Animal Fecal Matrices

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 2842-2847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl M. Davies ◽  
Christine Kaucner ◽  
Daniel Deere ◽  
Nicholas J. Ashbolt
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Fecal Sample ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Sheep Feces

ABSTRACT Accurate quantification of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in animal fecal deposits on land is an essential starting point for estimating watershed C. parvum loads. Due to the general poor performance and variable recovery efficiency of existing enumeration methods, protocols were devised based on initial dispersion of oocysts from feces by vortexing in 2 mM tetrasodium pyrophosphate, followed by immunomagnetic separation. The protocols were validated by using an internal control seed preparation to determine the levels of oocyst recovery for a range of fecal types. The levels of recovery of 102 oocysts from cattle feces (0.5 g of processed feces) ranged from 31 to 46%, and the levels of recovery from sheep feces (0.25 g of processed feces) ranged from 21% to 35%. The within-sample coefficients of variation for the percentages of recovery from five replicates ranged from 10 to 50%. The ranges for levels of recovery of oocysts from cattle, kangaroo, pig, and sheep feces (juveniles and adults) collected in a subsequent watershed animal fecal survey were far wider than the ranges predicted by the validation data. Based on the use of an internal control added to each fecal sample, the levels of recovery ranged from 0 to 83% for cattle, from 4 to 62% for sheep, from 1 to 42% for pigs, and from 40 to 73% for kangaroos. Given the variation in the levels of recovery of oocysts from different fecal matrices, it is recommended that an internal control be added to at least one replicate of every fecal sample analyzed to determine the percentage of recovery. Depending on the animal type and based on the lowest approximate percentages of recovery, between 10 and 100 oocysts g of feces−1 must be present to be detected.

LIMITATIONS ON THE TRANSPARENCY OF LAW CREATION AND LAW EXERCISING IN THE DUCHY OF WARSAW

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-516
Author(s):  
Marcin Mielnik
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
The State ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Public Action ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government

In this work, the study of the title issue will be continued and the focus will be on the boundaries of transparency of public action in the sphere of enacting and implementing the law. As a result of the actions taken, the author intends to find answers to questions relat-ed to the policy of informing citizens and possibilities of finding information on the func-tioning of the state. The research was carried out by conducting a source query and source analysis. The author in the main part of the work defined the bodies responsible for creat-ing the law. Then, he introduced individual governmental dailies, such as Dziennik Praw or daily newspapers issued in individual districts of the country (departments). The starting point was to discuss the policy of disseminating the content of the law also in the uncon-stitutional period before the first copies of the government press were issued. Next, the author discussed the results of research on specific issues such as the content of journals, with particular emphasis on the main topics, such as the justification for the implementation of the Napoleon Code and its analysis in terms of practicality. Finally, niche topics like hounds and tips are presented.

scholarly journals WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN DECISION - MAKING PROCESSES REGARDING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Nikolic ◽  
Sanja Stojanovic
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Starting Point

According to the European Commission, environment protection is an area in which Serbia will have to make maximum efforts to fully meet European standards and requirements of sustainable development in the future. Problems of waste management is especially serious, and in the environmental protection system, it requires immediate attention of wider scientific circles and experts, but also participation and partnership of all members of our community. Starting from the guidelines and recommendations of a number of policy documents that promote partnership and gender equality as a prerequisite for future-oriented development and broader participation of women in decision-making regarding environmental protection, research interests of the authors of this paper are directed towards the problems of women's participation in waste management. The starting point of the study is a hypothesis that women are not sufficiently involved in the decision-making process relating to waste management issues. Within the descriptive research method, methods of primary and secondary source analysis, a comparative analysis and a non-standardized interview were used. The research sample consisted of employees of Public Utility Companies in the Region of Nis, which is included in the Regional Waste Management Plan. The research results indicate a need for women to organize themselves more effectively and efficiently in order to get access to positions that will allow them more power, and therefore become more influential in decision-making in all spheres of social and public life as well as in the field of waste management and environmental protection. Key words:environmental protection, waste management, women, decision-making, sustainable development

New protest movements and the revival of labour politics - A critical examination

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Le Queux
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
Social Movement Unionism ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Areas Of Concern ◽  
Hard Place

This article considers the extent to which the anti-globalisation movement might contribute to a revival of labour politics. The starting point is an awareness that the trade unions and the anti-globalists do not necessarily see eye to eye so that any assumption that they can readily join forces becomes problematical. Four fault lines are identified in relation to key areas of concern: i) political alternatives; ii) participatory democracy; iii) organic cohesion and inclusion; and iv) the renewal of activism. The article focuses on the case of France - regarded as something of an archetype of social movement unionism - and on its interface with the ETUC in the process of European integration. It is pointed out that while - in the view of the author - the anti-globalisation movement does indeed offer a potential source and impetus for a revitalisation of labour politics, this is no tame option but one requiring a carefully thought out strategy on the part of the trade unions and the social movements. The article concludes, accordingly, on a note of scepticism about the way in which the international trade union bodies have so far approached these issues, stressing the risk that the trade unions could find themselves between a rock and a hard place.

scholarly journals Achieving remanufacturing inspection using deep learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chigozie Nwankpa ◽  
Solomon Eze ◽  
Winifred Ijomah ◽  
Anthony Gachagan ◽  
Stephen Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Preliminary Study

Abstract Deep learning has emerged as a state-of-the-art learning technique across a wide range of applications, including image recognition, object detection and localisation, natural language processing, prediction and forecasting systems. With significant applicability, deep learning could be used in new and broader areas of applications, including remanufacturing. Remanufacturing is a process of taking used products through disassembly, inspection, cleaning, reconditioning, reassembly and testing to ascertain that their condition meets new products conditions with warranty. This process is complex and requires a good understanding of the respective stages for proper analysis. Inspection is a critical process in remanufacturing, which guarantees the quality of the remanufactured products. It is currently an expensive manual operation in the remanufacturing process that depends on operator expertise, in most cases. This research investigates the application of deep learning algorithms to inspection in remanufacturing, towards automating the inspection process. This paper presents a novel vision-based inspection system based on deep convolution neural network (DCNN) for eight types of defects, namely pitting, rust, cracks and other combination faults. The materials used for this feasibility study were 100 cm × 150 cm mild steel plate material, purchased locally, and captured using a USB webcam of 0.3 megapixels. The performance of this preliminary study indicates that the DCNN can classify with up to 100% accuracy on validation data and above 96% accuracy on a live video feed, by using 80% of the sample dataset for training and the remaining 20% for testing. Therefore, in the remanufacturing parts inspection, the DCNN approach has high potential as a method that could surpass the current technologies used in the design of inspection systems. This research is the first to apply deep learning techniques in remanufacturing inspection. The proposed method offers the potential to eliminate expert judgement in inspection, save cost, increase throughput and improve precision. This preliminary study demonstrates that deep learning techniques have the potential to revolutionise inspection in remanufacturing. This research offers valuable insight into these opportunities, serving as a starting point for future applications of deep learning algorithms to remanufacturing.

scholarly journals Long-term real-time measurements of aerosol particle composition in Beijing, China: seasonal variations, meteorological effects, and source analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 14549-14591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. L. Sun ◽  
Z. F. Wang ◽  
W. Du ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
Q. Q. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Particle Composition ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract. High concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5) are frequently observed during all seasons in Beijing, China, leading to severe air pollution and human health problems in this megacity. In this study, we conducted real-time measurements of non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) species (sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, chloride, and organics) in Beijing using an Aerodyne Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor for 1 year, from July 2011 to June 2012. This is the first long-term, highly time-resolved (~ 15 min) measurement of fine particle composition in China. The seasonal average (± 1σ) mass concentration of NR-PM1 ranged from 52 (± 49) μg m−3 in the spring season to 62 (± 49) μg m−3 in the summer season, with organics being the major fraction (40–51%), followed by nitrate (17–25%) and sulfate (12–17%). Organics and chloride showed pronounced seasonal variations, with much higher concentrations in winter than in the other seasons, due to enhanced coal combustion emissions. Although the seasonal variations of secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA = sulfate + nitrate + ammonium) concentrations were not significant, higher contributions of SIA were observed in summer (57–61%) than in winter (43–46%), indicating that secondary aerosol production is a more important process than primary emissions in summer. Organics presented pronounced diurnal cycles that were similar among all seasons, whereas the diurnal variations of nitrate were mainly due to the competition between photochemical production and gas–particle partitioning. Our data also indicate that high concentrations of NR-PM1 (> 60 μg m−3) are usually associated with high ambient relative humidity (RH) (> 50%) and that severe particulate pollution is characterized by different aerosol composition in different seasons. All NR-PM1 species showed evident concentration gradients as a function of wind direction, generally with higher values associated with wind from the south, southeast or east. This was consistent with their higher potential as source areas, as determined by potential source contribution function analysis. A common high potential source area, located to the southwest of Beijing along the Taihang Mountains, was observed during all seasons except winter, when smaller source areas were found. These results demonstrate a high potential impact of regional transport from surrounding regions on the formation of severe haze pollution in Beijing.

scholarly journals Long-term real-time measurements of aerosol particle composition in Beijing, China: seasonal variations, meteorological effects, and source analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (17) ◽  
pp. 10149-10165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. L. Sun ◽  
Z. F. Wang ◽  
W. Du ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
Q. Q. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Particle Composition ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract. High concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5) are frequently observed during all seasons in Beijing, China, leading to severe air pollution and human health problems in this megacity. In this study, we conducted real-time measurements of non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) species (sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, chloride, and organics) in Beijing using an Aerodyne Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor for 1 year, from July 2011 to June 2012. This is the first long-term, highly time-resolved (~ 15 min) measurement of fine particle composition in China. The seasonal average (±1σ) mass concentration of NR-PM1 ranged from 52 (±49) μg m−3 in the spring season to 62 (±49) μg m−3 in the summer season, with organics being the major fraction (40–51 %), followed by nitrate (17–25 %) and sulfate (12–17 %). Organics and chloride showed pronounced seasonal variations, with much higher concentrations in winter than in the other seasons, due to enhanced coal combustion emissions. Although the seasonal variations of secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA, i.e., sulfate + nitrate + ammonium) concentrations were not significant, higher contributions of SIA were observed in summer (57–61 %) than in winter (43–46 %), indicating that secondary aerosol production is a more important process than primary emissions in summer. Organics presented pronounced diurnal cycles that were similar among all seasons, whereas the diurnal variations of nitrate were mainly due to the competition between photochemical production and gas–particle partitioning. Our data also indicate that high concentrations of NR-PM1 (> 60 μg m−3) are usually associated with high ambient relative humidity (RH) (> 50 %) and that severe particulate pollution is characterized by different aerosol composition in different seasons. All NR-PM1 species showed evident concentration gradients as a function of wind direction, generally with higher values associated with wind from the south, southeast or east. This was consistent with their higher potential as source areas, as determined by potential source contribution function analysis. A common high potential source area, located to the southwest of Beijing along the Taihang Mountains, was observed during all seasons except winter, when smaller source areas were found. These results demonstrate a high potential impact of regional transport from surrounding regions on the formation of severe haze pollution in Beijing.

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