scholarly journals Mathematical model of colostrum defrosting in super-high-frequency generator equipped

2021 ◽  
Vol 935 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
I Ershova ◽  
M Prosviryakova ◽  
O Mikhailova ◽  
G Novikova ◽  
G Samarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
High Frequency Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Super High Frequency

Abstract The paper is devoted to development and parameters studying of two-resonator super-high-frequency (SHF) generator based on continuous flow principle of action. It is equipped with two quasi-stationary toroidal resonators; so it allows to separate such processes of cattle colostral milk treatnent as defrosting and heating and thus to ensure both the electromagnetic safety and the high electric field strength. In order to improve efficiency of the cattle colostrum defrosting/heating performed by its exposure to the super-high frequency electromagnetic field, the methodology was developed for the SHF generator designing. It includes, firstly, development & studying of mathematical models based on due consideration of the phase transitions and, secondly, the structural designing of the SHF generator working chamber with examination of its effective operating modes. The mathematical model is proposed of the electromagnetic waves interaction with the raw material (colostral milk) being in different physical states. With aid of the electric field strength control (by the generators power changing) and the gap adjustment in the capacitor part of the resonators (by smooth movement of the common perforated base), it is possible to achieve the equipment capacity up to 170… 200 L/h. The energy expenses are 0.025 (kWh)/kg.

scholarly journals Assessment of short/long term electric field strength measurements for a pilot district

Open Physics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Cetin Kurnaz ◽  
Dogan Yildiz ◽  
Serap Karagol
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Day By Day

Abstract The level of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) exposure increases day by day as natural consequences of technological developments. In recent years, the increasing use of cellular systems has made it necessary to measure and evaluate EMR originating from base stations. In this study, broadband and band selective electric field strength (E) measurements were taken at four different times in order to evaluate the change of short term E in Atakum district of Samsun, Turkey. The measurements were collected from 46 different locations using a SRM 3006 and a PMM 8053 EMR meter in a band from 100 kHz to 3 GHz, and the maximum E (Emax) and the average E (Eavg) were recorded. The highest values have been noticed in these measurements at 9.45 V/m and 17.53 V/m for Eavg and Emax respectively. Apart from these measurements, 24 hour long term E measurements were taken at a location where the highest value was observed and analyzed, to observe the change of Es during a day. At the end of the study, a tentative mathematical model that helps in computing the total E of the medium with 95% accuracy, was obtained.

scholarly journals Effect of heating of frozen colostrum in two-resonator installation

2021 ◽  
Vol 935 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
G Novikova ◽  
I Ershova ◽  
M Prosviryakova ◽  
O Mikhailova ◽  
V Storchevoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dielectric Parameters ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Ultra High Frequency ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Frequency Electromagnetic Field

Abstract The study is aimed at the effect substantiation of voluminous heating of the cattle frozen colostrum in the two-resonator installation. The methodology is based on the theory of the electromagnetic field, the laws of thermodynamics and the results of physical modeling. The colostrum dielectric parameters were analyzed in the temperature range from -12 °C to +40 °C. The theoretical studies were carried out for changes finding out in the absorption coefficient of the electromagnetic field and the penetration depth of the electromagnetic waves 12.24 cm long during defrosting/heating of the cow colostrum with the fat content of 6.4%. It is found that the penetration depth of the electromagnetic field into the frozen raw material at negative temperatures range (0.2-1.0 cm) is less than that at the colostrum positive temperatures (1.0-2.17 cm). With such significant difference in the dielectric characteristics of the frozen and thawed colostrum and in their penetration depths of the ultra high frequency electromagnetic field, the rate of their heating is considerably different. The developed continuous-flow ultra high frequency electromagnetic generator contains two voluminous resonators. They provide the colostrum being in different physical states with different doses of the ultra high frequency electromagnetic field exposure.

Effective Modes of Pre-Sowing Treatment of Sunfl ower Seeds in an Electric Field of Alternating Voltage

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (43) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Igor V. Yudaev ◽  
◽  
Sergey V. Volobuev ◽  
Yuriy I. Khanin ◽  
Denis S. Ivushkin
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Processing Modes ◽  
Alternating Voltage

Sunflower is the main oilseed crop in Russia and serves as a raw material for the production of vegetable oil. In order to increase field germination, plant safety, increase the yield and oil content of seeds, chemical and biological preparations are used that are not completely absorbed by plants and remain in the soil, where they accumulate and have a negative impact on the environment. To increase the conditioned qualities of seeds, electrophysical methods of their pre-sowing treatment are used, which accelerate the processes of germination in the seed and suppress the pathogenic microflora. Depending on the morphological features of the seed structure, it is necessary to set the processing modes for each culture, in which the greatest technological effect is achieved. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying the effect of the electric field of alternating voltage of industrial frequency 50 Hertz on the laboratory germination of sunflower hybrid seeds and searching for effective treatment modes. (Materials and methods) The SKAT-70 device was used as a source of high alternating voltage, the seeds were placed in a chamber between the electrodes, which, after processing, were placed in Petri dishes and germinated in a thermostat. (Results and discussion) The electric field strength in the experiments varied from 2 to 10 kilovolts per centimeter, in increments of 2 kilovolts per centimeter, and the seed treatment time from 15 to 105 seconds with an interval of 15 seconds. At a voltage of 2 kilovolts per centimeter, laboratory germination increased slightly, the maximum values were achieved at a voltage of 6-8 kilovolts per centimeter and the exposure time was from 60 to 90 seconds. (Conclusions) Effective processing modes are processing during 90 seconds at an electric field strength of 6 kilovolts per centimeter, and processing during 60 seconds at a voltage of 8 kilovolts per centimeter.

Weibull Distribution Function Based on an Empirical Mathematical Model for Inactivation of Escherichia coli by Pulsed Electric Fields

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1007-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. RODRIGO ◽  
G. V. BARBOSA-CÁNOVAS ◽  
A. MARTÍNEZ ◽  
M. RODRIGO
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Distribution Function ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Inactivation Kinetics ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
Weibull Distribution Function

The pulsed electric field inactivation kinetics of Escherichia coli suspended in orange juices with three different concentrations of carrot juice (0, 20, and 60%) was studied. Electric field strengths ranged from 25 to 40 kV/cm, and treatment times ranged from 40 to 340 μs. Experimental data were fitted to Bigelow, Hülsheger, and Weibull distribution functions, and the Weibull function provided the best fit (with the lowest mean square error). The dependency of each model's kinetic constant on electric field strength and carrot juice concentration was studied. A secondary model was developed to describe the relationship of Weibull parameters a and n to electric field strength and carrot juice concentration. An empirical mathematical model based on the Weibull distribution function, relating the natural logarithm of the survival fraction to treatment time, electric field strength, and carrot juice concentration, was developed. Parameters were estimated by a nonlinear regression. The results of this study indicate that the error rate for the model's predictions was 6.5% and that the model was suitable for describing E. coli inactivation.

Optical Measurement of the Electric Field Strength in a Gel Insulator

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
pp. 1420-1421
Author(s):  
Yusuke Tanaka ◽  
Yuji Nagaoka ◽  
Hyeon-Gu Jeon ◽  
Masaharu Fujii ◽  
Haruo Ihori
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Optical Measurement

Effect of external magnetic field on lane formation in driven pair-ion plasmas

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Baruah ◽  
U. Sarma ◽  
R. Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Coupling Parameter ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Coulomb Coupling ◽  
Lane Formation ◽  
Parameter Values

Lane formation dynamics in externally driven pair-ion plasma (PIP) particles is studied in the presence of external magnetic field using Langevin dynamics (LD) simulation. The phase diagram obtained distinguishing the no-lane and lane states is systematically determined from a study of various Coulomb coupling parameter values. A peculiar lane formation-disintegration parameter space is identified; lane formation area extended to a wide range of Coulomb coupling parameter values is observed before disappearing to a mixed phase. The different phases are identified by calculating the order parameter. This and the critical parameters are calculated directly from LD simulation. The critical electric field strength value above which the lanes are formed distinctly is obtained, and it is observed that in the presence of the external magnetic field, the PIP system requires a higher value of the electric field strength to enter into the lane formation state than that in the absence of the magnetic field. We further find out the critical value of electric field frequency beyond which the system exhibits a transition back to the disordered state and this critical frequency is found as an increasing function of the electric field strength in the presence of an external magnetic field. The movement of the lanes is also observed in a direction perpendicular to that of the applied electric and magnetic field directions, which reveals the existence of the electric field drift in the system under study. We also use an oblique force field as the external driving force, both in the presence and absence of the external magnetic field. The application of this oblique force changes the orientation of the lane structures for different applied oblique angle values.

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