scholarly journals Calculation of tectonic stresses in the earth’s crust of SouthWestern Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (4) ◽  
pp. 042087
Author(s):  
A Markov ◽  
A Kazakov ◽  
M Haqberdiyev ◽  
Sh Muhitdinov ◽  
M Rahimova
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Limit ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Elastic Interaction ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Tectonic Stresses ◽  
Deep Faults ◽  
Earth's Crust

Abstract In this article, based on accounting, the interaction of the Earth’s crust blocks is limited by the deep breaks in the form of three-layer panels. The analysis dependences for tectonic pressure on elasticity parameters and the Earth’s crust layers capacity were obtained using the hypothesis of linear changes of deformations on the height of panels and the elasticity for bottom layers of the Earth’s crust. This paper considers the elastic interaction of crustal blocks bounded by deep faults in the form of three-layer panels. Using the hypothesis of linear measurement of deformations along with the height of the board and the elastic limit for the lower layer of the Earth’s crust, calculated dependences for tectonic stresses on the elasticity and thickness of the layers of the Earth’s crust are obtained.

scholarly journals Special Features of the Forming of Thermal Waters of the Eastern Part of the Khangay Neotectonic Uplift

2011 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
PS Badminov ◽  
D Ganchimeg ◽  
BI Pisarsky ◽  
D Oyuntsetseg ◽  
GI Orgilyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Faults ◽  
Continental Rift ◽  
The Other ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Large Block ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Deep Faults ◽  
Rift Zones ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Khangay neotectonic uplift is a large block of the earth’s crust confined to the area between two sublatitudinal deep faults (Bulnay and Goby-Altay). They are active faults accommodating main compression stresses in contract to the extension existed in the other area of the Khangay uplift. In contrast to continental rift zones of Khangay it is the region of compression. It is area with the increased values of the heat flux.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v0i4.48 Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences 2009 No 4 pp.64-70

scholarly journals Study on structure of the Earth’s crust in Thua Thien-Hue province and adjacent areas by using gravity and magnetic data in combination

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-526
Author(s):  
Pham Nam Hung ◽  
Cao Dinh Trong ◽  
Le Van Dung ◽  
Thai Anh Tuan ◽  
Mai Xuan Bach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Layer ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Gravity And Magnetic ◽  
Basaltic Layer ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
Gravity And Magnetic Data

This paper presents the structural characteristics of the Earth’s crust in Thua Thien-Hue province and adjacent area based on interpretation of gravity and magnetic data in combination. Research results have shown that: The depth of crystalline basement varies complicatedly, in the range of 0–11 km. The depth of Conrad surface increases from Northeast (12 km) to Southwest (18 km) and the depth of Moho surface is 23–34 km; The density of sedimentary layer changes from 2.61 g/cm3 to 2.65 g/cm3. Meanwhile, the density of granitic layer is in the range of 2.68–2.73 g/cm3. The basaltic layer has the density value of 2.88–2.93 g/cm3 and the average density of lower layer of the Earth’s crust is about 3.30 g/cm3; The depth of second-order faults, Red River and A Luoi - Rao Quan, is through the Earth’s crust. Meanwhile, the depth of influence of third-order faults, Chay river, Dong Ha - Phu Vang, Vinh Linh, Hue - Son Tra and Tam Ky - Phuoc Son, is within the thickness of the Earth’s crust.

scholarly journals Mixgenetic concept of of oil and gas fields formation in basement and sedimentary cover on the shelf of South Vietnam

Georesursy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Vladimir K. Utoplennikov ◽  
Anastasia D. Drabkina
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zones ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Deep Faults ◽  
Oil Deposits ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
Gas Fields ◽  
Active Continental Margins

According to the geodynamic model of oil and gas formation, the most favorable conditions for the oil and gas fields are formed in the mobile zones of the earth’s crust, especially in areas of active continental margins, characterized by high seismicity, the presence of deep faults, the development of subduction and riftogenic processes. Therefore, it is logical that most of the world’s oil and gas deposits are concentrated in rifts or in the vicinity of paleo- and modern subduction zones. The study of the unique oil deposits in the granite basement of the White Tiger field, using data from other fields in the world, allows concluding that the formation of oil deposits in the basement can occur not only due to the resources of adjacent oil and gas deposits. Taking into account modern geodynamic ideas, in the context of the Earth’s internal geospheres, at least three oil generation zones can be distinguished: mantle-asthenospheric abiogenic synthesis; subduction-dissipative biomineral synthesis; stratospheric-biogenic synthesis. Obviously, all these three zones, as a single open system for the generation of hydrocarbons, will be interconnected only in conditions of deep faults, active continental margins and other parts of the Earth’s crust. This suggests that there are deep generation zones, which are currently fueling the developed fields.

scholarly journals Density heterogeneity of the Earth’s crust of Ukraine and adjacent territories from three-dimensional gravity modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-95
Author(s):  
I.B. Makarenko
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Donets Basin ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
First Time

The work was performed to study the density heterogeneity of the crust of Ukraine and adjacent regions analyzing detailed 3D gravity models of the following tectonic regions and separate structures: Dnieper-Donets Basin and Donbas, Ingulsky megablock, Golovanivska suture zone, latitudinal zones of fractures of the Ukrainian Shield, Black Sea megadepression and surrounding areas. The models are constructed on the basis of geological, petrophysical and seismic data along geotravers, DSS profiles, the modern WARR methodsand are calculated using the automated software complex for interpretation of potential fields GMT-Auto. As a result, new information was obtained for the density distribution in the whole Earth’s crust.The density distributions construct for the entire crust of Ukraine and adjacent regions at certain depths (surface of the basement, 10, 20, 30 km, Moho discontinuity). The thickness was determined for conditionally distinguished «granite», «diorite», «basalt» layers of the Earth’s crust and crust-mantle mixture within the whole region of the study. Its values are graphically represented by isolines on the respective schematical maps. The resulting density inhomogeneity became the basis for constructing, for the first time in a three-dimensional version, a scheme for the predictive composition of the Earth’s crust with typification according to the power ratios of its constituent layers. The heterogeneity of the present-day consolidated crust of the whole study area is characterized by granitic, granitic-dioritic, dioritic and basaltoid types. To clearly identify the dismemberment of the lower layer of the crust which is considered inseparable by the classification of the DSS method the basaltoid type is divided into 3 subtypes. The subtype 1 with a content of 40—70 % of basalt, subtype 2, where concent-ration of basalt increases to 70—90 % and subtype 3, which is composed only of basalt.It has been established that the basicity of the Earth’s crust of the USh changes from west to east, respectively, from basalt to diorite type. Decrease in crustal basicity is also observed in suture zones, namely from diorite and basaltoid typein Golovanivskii suture to basaltoid and diorite type in the Inguletsko-Kryvorizckii suture and diorite type in the Orikhivsko-Pavlogradskii suture. In the DDB the crustal basicity increases from northwest to southeast in accordance with the segmentation of this feature. The basaltoid type of the crust is predominant in the Black Sea megadepression and adjacent territories. For the first time, a type of crust was identified that does not coincide with the known ones and is characterized by the presence in the section of the «basalt» and «granite» layers (with a zero or very low «diorite» thickness). A similar type of bark is present in the Ingul megablock of the USh, in the northern side zone of the DDB, as well as in the Black Sea megadepression.

scholarly journals The role of thermoelectrical elements of Earth’s crust in the study of its thermal deep processes

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Arkadiy N. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Mathematical Solution ◽  
Deep Faults ◽  
Electric Potentials ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
Mantle Temperature ◽  
And Control

The article is devoted to the study of thermoelectrical element. The model of thermoelectrical element of Earth’s crust was developed. Long-lived deep faults with graphite ores inside are the basis of the element, they provide continuous electrical connection between the upper part of Earth’s crust and the mantle. Temperature difference between them can reach 1 000 0С and more because of geotemperature gradient. That is why Seebeck effect causes thermopower and thermoelectrical currents moving directly upwards to arise. And that is the reason why natural electric potentials of high intensity up to –2…–10 V are fixed over graphitized rocks because of presence of thermopower. There was found a mathematical solution to quantify them. Stationary observation of those thermopotentials can help study Earth’s tense zones and control the dynamics of thermal deep processes, which are often connected with volcanic activity and seismic events.

scholarly journals African lakes Nios and Mone — indicators of unique carbon element-deep respiration of the Earth

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-22
Author(s):  
Mykola Shatalov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Hydrate Shell ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Crater Lakes ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Deep Faults ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
Hydrate Plug

As a result of the analysis of space, geological and tectonic information, it was established that the true causes of natural ecolymnological disasters in Cameroon in 1984 and 1986 were modern fault-block tectonic movements, which are closely associated with seismic and geodynamics in one of the sections of the “living” Adamawa Mountains. The main cause of catastrophes must be considered the activation of endogenous processes occurring in the mantle and the tectonosphere of the Earth. Cosmo- and rotogenesis of the planet Earth, in the near-surface parts of the Earth’s crust of the Adamava mountain segment, led to intensive mountain-building and heat exchange processes, the causes and mechanism of which are closely associated with the rise of abnormally hot magmatic material and gas-liquid fluids containing CO2 from the mantle. Favorable transport routes for heat and mass transfer in the Earth’s lithosphere are volcanic channels, as well as the orthogonal and diagonal network of deep faults. At the same time, volcanic channels should be considered as unique drain pipes of our planet. The lethal carbon dioxide ejected from the depths of Lakes Nyos and Monun is mainly a differentiate of igneous melts, and the latter, in turn, have mantle “roots” extending to a depth of 200–300 km. The volcano-crater lakes Nios and Monun are confined to the nodes of the intersection of “living” deep faults, revealing the deep horizons of the planet, where in magmatic foci CO2 is predominant as products of differentiation. The author proposed a mechanism for the formation of a solid gas hydrate shell, a relatively tightly sealed volcanic crater. This giant gas hydrate plug prevented the gradual-passive circulation, i. e. outflow of CO2 into the hydrosphere and atmosphere coming from deep and intermediate magmatic foci. So, under the gas hydrate shell of the lakes Nios and Monun, a large amount of CO2 accumulated. Explosive emissions of significant amounts of lethal gas could appear only with the geodynamic activation of the earth’s crust, where these unique volcano-crater lakes are located. Seismotectonic processes contributed to the destruction of the gas hydrate shell and the breakthrough of CO2 through fractures, cracks and through the water membrane to the surface. Emissions of gases on the volcano-crater lakes Nyos and Monun are the brightest example (indicator) of the Earth’s carbon dioxide-deep degassing.

scholarly journals Unfolding the procedure of characterizing recorded ultra low frequency, kHZ and MHz electromagnetic anomalies prior to the L'Aquila earthquake as pre-seismic ones - Part 2

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Eftaxias ◽  
G. Balasis ◽  
Y. Contoyiannis ◽  
C. Papadimitriou ◽  
M. Kalimeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
L’Aquila Earthquake ◽  
Disordered System ◽  
Tectonic Stresses ◽  
Catastrophic Earthquake ◽  
Multidisciplinary Analysis ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract. Ultra low frequency-ULF (1 Hz or lower), kHz and MHz electromagnetic (EM) anomalies were recorded prior to the L'Aquila catastrophic earthquake (EQ) that occurred on 6 April 2009. The detected anomalies followed this temporal scheme. (i) The MHz EM anomalies were detected on 26 March 2009 and 2 April 2009. The kHz EM anomalies were emerged on 4 April 2009. The ULF EM anomaly was appeared from 29 March 2009 up to 3 April 2009. The question effortlessly arises as to whether the observed anomalies before the L'Aquila EQ were seismogenic or not. The main goal of this work is to provide some insight into this issue. More precisely, the main aims of this contribution are threefold: How can we recognize an EM observation as pre-seismic one? We aim, through a multidisciplinary analysis to provide some elements of a definition. How can we link an individual EM anomaly with a distinctive stage of the EQ preparation process? The present analysis is consistent with the hypothesis that the kHz EM anomalies were associated with the fracture of asperities that were distributed along the L'Aquila fault sustaining the system, while the MHz EM anomalies could be triggered by fractures in the highly disordered system that surrounded the backbone of asperities of the activated fault. How can we identify precursory symptoms in an individual EM precursor that indicate that the occurrence of the EQ is unavoidable? We clearly state that the detection of a MHz EM precursor does not mean that the occurrence of EQ is unavoidable; the abrupt emergence of kHz EM emissions indicate the fracture of asperities. The observed ULF EM anomaly supports the hypothesis of a relationship between processes produced by increasing tectonic stresses in the Earth's crust and attendant EM interactions between the crust and ionosphere. We emphasize that we attempt to specify not only whether or not a single EM anomaly is pre-seismic in itself, but mainly whether a combination of emergent ULF, MHz and kHz EM anomalies could be characterized as pre-earthquake.

scholarly journals THE DISPERSION OF HORIZONTAL TECTONIC STRESSES IN THE EARTH'S CRUST IN THE BALTIC REGION / ŽEMĖS PLUTOS HORIZONTALIŲJŲ TEKTONINIŲ ĮTEMPIŲ PABALTIJO TERITORIJOJE SKLAIDA / РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ТЕКТОНИЧЕСКИХ ГОРИЗОНТАЛЬНЫХ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ ЗЕМНОЙ КОРЫ В ПРИБАЛТИКЕ

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Algimantas Zakarevičius ◽  
Saulius Šliaupa ◽  
Eimuntas Paršeliūnas ◽  
Arūnas Būga ◽  
Arminas Stanionis
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Principal Stress ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Tectonic Stresses ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
The Baltic

GPS measurements recorded within the period from1992 to 2003 were employed to investigate horizontal tectonic stresses in the Earth's crust in the Baltic region. To avoid the impact of discrepancies in the systems of coordinates upon the parameters of deformations, the method of tensor analysis was applied thus estimating parameters employing the method of finite elements. Computations were performed using the created algorithms and applying ANSYS code. The values of tectonic stresses in the Earth's crust in the territory of the Baltic Sea region were calculated considering changes in maximum and minimum principal stresses. The value of change in maximum principal stress in the territory of the Baltic Sea region varies between –0.0013 MPa and +0.0032 MPa; the value of change in minimum principal stress varies between –0.0084 MPa and +0.0009 MPa. Positive values are dominating in directions of changes in maximum principal stresses (extension), whereas negative values – in directions of changes in minimum principal stresses (compression). Santrauka Žemės plutos horizontaliesiems tektoniniams įtempiams tirti naudoti 1992–2003 m. GPS matavimų duomenys. Siekiant išvengti koordinačių sistemų nesutapimo įtakos deformacijų parametrams, taikyta tenzorinės analizės metodika, parametrus įvertinant baigtinių elementų metodu. Skaičiavimai atlikti Ansysprograma. Apskaičiuoti Žemės plutos horizontalieji tektoniniai įtempiai Pabaltijo teritorijoje – svarbiausių maksimaliųjų ir minimaliųjų įtempių pokyčiai. Maksimaliųjų svarbiausių įtempių pokyčiai Pabaltijo teritorijoje svyruoja nuo –0,0013 MPa iki +0,0032 MPa; minimaliųjų – nuo –0,0084 MPa iki +0,0009 MPa. Резюме Для исследования горизонтальных тектонических напряжений земной коры были использованы результаты измерений ГПС, выполненных в 1992 и 2003 гг. Для того, чтобы исключить влияние несовпадения систем координат на полученные результаты параметров деформаций, была применена инвариантная системам координат методика тензорного анализа. Параметры деформаций вычислялись с использованием метода конечных элементов. Для моделирования использована программа Ansys. Определены тектонические горизонтальные напряжения земной коры в Прибалтике: главные напряжения. Максимальные напряжения находятся в пределах от –0,0013 МПа до+0,0032 МПа. Минимальные напряжения меняются от –0,0084 МПа до +0,0009 МПа.

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