scholarly journals Occurrence of microplastics in the sediments of Baseco Port area at Manila Bay, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 958 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
L J A Castro ◽  
A M Monsada ◽  
K D Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Size Measurement ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Manila Bay ◽  
Average Size

Abstract Microplastic in marine sediments is nowadays considered an environmental pollutant. Seaports are particularly susceptible to microplastic pollution through series of human activities occurring in these areas. In the Philippines, research on microplastics is still limited and there is still no study determining the occurrence of microplastics in the harbour of Manila Bay, Philippines. Hence, this work conducted a preliminary investigation of microplastics in the sediments of Baseco Port area, Manila Bay. Nine stations within the study region were sampled. The types of microplastics found are fragments, foam, fiber, film, pellet, and filament with an average size measurement of 1.6±1.4 mm. Results from this study suggest that anthropogenic impacts are most likely the dominant sources of accumulation and distribution of microplastics in the sediments of Baseco port. This study provides preliminary assessment of microplastics contamination in the area that may serve as important reference for further studies.

A Preliminary Assessment on the Herpetofaunal Diversity of the Taal Volcano Protected Landscape (TVPL), Batangas Philippines

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Ecological Community ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Taal Volcano ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Study Sites

The Taal Volcano Protected Landscape (TVPL) encompasses a prehistoric volcano caldera that caters to many documented endemic species. Although regarded as a unique area with the potential to house a diverse ecological community, biodiversity research in TVPL is still found wanting. The present paper aims to provide baseline information and increase research interests on the herpetofaunal diversity of TVPL, in light of its many undocumented terrestrial faunal species. Twelve study sites within the municipalities of Tanauan, Mataasnakahoy, and Balete were visited during survey trips from May to November 2015. A combination of transect and opportunistic sampling techniques were utilized, with morphometric data and sexual maturity recorded for each specimen collected. This preliminary survey provided 24 newly documented species of amphibians and reptiles occurring within TVPL. A total 10 frog species (from families Bufonidae, Ceratobatrachidae, Microhylidae, Dicroglossidae, Ranidae, and Rhacophoridae) and 14 reptile species (from families Agamidae, Gekkonidae, Scincidae, Varanidae, Acrochordidae, Colubridae, Elapidae, and Tryonychidae) were documented. Of the reptiles recorded, 3 are endemic species and widespread throughout the Philippines: Gekko mindorensis, Hydrosaurus pustulatus, and Draco spilopterus. Also recorded were the Philippine endemic frogs Kaloula picta and Limnonectes woodworthi along with the Luzon endemics Platymantis mimulus and Varanus marmoratus. The species-effort curve of amphibians showed a distinct plateau whereas the species-effort curve of reptiles has shown an increasing trend suggesting that additional sampling efforts should be done in the area to further increase knowledge of the TVPL herpetofaunal diversity.

U.S. Security Strategy and Southeast Asia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin C. Ott
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Spanish American ◽  
Security Strategy ◽  
Spanish American War ◽  
Spanish Colonial ◽  
Manila Bay ◽  
The U.S

With the exception of the Philippines, America’s strategic interest in and engagement with Southeast Asia begins with World War II. Prior to that “Monsoon Asia” was remote and exotic—a place of fabled kingdoms, jungle headhunters, and tropical seas. By the end of the nineteenth century European powers had established colonial rule over the entire region except Thailand. Then, as the twentieth century dawned, the Spanish colonial holdings in the Philippines suddenly and unexpectedly became available to the United States as an outcome of the Spanish-American War and Admiral Dewey’s destruction of the decrepit Spanish fleet in Manila Bay. This chapter examines the strategic pivot in Southeast Asia and the role China plays in affecting the U.S. position in this region.

Risk-Based Radiological Site Investigation and Assessment Methodology for the Sellafield Site, Cumbria, UK

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdi El-Ghonemy ◽  
Candida Lean ◽  
Alexander G. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Retrieval System ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
Working Practices ◽  
Identification Stage ◽  
A Site

A preliminary assessment of the Sellafield site in Cumbria was undertaken to provide the information for the hazard identification stage in the environmental risk assessment process. This preliminary investigation has been crucial to understanding the site’s history, the zones of potential risk and for the design of a site investigation. The formalised assessment strategy that has subsequently been developed by BNFL for the Sellafield study has drawn upon UK and international guidance to take into account the size of the site and the anticipated complexity of issues. The approach presented represents an advance on existing working practices in contaminated land investigations. The use of a generic list of Features, Events and Processes (FEPs) has been adopted to ensure the systematic and comprehensive appraisal of all relevant uncertainties and sources of risk. Proforma have also been developed to provide a data management and retrieval system that is transparent for quality assurance purposes. This unique approach facilitates the development of conceptual site models as new data become available during the site investigation. It also aids in the development and justification of alternative site conceptualisations and in the early identification of data and interpretative uncertainty.

scholarly journals UTILIZATION OF SENTINEL-2 IMAGERY IN THE ESTIMATION OF PLASTICS AMONG FLOATING DEBRIS ALONG THE COAST OF MANILA BAY

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W6-2021 ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
M. L. R. Gonzaga ◽  
M. T. S. Wong ◽  
A. C. Blanco ◽  
J. A. Principe
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Index ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Manila Bay ◽  
Supervised Classification Methods ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Sentinel 2

Abstract. With the Philippines ranking as the third largest source of plastics that end up in the oceans, there is a need to further explore methodologies that will become an aid in plastic waste removal from the ocean. Manila Bay is a natural harbor in the Philippines that serves as the center of different economic activities. However, the bay is also threatened with plastic pollution due to increasing population and industrial activities. BASECO is one of the areas in Manila Bay where clean-up activities are focused as this is where trash accumulates. Sentinel-2 images are provided free of charge by the European Commission's Copernicus Programme. Satellite images from June 2019 to May 2020 were inspected, then cloud-free images were downloaded. After downloading and pre-processing, spectral data of different types of plastic such as shipping pouch, bubble wrap, styrofoam, PET bottle, sando bag and snack packaging that were measured by a spectrometer during a fieldwork by the Development of Integrated Mapping, Monitoring, and Analytical Network System for Manila Bay and Linked Environments (project MapABLE) were utilized in the selection of training data. Then, indices such as the Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI), Floating Debris Index (FDI) and Plastic Index (PI) from previous studies were analyzed for further separation of classes used as training data. These training data served as an input to the two supervised classification methods, Naive Bayes and Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering (MTMF). Both methods were validated by reports and articles from Philippine agencies indicating the spots where trash frequently accumulates.

scholarly journals Dynamic Monitoring of an Existing Reinforced Concrete Building in Naples Port Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Pasquale Bencivenga ◽  
Corrado Chisari ◽  
Costantino Dell’Aversano ◽  
Vittorio Pasquino ◽  
Massimiliano Ferraioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Model Updating ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Acceleration Sensors

Introduction: The conservation and preservation of existing buildings, in particular public infrastructures, is currently a significant issue in Italy and Europe, considering their strategic role and the risk represented by human losses, management issues and also economic disruption in case of collapse. In this context, the interest in conservation is not restricted to monumental or artistical buildings but also includes the several buildings composing the Italian infrastructural heritage, which in many cases are made of reinforced concrete and show signs of ageing after half a century and more from their construction. Methods: On the basis of these premises, in the present paper, a preliminary investigation on an infrastructural case study located in Naples port is presented. Such a study is part of a research activity aimed at defining critical structural issues of the central administrative building of the Central Tyrrhenian Sea Port System Authority. Results: A system of high-sensitivity and low-cost MEMS acceleration sensors were installed on the structure, with the aim of investigating its dynamic behaviour. A Finite Element model of the building was created, including information about material properties and cross-section details from prior experimental activities. A model updating procedure was carried out, based on the dynamic data collected by the monitoring system and post-processed to estimate the fundamental frequencies. Conclusion: This has allowed highlighting the main features of the dynamic response of the building, and the critical role played by deformability of infill panels and floors on the modal properties of the structure.

Chlorinated hydrocarbons in sediments from Manila Bay, the Philippines

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-504
Author(s):  
Fernando P. Carvalho ◽  
Jean‐Pierre Villeneuve ◽  
Chantal Cattini ◽  
Cristina M. Bajet ◽  
Mariafe Navarro‐Calingacion
Keyword(s):  
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Manila Bay

A computational procedure for assessing the effect of water pollution on a salmon run

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-171
Author(s):  
G. H. Brox ◽  
S. O. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Computational Procedure ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Salmon Fishery

The difficulties in assessing the effects of water pollution on a salmon fishery are illustrated with the example of pollution in the lower Fraser River and the Chilko run of sockeye salmon. Changes in water quality in the lower Fraser affect the salmon as they migrate to sea as smolts and as they return to spawn. A procedure is presented for making a preliminary assessment of the effect of additional mortality induced by water quality changes on the average size of the run; ways of extending the analysis to estimate probable trends in water quality and the effects this would have on the salmon fishery are outlined.

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