The Effect of Different Khaya Senegalensis Raw Feedstock Particle Sizes On Solid Fuel Pellet Quality

Abstract The characteristics of the solid fuel pellets, such as its strength, durability and density can be used to assess its quality. During the transport and storage, pellets with low strength and durability produces dusts and ultimately resulting in equipment blockage, high pollution emissions, and an increased risk of fire and explosion. Therefore, pellet manufacturing process should be given priority to improve pellet quality. The use of binder in the production of pellets will aid in improving pellet quality. Therefore, this study investigates the influence of different binder percentages on the mechanical properties of K. senegelensis fuel pellets. Durability, unit density, bulk density and diametral compressive strength testing were carried out in compliance with international standards. It was discovered that pellets containing 4% cassava starch binder produces better results, particularly in terms of durability and compressive ldiametral strength.

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The effects of kraft lignin additives on wood fuel pellet quality, energy use and shelf life

Fuel Processing Technology ◽

10.1016/j.fuproc.2013.02.011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 112 ◽

pp. 64-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Jonas Berghel ◽

Stefan Frodeson ◽

Karin Granström ◽

Roger Renström ◽

Magnus Ståhl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Energy Use ◽

Kraft Lignin ◽

Fuel Pellet ◽

Pellet Quality ◽

Wood Fuel

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Pelletization of torrefied canola residue: Effects of microwave power, residence time and bio-additives on fuel pellet quality

Fuel ◽

10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122728 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 312 ◽

pp. 122728

Author(s):

Tumpa R. Sarker ◽

Sonil Nanda ◽

Venkatesh Meda ◽

Ajay K. Dalai

Keyword(s):

Residence Time ◽

Microwave Power ◽

Fuel Pellet ◽

Pellet Quality

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Effect of Dual Surface Cooling on the Temperature Distribution of a Nuclear Fuel Pellet

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.769.296 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 769 ◽

pp. 296-310

Author(s):

Odii Christopher Joseph ◽

Agyekum Ephraim Bonah ◽

Bright Kwame Afornu

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Temperature Distribution ◽

Nuclear Fuel ◽

Solid Fuel ◽

Nucleate Boiling ◽

Temperature Management ◽

Fuel Pellet ◽

Surface Cooling ◽

Fuel Pellets ◽

External Cooling

Heat removal from nuclear reactor core has been one of the major Engineering considerations in the construction of nuclear power plant. At the center of this consideration is the nuclear fuel pellet whose burning efficiency determines the rate of heat transfer to the coolant. This research, focuses on the study of temperature distribution of solid fuel, temperature distribution of annular fuel with external cooling and the temperature distribution of annular fuel with internal and external cooling. We analyzed the different distribution and made a conclusion on the possibility of improving temperature management of Nuclear fuel rod, by designing fuel pellets based on this geometrical and thermal Analysis. To date, a lot of studies has been done on the thermal and geometrical properties of Nuclear fuel pellet, it is observed that annular fuel pellet with simulteneous internal and external cooling can achieve better temperature distribution which leads to high linear heat generation rate, thus generating more power in the design [1]. It has also been observed that annular fuel pellets has low fission gas release [10]. In large LOCA, the peak cladding temperature of annular fuel is about 600 which is significantly less than that of solid fuel (920 ), this is due to the fact that annular fuel cladding has lower initial temperature and the thinner annular fuel can be cooled more efficiently than the solid fuel. One of drawbacks of annular fuel technology is “the fuel gap conductance assymmetry” which is caused by outward thermal expansion, it has a potential effect on the MDNBR (Minimum Departure from Nucleate Boiling Ratio), which is the minimum ratio of the critical to actual heat flux found in the core [10]. In this model, we used the ceramic fuel pellet of UO2 as our case study. All the parameters in this model are assumed parameters of UO2. The Heat Transfer tool (ANSYS APDL) was used to validate the Analytical Model of this research.

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Improvement of Wood Fuel Pellet Quality Using Sustainable Sugar Additives

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.11.2.3373-3383 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Magnus Ståhl ◽

Jonas Berghel ◽

Karin Granström

Keyword(s):

Fuel Pellet ◽

Pellet Quality ◽

Wood Fuel

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The study of the influence of particle sizes on the thermal decomposition of minerals present in solid fuel

Thermochimica Acta ◽

10.1016/0040-6031(89)87076-5 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 146 ◽

pp. 63-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vitaly Yu. Zakharov

Keyword(s):

Thermal Decomposition ◽

Solid Fuel ◽

Particle Sizes

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Thermal Conversion Characteristic of Pelletized Jatropha Residue and Glycerol Waste

ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability, Volume 1 ◽

10.1115/es2009-90223 ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Viboon Sricharoenchaikul ◽

Duangduen Atong

Keyword(s):

Solid Fuel ◽

Thermal Conversion ◽

Hydraulic Press ◽

Fuel Pellet ◽

Glycerol Content ◽

Total Conversion ◽

Synthetic Fuel ◽

Conversion Characteristic ◽

Conversion Time

Adverse environmental effects resulting from fossil fuel usage as well as foreseeable conventional energy depletion lead to the exploration of alternative fuel materials especially the renewable ones. In this work, characterization of synthetic fuel material formed by pelletization of Jatropha residue (physic nut) using glycerol waste as a binder was carried out in order to investigate the feasibility of utilizing these waste materials as another renewable energy source. Both wastes are by products from biodiesel manufacturing process. Synthetic fuel materials of Jatropha residue mixed with 0–50% glycerol waste were formed to length of about 11 mm and diameter of about 13 mm under pressure of 7 MPa in a hydraulic press. Maximum compressive stress (2.52×105 N/m2) of the fuel pellet occurred at 10% glycerol waste. Thermal conversion characteristic of solid fuel was studied by using single particle reactivity testing scheme at temperature of 500–900°C under partial oxidation atmosphere. In general, higher glycerol content in solid fuel as well as oxygen concentration in reacting gas resulted in greater decomposition rate from 0.006–0.110 g/sec. Burning started with a relative short drying phase, followed with a longer pyrolysis time and thereafter the dominated char combustion time which took around 35–57% of total conversion time. The average total conversion time varied from 26 to 288 sec, depended mainly on reaction temperature. Higher glycerol content resulted in char with lower density and higher shrinkage with greater porosity. Greatest changes in pellet diameter, height, and density of 75.6%, 89.2%, and 91.5%, respectively, were exhibited at 5% oxygen atmosphere and 900°C. The results suggested that Jatropha residue mixed with glycerol is suitable for utilization as quality solid fuel.

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Combustion Melting Characterisation of Solid Fuel Obtained from Sewage Sludge

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14040805 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 805

Author(s):

Dongju Kim ◽

Dong-kyoo Park ◽

Yong-taek Lim ◽

Soo-nam Park ◽

Yeong-Su Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Solid Fuel ◽

Bottom Ash ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Fuel Pellet ◽

Heating Value ◽

Plant Experiment ◽

Measurement Experiment ◽

Metal Elution

Solid fuelization technology can increase the heating value of sewage sludge such that it can be utilised as a fossil fuel substitutes. Reducing landfilling of bottom and fly ash resulting from heavy metals contained in sewage sludge is challenging. Hence, combustion melting technology (CMT), which can discharge bottom ash in the form of slag, has been proposed herein as an alternative to the conventional incineration technology. However, further research is required to improve the flowability of slag. Applicability of CMT for the stable treatment of heavy metals in the ash generated during the energisation of sewage sludge solid fuel has been reviewed. The change in the degree of fluidity was identified via a laboratory-scale fluidity measurement experiment following changes in melting temperature, mixing ratio of sewage sludge and sawdust, and basicity. The pouring index (PI) of sewage sludge solid fuel (pellet) was maintained at a level of about 60% at a basicity index of 0.8. Based on the results, the slagging rates and volume reduction rates, exhaust gas analysis, and heavy metal elution characteristics under oxygen enrichment were derived from a 2 ton/day combustion melting pilot plant experiment; thereafter, the feasibility of combustion melting of sewage sludge solid fuel was determined.

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Influence of blending proportions of Teak Sawdust and Cajuput leaves on characteristics of biomass pellets

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202018703001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 187 ◽

pp. 03001

Author(s):

Wassachol Wattana ◽

Nattaya Montri ◽

Manussavee Wongjanakul ◽

Yingyot Naratta ◽

Sansanee Duangjinda

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Solid Fuel ◽

Alternative Fuel ◽

Sustainable Production ◽

Fuel Pellet ◽

Fuel Pellets

Fuel pellets made from biomass is considered as a solid fuel that is also an alternative fuel which can substitute for the current fuels and can be considered as a fuel that has sustainable production. This research is the study of the production of fuel pellets from Teak sawdust blends with Cajuput leaves at five proportions by weight of Teak sawdust 100%, Cajuput leaves 100%, Teak sawdust 75% +Cajuput leaves 25%, Teak sawdust 50% +Cajuput leaves 50%, Teak sawdust 25% +Cajuput leaves 75% . The pellets were produced by a grinding and pelleting machine at three different speeds of 200, 250, and 300 rpm. After that, the quality of fuel pellets was evaluated by the physical properties as pellet dimensions, particles and bulk density, as well as moisture content and durability. The results show that blending proportion of Teak sawdust 75% and Cajuput leaves 25% provided the appropriate fuel pellet properties.

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