scholarly journals Microscopic Description of 170 Er, 172 Yb, 174 Hf, and 176 W Isotones

2020 ◽  
Vol 928 (7) ◽  
pp. 072124
Author(s):  
Yasir Yahya Kassim ◽  
Mushtaq Abed Al-Jubbori ◽  
Imad Mamdouh Ahmed ◽  
Hewa Y. Abdullah ◽  
Fadhil I. Sharrad
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Angular Frequency ◽  
Interacting Boson Model ◽  
Microscopic Description ◽  
Boson Model ◽  
Energy States ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract The properties of 170 Er, 172Yb, 174Hf, and 176Wisotones have been studied and their energy states calculated. To identify the properties of each isotone, the values of the first excited states, E 2 1 + and the ratio of the second excited states to the first excited states, R 4 / 2 = E 4 1 + / E 2 1 + for all nuclei under consideration were adopted. To determine the properties of each nucleus, the relationship between the moment of inertia 2𝜗/ℏ 2 and the square of the angular frequency, ℏ 2 𝜔 2, the relationship between successive excited states to those preceding them r ( I + 2 ) I ) and the ΔI = 1 staggering between the GSB and the NPB states were studied for all states of 170Er, 172Yb, 174Hf, and 176W isotones. After identifying the properties of each isotone, the rotational limit in the interacting boson model IBM-1 and the IVBM model was used to calculate the energy states for each isotone and the results were compared with the experimental values. and good agreement was observed with some exception. The inaccuracy of some calculations in the IBM-1 results from the lying of some high states out the range of the rotational properties that were used.

scholarly journals Configuration Mixing for Po Isotopes within the Interacting Boson Model-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 582
Author(s):  
L.A. Najam ◽  
S.N. Abood ◽  
F.M.A. Al-Jomaily
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Interacting Boson Model ◽  
Shape Coexistence ◽  
Least Square Fit ◽  
Configuration Mixing ◽  
Boson Model ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Good Agreement

We analyze a sequence of 194−204Po isotopes, using the Configuration Mixing (CM) Interacting Boson Model 2 (IBM-2). We set the parameters of Hamiltonian using a least-square fit for the known energy levels, electrical transition rates B(E2), and quadruple moments Q(2+1) for the first excited states. We have a good agreement with the experimental values for all the observables tested, and we infer that the feature of the shape coexistence is concealed in the isotopes of Po, just as in the isotopes of Os and Pt.

Energy Levels and Electromagnetic Transition of 90-94mo Nuclei Using Ibm-1

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-152
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Dynamical Symmetry ◽  
Interacting Boson Model ◽  
Excitation Energies ◽  
Electromagnetic Transition ◽  
Boson Model ◽  
Energy States ◽  
Good Agreement

The energy states for the J , b , ɤ bands and electromagnetic transitions B (E2) values for even – even molybdenum 90 – 94 Mo nuclei are calculated in the present work of "the interacting boson model (IBM-1)" . The parameters of the equation of IBM-1 Hamiltonian are determined which yield the best excellent suit the experimental energy states . The positive parity of energy states are obtained by using IBS1. for program for even 90 – 94 Mo isotopes with bosons number 5 , 4 and 5 respectively. The" reduced transition probability B(E2)" of these neuclei are calculated and compared with the experimental data . The ratio of the excitation energies of the 41+ to 21+ states ( R4/2) are also calculated . The calculated and experimental (R4/2) values showed that the 90 – 94 Mo nuclei have the vibrational dynamical symmetry U(5). Good agreement was found from comparison between the calculated energy states and electric quadruple probabilities B(E2) transition of the 90–94Mo isotopes with the experimental data .

scholarly journals Study of Energy States and U(5) – O(6) Transitional Symmetry of Even–Even104 – 108Cd Isotopes by Interacting Boson Model(IBM-1).

2020 ◽  
pp. 262-267
Author(s):  
Omar Ahmed Muaffaq
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Potential Energy Surfaces ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Interacting Boson Model ◽  
Contour Plots ◽  
Boson Model ◽  
Cd Isotopes ◽  
Energy States ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Energy Surfaces

In this study we calculated the energy levels of low lying structure for 104 – 108 Cd isotopes and the reduced transition B(E2) of even – even Cd nuclei for A=104,106, 108 by using" the interaction boson model IBM-1" and compared with experimental values .The ratio R(4/2) for the energy levels for 41 + and 21 + states were also calculated for those isotopes .The 104 – 108 Cd nuclei in " U(5) – O(6) transitional symmetry" were studied .The contour plots of the potential energy surfaces (P E S) was calculate for the isotopes above .

Shape coexistence in $^{76}$Se within the neutron-proton interacting boson model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengfu Mu ◽  
Dali Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Excitation Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Interacting Boson Model ◽  
Shape Coexistence ◽  
Electromagnetic Transition ◽  
Boson Model ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract We have investigated the low-lying energy spectrum and electromagnetic transition strengths in even-even $^{76}$Se using the proton-neutron interacting boson model (IBM-2). The theoretical calculation for the energy levels and $E2$ and $M1$ transition strengths is in good agreement with the experimental data. Especially, the excitation energy and $E2$ transition of $0^+_2$ state, which is intimately associated with shape coexistence, can be well reproduced. The analysis on low-lying states and some key structure indicators indicates that there is a coexistence between spherical shape and $\gamma$-soft shape in $^{76}$Se.

Activities and Ionic Distributions in Cobalt Silicate Melts

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. B. Smith ◽  
C. R. Masson
Keyword(s):  
Silica Content ◽  
Silicate Melts ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Polymer Theory ◽  
Linear Chains ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Separation ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Binary Silicate

Activities of CoO in CoO–SiO2 melts were measured at 1450–1500 °C by equilibrating the melts, held in Pt–Rh containers, with atmospheres of known oxygen potential. Activities were calculated by the relationship[Formula: see text]where aCo, the activity of cobalt in the container, was determined in separate experiments.The results were compared with theoretical activity–composition curves based on the application of polymer theory to silicate melts. The results were in good agreement with theoretical curves calculated on the assumption of linear chains. In contrast, for all other binary silicate melts so far investigated the results are best represented in terms of theory in which all chain configurations are allowed. Ionic distributions and number average and weight average molecular weights were calculated as functions of the silica content from the experimental data. The calculated proportions of monomeric ion, SiO44−, dimer Si2O76−, and trimer Si3O108− were in reasonable agreement with experimental values based on trimethylsilylation and gas-chromatographic separation of the ionic constituents in quenched melts.

Investigation of some even-even selenium isotopes within the interacting boson model-2

Open Physics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Böyükata ◽  
İhsan Uluer
Keyword(s):  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Mass Region ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Interacting Boson Model ◽  
Electromagnetic Transition ◽  
Boson Model ◽  
Selenium Isotopes ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractThe even-even Selenium isotopes in the A∼80 mass region and the general features of its structure have been investigated within the framework of the interacting boson model-2. The neutron proton version of the model has been applied to the Se (A=74 to 80) isotopes with emphasis on the description of the 01+, 21+, 02+, 22+ and 41+ states. The energy levels, B(E2)and B(M1)electromagnetic transition probabilities were calculated. The results of these calculations were compared with previous experimental results and were shown to be in good agreement.

QUANTUM PHASE TRANSITIONAL BEHAVIOR IN THE EXTENDED CASTEN TRIANGLE OF THE INTERACTING BOSON MODEL

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (08) ◽  
pp. 1723-1733 ◽  
Author(s):  
FENG PAN ◽  
TAO WANG ◽  
Y.-S. HUO ◽  
J. P. DRAAYER
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Quantum Phase ◽  
Interacting Boson Model ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Fortran Code ◽  
Model Hamiltonian ◽  
Transitional Behavior ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Boson Model ◽  
Shape Phase Transition

Quantum phase transitional patterns in the whole parameter space of the consistent-Q Hamiltonian in the Interacting Boson Model are studied based on an implemented Fortran code for numerical computation of the matrix elements in the SU (3) Draayer-Akiyama basis. Results with respect to both ground and some excited states of the model Hamiltonian are discussed. Quantum phase transitional behavior under a variety of parameter situations is shown. It is found that transitional behavior of excited states is more complicated. Pt isotopes are taken as examples in illustrating the prolate-oblate shape phase transition.

A theoretical study of energy spectra and transition probabilities of 200–204Hg isotopes in transitional region of IBM

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1450056 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
Interacting Boson Model ◽  
Transitional Region ◽  
Transition Rates ◽  
Scale Factors ◽  
Boson Model ◽  
Good Agreement

In this paper, by using the SO(6) representation of eigenstates and transitional Interacting Boson Model (IBM) Hamiltonian, the evolution from prolate to oblate shapes along the chain of Hg isotopes is studied. Parameter-free (up to overall scale factors) predictions for spectra and B(E2) transition rates are found to be in good agreement with experimental data for 200–204 Hg isotopes which are supported to be located in this transitional region.

Collapse of Sharp-Notched 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy Tubes Under Cyclic Bending

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (07) ◽  
pp. 1550035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Cheng Chung ◽  
Kuo-Long Lee ◽  
Wen-Fung Pan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Cyclic Bending ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Buckling Failure ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Good Agreement

The mechanical behavior and buckling failure of sharp-notched 6061-T6 aluminum alloy tubes with different notch depths subjected to cyclic bending are experimentally and theoretically investigated. The experimental moment–curvature relationship exhibits an almost steady loop from the beginning of the first cycle. However, the ovalization–curvature relationship exhibits a symmetrical, increasing, and ratcheting behavior as the number of cycles increases. The six groups of tubes tested have different notch depths, from which two different trends can be observed from the relationship between the controlled curvature and the number of cycles required to ignite buckling. Finite element software ANSYS is used to simulate the moment–curvature and ovalization–curvature relationships. Additionally, a theoretical model is proposed for simulation of the controlled curvature-number of cycles concerning the initiation of buckling. Simulation results are compared with experimental test data, which shows generally good agreement.

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