Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Proficiency Testing Trials: Toward European Harmonization of the Typing of Food and Clinical Strains ofListeria monocytogenes

2013 ◽  
pp. 130817120052008
Author(s):  
Benjamin Félix ◽  
Taina Niskanen ◽  
Noémie Vingadassalon ◽  
Trinh Tam Dao ◽  
Adrien Asséré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proficiency Testing ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Oflisteria Monocytogenes ◽  
European Harmonization

Characteristics of Virulent Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Oregon and Washington

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1011-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
TSAI-HSIN CHIU ◽  
JINGYUN DUAN ◽  
YI-CHENG SU
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Outbreak Strain ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
The Pacific

Thirty-four virulent strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus containing tdh and/or trh genes isolated from Oregon and Washington coastal water were analyzed for O-group antigens and urease activity, and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Six O serotypes (O1, O3, O4, O5, O10, and O11) were identified among the isolates, with the O5 group (19 isolates) being the most prevalent, followed by the O1 group (9 isolates). Nearly all (33 of 34) isolates were capable of producing urease, which reaffirmed the correlation between urease production and virulence factors of V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from the Pacific Northwest. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis with NotI and SfiI digestions of the 34 V. parahaemolyticus isolates plus five clinical strains revealed 22 patterns (N1S1 to N20S22), with N1S1 (25.6%) being the most common, followed by N2S2 (10.3%). Nine Oregon isolates were grouped with a 1997 Oregon outbreak strain (027-1C1) with the same serotype (O5), virulence factors (tdh+ and trh+), and genotype (N1S1). Three Washington isolates were found to share the same serotype (O1), virulence factors (tdh+ and trh+), and genotype (N2S2) with a 1997 Washington outbreak strain (10293). The repetitive isolation of virulent strains of V. parahaemolyticus identical to clinical strains involved in previous outbreaks indicates potential hazards associated with oyster consumption. These data may be useful in risk assessment of V. parahaemolyticus infections associated with raw oyster consumption in Oregon and Washington.

scholarly journals Identification of 16S rRNA Methylase-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Strains in North America

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 4209-4210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Doi ◽  
Jennifer M. Adams ◽  
Kunikazu Yamane ◽  
David L. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase

ABSTRACT Five highly amikacin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were collected at a medical center in Pennsylvania. The aminoglycoside resistance was due to the production of the 16S rRNA methylase ArmA. Two of the isolates coproduced OXA-23 β-lactamase and were highly resistant to carbapenems as well. The isolates were genetically closely related by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.

scholarly journals Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Analysis of Vibrio vulnificus Strains Isolated from Taiwan and the United States

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 5153-5158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hin-chung Wong ◽  
Shau-Yan Chen ◽  
Meng-Yi Chen ◽  
James D. Oliver ◽  
Lien-I Hor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Intraspecific Diversity ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Discriminative Method ◽  
Geographic Regions

ABSTRACT Vibrio vulnificus is a marine bacterium that causes human wound infections and septicemia with a high mortality rate. V. vulnificus strains from different clinical and environmental sources or geographic regions have been successfully characterized by ribotyping and several other methods. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is a highly discriminative method, but previous studies suggested that it was not suitable for examining the correlation of V. vulnificus strains from different origins. We employed PFGE to determine its efficacy for characterizing V. vulnificus strains from different geographic regions, characterizing a total of 153 strains from clinical and environmental origins from the United States and Taiwan after SfiI or NotI digestion. V. vulnificus strains showed a high intraspecific diversity by PFGE after SfiI or NotI digestion, and about 12% of the strains could not be typed by the use of either of these enzymes. For PFGE with SfiI digestion, most of the clinical and environmental strains from the United States were grouped into cluster A, while the strains from Taiwan were grouped into other clusters. Clinical strains from the United States showed a higher level of genetic homogeneity than clinical strains from Taiwan, and environmental strains from both regions showed a similarly high level of heterogeneity. PFGE with NotI digestion was useful for studying the correlation of clinical strains from the United States and Taiwan, but it was not suitable for analyzing environmental strains. The results showed that PFGE with SfiI digestion may be used to characterize V. vulnificus strains from distant geographic regions, with NotI being a recommended alternative enzyme.

scholarly journals Molecular Typing by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis of Spanish Animal and Human Listeria monocytogenes Isolates

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 5840-5843 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Vela ◽  
J. F. Fernandez-Garayzabal ◽  
J. A. Vazquez ◽  
M. V. Latre ◽  
M. M. Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Great Genetic Diversity ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Maize Stalks

ABSTRACT A total of 153 strains of Listeria monocytogenesisolated from different sources (72 from sheep, 12 from cattle, 18 from feedstuffs, and 51 from humans) in Spain from 1989 to 2000 were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The strains ofL. monocytogenes displayed 55 pulsotypes. The 84 animal, 51 human, and 18 feedstuff strains displayed 31, 29, and 7 different pulsotypes, respectively, indicating a great genetic diversity among the Spanish L. monocytogenes isolates studied. L. monocytogenes isolates from clinical samples and feedstuffs consumed by the diseased animals were analyzed in 21 flocks. In most cases, clinical strains from different animals of the same flock had identical pulsotypes, confirming the existence of a listeriosis outbreak. L. monocytogenes strains with pulsotypes identical to those of clinical strains were isolated from silage, potatoes, and maize stalks. This is the first study wherein potatoes and maize stalks are epidemiologically linked with clinical listeriosis.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of UniqueStenotrophomonas maltophilia Clinical Strains

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1581-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Valdezate ◽  
Ana Vindel ◽  
Elena Loza ◽  
Fernando Baquero ◽  
Rafael Cantón
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibilities ◽  
Clonal Organisms

ABSTRACT Susceptibility to 41 antimicrobials was studied with 99Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains, and different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles were identified among 130 prospectively collected isolates. Moxalactam, doxycycline, minocycline, and clinafloxacin displayed the highest activity (≥98% susceptibility). Ticarcillin resistance (75%) was reverted by clavulanate in 25% of strains. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance was 26.2% (≥4 [trimethoprim]/76 [sulfamethoxazole] μg/ml) and dropped to 11.1% when an 8/152-μg/ml breakpoint was applied based on its bimodal MIC distribution. Resistance was lower when unique strains were considered, because clonal organisms contribute to resistance.

scholarly journals Use of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis to Determine the Source of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-610
Author(s):  
Eugene Y. H. Yeung ◽  
Ivan Gorn
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Pelvic Trauma ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clinical Cases

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) has historically been considered the gold standard in fingerprinting bacterial strains in epidemiological studies and outbreak investigations; little is known regarding its use in individual clinical cases. The current study detailed two clinical cases in which PFGE helped to determine the source of their methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. Patient A was found to have MRSA bacteremia after trauma in her pelvic area. MRSA was also found in her groin but not in her nostril and rectum. PFGE was performed that showed variable bands of her MRSA isolates from blood and groin, suggestive of different strains of MRSA. Her MRSA bacteremia was determined to be unrelated to her pelvic trauma. Patient B was found to have MRSA bacteremia after colonoscopy. MRSA was also found in his nostril and rectum. PFGE was performed that showed variable bands of his MRSA isolates from blood and rectum but identical bands of MRSA isolates from his blood and nostril. His MRSA bacteremia was determined to be unrelated to his colonoscopy procedure. The current study demonstrates the use of PFGE to rule out the source of bacteremia in individual clinical cases.

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