scholarly journals The Impact of Sex and Gender on Adaptation to Space: Executive Summary

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 941-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saralyn Mark ◽  
Graham B.I. Scott ◽  
Dorit B. Donoviel ◽  
Lauren B. Leveton ◽  
Erin Mahoney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Diabetic Kidney Disease: Focus on Hormonal, Genetic and Clinical Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5808
Author(s):  
Annalisa Giandalia ◽  
Alfio Edoardo Giuffrida ◽  
Guido Gembillo ◽  
Domenico Cucinotta ◽  
Giovanni Squadrito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most serious complications of both type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Current guidelines recommend a personalized approach in order to reduce the burden of DM and its complications. Recognizing sex and gender- differences in medicine is considered one of the first steps toward personalized medicine, but the gender issue in DM has been scarcely explored so far. Gender differences have been reported in the incidence and the prevalence of DKD, in its phenotypes and clinical manifestations, as well as in several risk factors, with a different impact in the two genders. Hormonal factors, especially estrogen loss, play a significant role in explaining these differences. Additionally, the impact of sex chromosomes as well as the influence of gene–sex interactions with several susceptibility genes for DKD have been investigated. In spite of the increasing evidence that sex and gender should be included in the evaluation of DKD, several open issues remain uncovered, including the potentially different effects of newly recommended drugs, such as SGLT2i and GLP1Ras. This narrative review explored current evidence on sex/gender differences in DKD, taking into account hormonal, genetic and clinical factors.

scholarly journals The Impact of Sex and Gender on the Multidisciplinary Management of Care for Persons With Parkinson's Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Göttgens ◽  
Angelika D. van Halteren ◽  
Nienke M. de Vries ◽  
Marjan J. Meinders ◽  
Yoav Ben-Shlomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Multidisciplinary Management ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Management Of Care ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Three Decades of Progress in Sleep Disorders and Sleep Health for Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 247028972094187
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Marsella ◽  
Katherine M. Sharkey
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Over the past 3 decades, significant strides have been made in the field of sleep medicine for women. The impact of sex and gender on sleep health and sleep disorders received little attention in the early 1990s, but driven by policies ensuring inclusion of women in medical research, more recent studies have identified sex differences in sleep and investigated gender differences in sleep disorders. Nevertheless, disparities remain: diagnosis of sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder are often delayed and underdiagnosed in women. Future research should continue to examine how biological sex and identity across the gender spectrum influence sleep health and sleep disorders, allowing for more personalized health care for all patients.

scholarly journals Sex and Gender Interactions on the Use and Impact of Recreational Cannabis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Greaves ◽  
Natalie Hemsing
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Precise Integration ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Cannabis is the second most frequently used substance in the world and regulated or legalized for recreational use in Canada and fourteen US states and territories. As with all substances, a wide range of sex and gender related factors have an influence on how substances are consumed, their physical, mental and social impacts, and how men and women respond to treatment, health promotion, and policies. Given the widespread use of cannabis, and in the context of its increasing regulation, it is important to better understand the sex and gender related factors associated with recreational cannabis use in order to make more precise clinical, programming, and policy decisions. However, sex and gender related factors include a wide variety of processes, features and influences that are rarely fully considered in research. This article explores myriad features of both sex and gender as concepts, illustrates their impact on cannabis use, and focuses on the interactions of sex and gender that affect three main areas of public interest: the development of cannabis use dependence, the impact on various routes of administration (ROA), and the impact on impaired driving. We draw on two separate scoping reviews to examine available evidence in regard to these issues. These three examples are described and illustrate the need for more comprehensive and precise integration of sex and gender in substance use research, as well as serious consideration of the results of doing so, when addressing a major public health issue such as recreational cannabis use.

scholarly journals Gender-specific aspects of epidemiology, molecular genetics and outcome: lung cancer

ESMO Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (Suppl 4) ◽  
pp. e000796
Author(s):  
Nuria Mederos ◽  
Alex Friedlaender ◽  
Solange Peters ◽  
Alfredo Addeo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Sex And Gender Differences

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide in women and men. In incidence, lung cancer ranks second, surpassed by breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men. However, the historical differences in mortality and incidence rate between both sexes have changed in the last years. In the last decades, we have also witnessed an increased number of lung cancer in female never-smokers. These disparities have grown our interest in studying the impact of the gender and sex in the presentation of lung cancer. The aetiology is yet to be fully elucidated, but the data are clear so far: there is a growing divide between lung cancer presentation in women and men that will change our management and study of lung cancer. This article aims to review the sex and gender differences in lung cancer.

scholarly journals CArdiovascular Risk Awareness of ItaliaN WOMEN The A.R.C.A. (Associazioni Regionali Cardiologi Ambulatoriali) CARIN WOMEN survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Adele Lillo ◽  
Ettore Antoncecchi ◽  
Valeria Antoncecchi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Italian Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Sex and gender differences change biology and pathophysiology. Up to now there has been no attention to this problem and the results of scientific research conducted mainly in men were inappropriately shifted to the female sex. The female “umbrella-hormone” bias has come to minimize the impact of risk factors and cardiovascular disease which instead are the leading cause of death in women in developed countries. To take stock of female awareness in Italy and identify methods and topics of intervention, ARCA (Associazioni Regionali Cardiology Ambulatoriali), with the collaboration of GISeG (Gruppo Italiano Salute e Genere), conducted a survey enrolling 2,856 women, mainly interviewed in cardiological outpatient clinics. The mean age of the enrolled patients was 53.8 ± 13.4 years, school attendance was generally low for a European country (with 53% of senior high school diploma or degree). Forty percent of respondents were single. Awareness of traditional risk factors was high, slightly less for diabetes mellitus (81%). The presence of cardiovascular events was strongly correlated with age and the number of conventional risk factors. Lifestyle change seemed to be difficult for a large percentage of women, mainly the eating habits (45%). Ninety one percent declared to need more information about the CVR and over 80% would like the family doctor to provide it. In conclusion, women’s awareness of their cardiovascular risk is still not optimal and the interviewees believe that they need to be primarily informed by their family doctor.

scholarly journals Why Individuals Respond To COVID-19 Differently: A Battle of Sexes?

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 459-466
Author(s):  
Olagunju Abdulrahmon A. ◽  
Amanah Lewis-Wade
Keyword(s):  
Gene Networks ◽  
Research Area ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Several factors including genetic variations, cytokine storm (CS), macrophage activated syndrome (MAS), and lymphopenia have been recently discovered to influence the severity of COVID-19. Many studies have exclusively studied the pathogenesis of this disease, which includes the entry of the virus into the body, multiplication and spread, the progression of tissue damage, and the production of an immune response. However, questions like what makes some people more vulnerable than others to SARS-CoV-2 - the causative agent of the coronavirus disease; the role of gene networks in determining or influencing the efficiency of infection or the severity of COVID-19 symptoms are still in the valley of obscurity. What makes some SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals extremely sensitive to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) while others are asymptomatic remains to be understood. Herein, we review the impact of a genetic variant in susceptibility and severity among sex and gender disparities, the significance of this variation in cases of severity and immune responses. Furthermore, we address major characteristics in severe  COVID-19 cases, such as biochemical and homeostatic effects. For example, lymphocyte count and concentrations of inflammatory mediators within patients. Also, this paper identifies key clinical indicators of severe infections in the presence of cytokine storm and lymphopenia. Moreover, it takes into account predisposing factors that induce the severity of symptoms and underline the differences between mild and severe infections. Lastly, we explained the benefits of using bioinformatics to accelerate the progress made in COVID-19 research and future perspective in this research area.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document