The Relationship Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Arterial Stiffness in Middle-Aged Men with Abdominal Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Kyung Kim ◽  
Won Hah Park
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
The Relationship

Abdominal obesity is associated with arterial stiffness and carotid IMT in middle-aged, elderly rural community adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. e71-e72
Author(s):  
M. Arita ◽  
N. Miyai ◽  
M. Utsumi ◽  
Y. Uematsu ◽  
H. Takase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Carotid Imt

scholarly journals The Gut Microbiota Is Associated with Vascular Function and Blood Pressure Phenotypes in Overweight and Obese Middle-Aged/Older Adults (P21-024-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Johnson ◽  
Nicole Litwin ◽  
Hannah Van Ark ◽  
Shannon Hartley ◽  
Emily Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives The gut microbiota is emerging as an important regulator of cardiovascular health. Indeed, gut dysbiosis is increasingly being linked to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Aging and obesity are associated with the development of CVD largely due to the development of vascular dysfunction, namely endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the gut microbiota, blood pressure, and vascular function in aging overweight and obese individuals. Methods This cross-sectional study included fifteen overweight and obese (mean body mass index, BMI: 29.5; range: 25.8–37.0) middle-aged/older men and postmenopausal women (mean age: 53; range: 42–64 years). Blood pressure, arterial stiffness (augmentation index, AIx, and aortic pulse wave velocity, aPWV), and endothelial function (reactive hyperemia index, RHI) were assessed. Stool samples were collected for gut microbiota analysis using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Principal coordinates analysis and Pearson's correlations were performed to evaluate the relationship between the gut microbiota and measures of vascular function and blood pressure. Results Global gut microbiota phenotypes clustered most strongly by aPWV (groups separated by median value) as visualized by Non-Metric Dimensional Scaling plot of Bray-Curtis Distances (stress = 0.09; P = 0.07). Several bacterial taxa correlated with vascular parameters. For example, Bifidobacterium longum (r = 0.80, P < 0.001) and Akkermansia muciniphila (r = 0.56, P = 0.047) were positively correlated with RHI. Bifdobacterium bifidum (r = −0.61, P = 0.02) and Oxalobacter formigenes (r = −0.62, P = 0.02) were negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure. Interestingly, there was no significant clustering by BMI groupings (overweight vs. obese) or correlations between BMI and specific taxa. Conclusions These preliminary data suggest that the gut microbiota is linked to vascular dysfunction and increased blood pressure in aging overweight and obese individuals independent of BMI. Further data collection and analysis are currently underway to explore these relationships in a larger human cohort, and to explore underlying mechanisms through transferring of vascular phenotypes in humans to germ-free mice through microbiota transplantation. Funding Sources NIFA, USDA.

Abdominal obesity is associated with arterial stiffness in middle-aged adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Strasser ◽  
M. Arvandi ◽  
E.P. Pasha ◽  
A.P. Haley ◽  
P. Stanforth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Association between aerobic exercise training effects of serum adropin level, arterial stiffness, and adiposity in obese elderly adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumpei Fujie ◽  
Natsuki Hasegawa ◽  
Toshiyuki Kurihara ◽  
Kiyoshi Sanada ◽  
Takafumi Hamaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Training Effects ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Abdominal Visceral Fat ◽  
The Relationship

Serum levels of adropin, which enhances endothelial cell release of nitric oxide (NO), are lower in obese patients. Although habitual aerobic exercise reduces arterial stiffness and adiposity, the relationship between these effects and circulating levels of adropin remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine if serum adropin level is associated with the effects of aerobic exercise training on arterial stiffness and adiposity in obese adults. In Experiment 1, we examined whether serum adropin levels are associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, carotid β-stiffness, plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx) level, and abdominal visceral fat in 27 normal, 20 overweight, and 25 obese adults (age, 41–79 years). In Experiment 2, we examined the effects of an 8-week aerobic exercise training program on the relationship between serum adropin level and arterial stiffness or adiposity in 13 obese adults (age, 54–76 years). Serum adropin levels in normal, overweight, and obese adults negatively correlated with carotid β-stiffness and abdominal visceral fat, and positively correlated with plasma NOx level and cardiorespiratory fitness. After the 8-week exercise program, serum adropin levels in obese adults were elevated, and correlated with training-induced changes in carotid β-stiffness (r = –0.573, P < 0.05), plasma NOx level (r = 0.671, P < 0.05), and abdominal visceral fat (r = –0.585, P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the exercise training-induced increase in serum adropin may be related to the training effects of arterial stiffness and adiposity in obese adults.

scholarly journals Associations Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Cardiovascular Risk, and Cognition Are Mediated by Structural Brain Health in Midlife

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Goretti España‐Irla ◽  
Joyce Gomes‐Osman ◽  
Gabriele Cattaneo ◽  
Sergiu Albu ◽  
María Cabello‐Toscano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Visuospatial Abilities ◽  
Mechanistic Pathway ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
The Relationship

Background Evidence in older adults suggests that higher cardiorespiratory fitness and lower cardiovascular risk are associated with greater cognition. However, given that changes in the brain that lead to cognitive decline begin decades before the onset of symptoms, understanding the mechanisms by which modifiable cardiovascular factors are associated with brain health in midlife is critical and can lead to the development of strategies to promote and maintain brain health as we age. Methods and Results In 501 middle‐aged (aged 40–65 years) adult participants of the BBHI (Barcelona Brain Health Initiative), we found differential associations among cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular risk, and cognition and cortical thickness. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly associated with better visuospatial abilities and frontal loading abstract problem solving (β=3.16, P =0.049) in the older middle‐aged group (aged 55–65 years). In contrast, cardiovascular risk was negatively associated with better visuospatial reasoning and problem‐solving abilities (β=−0.046, P =0.002), flexibility (β=−0.054, P <0.001), processing speed (β=−0.115, P <0.001), and memory (β=−0.120, P <0.001). Cortical thickness in frontal regions mediated the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognition, whereas cortical thickness in a disperse network spanning multiple cortical regions across both hemispheres mediated the relationship between cardiovascular risk and cognition. Conclusions The relationships between modifiable cardiovascular factors, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular risk, and cognition are present in healthy middle‐aged adults. These relationships are also mediated by brain structure highlighting a potential mechanistic pathway through which higher cardiorespiratory fitness and lower cardiovascular risk can positively impact cognitive function in midlife.

Cardiorespiratory fitness is positively associated with both healthy and western dietary pattern in Iranian middle-aged

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hossein Shahinfar ◽  
Farhang Djafari ◽  
Nadia Babaei ◽  
Samira Davarzani ◽  
Mojdeh Ebaditabar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Western Dietary Pattern ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract. Background: The association between dietary patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is not well established. Objective: We sought to investigate association between a posteriori dietary pattern and CRF in middle-aged adults. Design: Adults (n = 276), aged 20–74 years, who were residents of Tehran, Iran were recruited. Diet was assessed by using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. Socio-economic status, anthropometric measures, body composition, and blood pressure were recorded. CRF was assessed by using a graded exercise treadmill test. Analysis of variance and linear regression models were used to discern the association between dietary patterns and CRF. Results: Higher scores of the healthy dietary pattern had no association with VO2max (p = 0.13 ). After controlling for potential confounders, VO2max was positively associated across tertiles of healthy dietary patterns (p < 0.001). Higher adherence to the “mixed” dietary pattern was inversely related to VO2max (p < 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, the significant association disappeared (p = 0.14). Higher scores of the “Western” dietary pattern was not associated with VO2max (p = 0.06). However, after controlling for potential confounders, VO2max was positively associated with the “Western” dietary pattern (p = 0.01). A positive linear association between the “healthy” dietary pattern and CRF for the total sample (R2 = 0.02; p < 0.01) were presented. Conclusions: Overall, our findings suggest that higher adherence to a “healthy” and “Western” dietary pattern was positively associated with CRF. However, further studies are required to examine and clarify the causal relationship between dietary patterns and CRF.

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