scholarly journals What Do Laboratory Experiments Measuring Social Preferences Reveal About the Real World?

2015 ◽  
pp. 207-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Levitt ◽  
John A. List
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
The Real

scholarly journals What Do Laboratory Experiments Measuring Social Preferences Reveal About the Real World?

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D Levitt ◽  
John A List
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Real World ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
The Real ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Laboratory Results

A critical question facing experimental economists is whether behavior inside the laboratory is a good indicator of behavior outside the laboratory. To address that question, we build a model in which the choices that individuals make depend not just on financial implications, but also on the nature and extent of scrutiny by others, the particular context in which a decision is embedded, and the manner in which participants and tasks are selected. We present empirical evidence demonstrating the importance of these various factors. To the extent that lab and naturally occurring environments systematically differ on any of these dimensions, the results obtained inside and outside the lab need not correspond. Focusing on experiments designed to measure social preferences, we discuss the extent to which the existing laboratory results generalize to naturally-occurring markets. We summarize cases where the lab may understate the importance of social preferences as well as instances in which the lab might exaggerate their importance. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of interpreting laboratory and field data through the lens of theory.

Another route to broadening the scope of social psychology: Ecologically valid research

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel D. Gosling
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Real World ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
The Real ◽  
Existence Proofs ◽  
Mere Existence

An imbalance is identified in social psychology between controlled experimental studies (which are common) and real-world, ecologically valid studies (which are rare). The preponderance of experimental studies (which provide mere existence proofs and lack realism) helps fuel social psychology's fault-finding focus. Laboratory experiments and ecological studies should be pursued jointly to examine social life in the real world.

Importing social preferences across contexts and the pitfall of over-generalization across theories

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne C. Pisor ◽  
Daniel M. T. Fessler
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
External Validity ◽  
Group Selection ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Strong Reciprocity ◽  
The Real

AbstractClaims regarding negative strong reciprocity do indeed rest on experiments lacking established external validity, often without even a small “menu of options.” Guala's review should prompt strong reciprocity proponents to extend the real-world validity of their work, exploring the preferences participants bring to experiments. That said, Guala's approach fails to differentiate among group selection approaches and glosses over cross-cultural variability.

scholarly journals Vulnerabilities to Online Social Network Identity Deception Detection Research and Recommendations for Mitigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Ismailov ◽  
Michail Tsikerdekis ◽  
Sherali Zeadally
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Real World ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Deception Detection ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Online Social Network ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Real

Identity deception in online social networks is a pervasive problem. Ongoing research is developing methods for identity deception detection. However, the real-world efficacy of these methods is currently unknown because they have been evaluated largely through laboratory experiments. We present a review of representative state-of-the-art results on identity deception detection. Based on this analysis, we identify common methodological weaknesses for these approaches, and we propose recommendations that can increase their effectiveness for when they are applied in real-world environments.

scholarly journals Virtually Enhanced Fluid Laboratories for Teaching Meteorology

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 1949-1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lodovica Illari ◽  
John Marshall ◽  
W. D. McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Real World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Rotating Fluid ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Real ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Large Scale Atmospheric Circulation

Abstract The “Weather in a Tank” project offers instructors a repertoire of rotating tank experiments and a curriculum in fluid dynamics to better assist students in learning how to move between phenomena in the real world and basic principles of rotating fluid dynamics that play a central role in determining the climate of the planet. Despite the increasing use of laboratory experiments in teaching meteorology, many teachers and students do not have access to suitable apparatuses and so cannot benefit from them. This article describes a “virtually enhanced” laboratory that could be very effective in getting across a flavor of the experiments and bring them to a wider audience. In the pedagogical spirit of Weather in a Tank, the focus is on how simple underlying principles, illustrated through laboratory experiments, shape the observed structure of the large-scale atmospheric circulation.

Social preference experiments in animals: Strengthening the case for human preferences

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Social Preference ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
The Real ◽  
Testing Environments ◽  
By Products

AbstractGuala appears to take social preferences for granted in his discussion of reciprocity experiments. While he does not overtly claim that social preferences are only by-products that arise in testing environments, he does assert that whatever they are – and how they evolved – they have little value in the real world. Experiments on animals suggest that social preferences may be unique to humans, supporting the idea that they might play a prominent role in our world.

scholarly journals Behavioral economics of corruption and its implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-116
Author(s):  
ROBERTA MURAMATSU ◽  
ANA MARIA A. F. BIANCHI
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Economics ◽  
Real World ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
The Real

ABSTRACT This paper holds that the standard economic accounts of corruption based on expected costs and benefits are insufficient to understand and to tackle dishonesty in the real world. It embarks on a survey of the literature to discuss the major roles automatic judgments and decisions, as well as cognitive biases and social preferences might play in deviations from honest behavior. The paper further discusses the implications of behavioral economics to the debate over how to fight corruption and foster integrity.

Current Issues: Evidence-Based Practice for the Real World: Thoughts on Clinical Education in Communication Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne K. Bothe
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Education ◽  
Real World ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Real ◽  
Language Pathology

This article presents some streamlined and intentionally oversimplified ideas about educating future communication disorders professionals to use some of the most basic principles of evidence-based practice. Working from a popular five-step approach, modifications are suggested that may make the ideas more accessible, and therefore more useful, for university faculty, other supervisors, and future professionals in speech-language pathology, audiology, and related fields.

The Real-World Fellowship

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
LEE SAVIO BEERS
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Real
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