Burnout in Organizations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Leiter ◽  
Jo Wintle
Keyword(s):  
Critical Issue ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Intervention Research ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Clinical Issue ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Individual Capacity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A starting point in examining job burnout is determining its definition. The burnout syndrome of exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficacy is at times distilled into a synonym for exhaustion, leading to some confusion in the research literature. Another critical issue is burnout as a clinical issue requiring treatment for individuals or burnout as a management problem requiring changes in the organization of work and workplaces. Considering burnout as a problem in the relationship of people with workplaces opens additional possibilities for action. Intervention research evaluating systems for alleviating or preventing burnout continue to be rare in the research literature. Furthermore, these studies are largely focused on building individual capacity to endure or thrive in workplaces rather than changing conditions that aggravate exhaustion, cynicism, or inefficacy.

On the Very Idea of Civilisation

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-321
Author(s):  
Luke O’Sullivan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Thomas Hobbes ◽  
Alternative Definition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Western Imperialism ◽  
Clash Of Civilisations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Contemporary Liberalism ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The concept of civilisation is a controversial one because it is unavoidably normative in its implications. Its historical associations with the effort of Western imperialism to impose substantive conditions of life have made it difficult for contemporary liberalism to find a definition of “civilization” that can be reconciled with progressive discourse that seeks to avoid exclusions of various kinds. But because we lack a way of identifying what is peculiar to the relationship of civilisation that avoids the problem of domination, it has tended to be conflated with other ideas. Taking Samuel Huntington's idea of a “Clash of Civilisations” as a starting point, this article argues that we suffer from a widespread confusion of civilisation with “culture,” and that we also confuse it with other ideas including modernity and technological development. Drawing on Thomas Hobbes, the essay proposes an alternative definition of civilisation as the existence of limits on how we may treat others.

scholarly journals Leaders’ Image Concerns Is Moderator to Interfere with Leader Career Role and Leader Impression Management

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Mei-Mei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Personal Character ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

<p>There is no same image who displayed out in the world because Leader career roles developed always leans on personal character, but it could describe as each person trend to play some a particular role. However the career role developed by nature and environment, impression management upon nurture education and skill training meanwhile involve with final result so that this work supposes career role would significant influence impression management. Hence image could be control if who would like to mold into a particular image on purpose for achievement. In addition to leaders in organization always have more pressure than employees whether performance or profit especial in such economic hardship. So that this work assumes leader career role significant affect to leader impression management and leaders’ image concerns is moderator to interfere with the relationship of these two aspects. At last this work assays hypotheses successful via structural equation modeling. According to the result, this work looks forward to make industries to clear up management problem and digs out more potential crises.</p>

Economic Systems and Economic History

1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-679
Author(s):  
Arthur Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

What is the relationship of economic history to the study of comparative economic systems? Perhaps the major contribution to thought on this subject has been made by Walter Eucken, whose ideas may be taken as the starting point for our discussion.

scholarly journals Vasyl Domanytskyi’s Participation in Work of “Vik” Publishing House

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Bohdan Tsymbal
Keyword(s):  
Publishing House ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Terminus Post Quem ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Printed Sources

The paper explores the initial activity of Kyiv publishing house “Vik” and Vasyl Domanytsky’s participation in its work. The history of the publishing house has not been properly studied yet. The vast majority of sources used by the scholars contain many inconsistencies, and the existing research works don’t pay attention to the causes of the differences, but rather exacerbate the problem due to uncritical attitude to the sources. The author, therefore, focuses on three issues: 1) the time when the publishing house was founded; 2) its employees; 3) Domanytskyi’s participation in its work. Researchers date the origins of the publishing house differently, within a wide period of 1894–1897. Most of them rely on a limited range of printed sources that may contain some mistakes. Based on the crossed analysis of the ‘main’ (popular) sources with the involvement of those less popular among specialists, the author identified the causes of differences in the works of the scholars and made an attempt to explain the causes of such inaccuracies. The new archival materials not only confirmed the results of studying the printed sources but also helped to establish the earliest documented date directly related to the work of the publishing house. This date may be reasonably taken as a starting point of its history. Studying the archival documents of the censorship department allows making some assumptions about the staff of the publishing house, which although remains insufficiently studied. The list of personalities is still limited to the five most famous members of the publishing circle. The findings also help to clarify the terminus post quem of Vasyl Domanytskyi’s involvement in the work of the publishing house. The results obtained are important not only for the further study of the history of Ukrainian book printing but also for highlighting the relationship of publishers with the censorship in the Russian Empire and the work of the Kyiv “Moloda Hromada” circle. The paper explores the initial activity of Kyiv publishing house “Vik” and Vasyl Domanytsky’s participation in its work. The history of the publishing house has not been properly studied yet. The vast majority of sources used by the scholars contain many inconsistencies, and the existing research works don’t pay attention to the causes of the differences, but rather exacerbate the problem due to uncritical attitude to the sources. The author, therefore, focuses on three issues: 1) the time when the publishing house was founded; 2) its employees; 3) Domanytskyi’s participation in its work. Researchers date the origins of the publishing house differently, within a wide period of 1894–1897. Most of them rely on a limited range of printed sources that may contain some mistakes. Based on the crossed analysis of the ‘main’ (popular) sources with the involvement of those less popular among specialists, the author identified the causes of differences in the works of the scholars and made an attempt to explain the causes of such inaccuracies. The new archival materials not only confirmed the results of studying the printed sources but also helped to establish the earliest documented date directly related to the work of the publishing house. This date may be reasonably taken as a starting point of its history. Studying the archival documents of the censorship department allows making some assumptions about the staff of the publishing house, which although remains insufficiently studied. The list of personalities is still limited to the five most famous members of the publishing circle. The findings also help to clarify the terminus post quem of Vasyl Domanytskyi’s involvement in the work of the publishing house. The results obtained are important not only for the further study of the history of Ukrainian book printing but also for highlighting the relationship of publishers with the censorship in the Russian Empire and the work of the Kyiv “Moloda Hromada” circle.

SPONTANEOUS CLOTS AS A HYPERCOAGULABILITY MARKER IN PATIENTS ANTICOAGULATED WITH DABIGATRAN ETHEXILATE AFTER HIP JOINT ENDOPROSTHETICS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л.В. Борисова ◽  
С.И. Павлова ◽  
З.А. Качаева ◽  
Н.П. Прищепа ◽  
Е.В. Преображенская
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Dabigatran Etexilate ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Coagulation Tests ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty

Цель исследования: сравнительная оценка показателей гемостаза, полученных различными методами, у пациентов, которым выполнялось первичное эндопротезирование тазобедренного сустава (ТБС) и проводилась профилактика тромбоэмболических осложнений (ТЭО) дабигатраном этексилатом Материалы и методы. Обследовано 27 пациентов (17 женщин и 11 мужчин) с коксартрозом III стадии, которым выполнялось первичное эндопротезирование ТБС. Для профилактики ТЭО все пациенты получали дабигатрана этексилат, длительность профилактики составила 35 дней. Оценку состояния системы гемостаза проводили до операции, в первые и пятые сутки после операции клоттинговыми методами, методами тромбоэластографии и тромбодинамики. Результаты. Показана взаимосвязь наличия спонтанных сгустков, выявленных тестом тромбодинамика, с признаками высокой гемокоагуляционной активности. Сравнительная оценка показателей системы гемостаза, определенных различными методами в плазме и цельной крови, показала, что 1) стандартные тесты коагулограммы отражают только отдельные изменения системы гемостаза и 2) образование спонтанных сгустков в тесте ТД может с большой вероятностью указывать на состояние гиперкоагуляции и быть основой для стратификации пациентов по наличию факторов риска гиперкоагуляции. Использование фиксированной профилактической дозы дабигатрана этексилата не обеспечило адекватной коррекции гиперкоагуляционного состояния у пациентов, перенесших тотальное эндопротезирование ТБС. Заключение. Данное исследование может служить отправной точкой для персонификации дозирования дабигатрана этексилата в целях профилактики ТЭО у пациентов, имеющих исходно высокий гемокоагуляционный потенциал. The aim was to compare hemostasis parameters obtained by different methods, in patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty (TBS) with postoperative antithrombotic prophylaxis using dabigatran etexilate. Materials and methods. We examined 27 patients (17 women and 11 men) with coxarthrosis (stage III) after primary hip joint endoprosthetics. For prophylaxis of thromboembolic complications all patients received dabigatran etexilate, the duration of prophylaxis was 35 days. We assessed hemostasis state before, on the first and fifth days after operation using clotting tests, thromboelastography and thrombodynamics. Results. Results shows the relationship of spontaneous clots in cromodinamica with signs of high clotting activity. Comparative evaluation of hemostasis parameters in the plasma and in whole blood showed that 1) conventional coagulation tests specifies only isolated changes in hemostasis, and 2) the appearance of spontaneous clots are likely to indicate a hypercoagulability and to be the basis to stratify patients according to hypercoagulation risk. Fixed doses of dabigatran etexilate did not provide proof prevention in patients undergoing total joint hip replacement. Conclusion. This study can be seems a starting point to personalize the dabigatran etexilate dosing in such patients with initially high coagulation potential.

Validation and Design Science Research in Information Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 403-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael A. Gonzalez ◽  
Henk G. Sol
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Design Science Research ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Validation Strategy

Validation within design science research in Information Systems (DSRIS) is much debated. The relationship of validation to artifact evaluation is still not clear. This chapter aims at elucidating several components of DSRIS in relation to validation. The role of theory and theorizing are an important starting point, because there is no agreement as to what types of theory should be produced. Moreover, if there is a theoretical contribution, then there needs to be clear guidance as to how the designed artifact and its evaluation are related to the theory and its validation. The epistemological underpinnings of DSRIS are also open to different alternatives, including positivism, interpretivism, and pragmatism, which affect the way that the validation strategy is conceived, and later on, accepted or rejected. The type of reasoning guiding a DSRIS endeavor, whether deductive, inductive, or abductive, should also be considered as it determines the fundamental logic behind any research validation. Once those choices are in place, artifact evaluation may be carried out, depending on the type of artifact and the type of technique available. Finally, the theoretical contribution may be validated from a formative (process-oriented) or summative (product-oriented) perspective.

A new approach to the Scoreboard

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-688
Author(s):  
Cosimo Magazzino ◽  
Francesco Felici ◽  
Vanja Bozic
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the information content of the variables that can help detecting external and internal imbalances in an early stage. The starting point is the Scoreboard, where nine indicators are chosen in order to increase macroeconomic surveillance of all member states. Design/methodology/approach – This paper provides an overview of the variables that could be informative for imbalances by focusing on EU-27 countries over the period 1960-2010. The number of chosen variables is 28, and they are aggregated in six macro-areas. Therefore, once an imbalance is observed in any of those areas, it is possible to detect in a simple way which specific variable is determining such outcome. Findings – In general, this approach provides reliable signal to the policy-makers about the indicators that can drive imbalances within the area, shedding light on the relationship among the variables included in the analysis, too. Research limitations/implications – In fact, the empirical results underline some well-known critical issue for several countries, and is largely in line with results obtained in a variety of EC and OECD studies. Originality/value – The main added value of the approach adopted in this paper is the introduction of more variables than those initially proposed by the European Commission in the construction of the Scoreboard. This provides more information about the macroeconomic situation in each country, preserving, however, the simplicity of the analysis as the variables are aggregated by homogeneous areas.

Standards of Afrocentric Education for School Leaders and Teachers

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chike Akua
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
School Leaders ◽  
Educational Leaders ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Afrocentric Education ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Basic Standards ◽  
The Relationship

What is Afrocentric education (ACE)? What are the implications of ACE for school leaders and teachers? What is the relationship of ACE to multicultural education (MCE) and how does ACE differ from MCE? What are the standards that govern ACE’s philosophical foundation and practical application? This article provides a practical definition of ACE that can be understood by the community and the academy, the theoretical basis of ACE, its relationship to MCE, a synthesis of the research literature, and a framework of basic standards that educational leaders, teachers, and professors can employ for curriculum development, strategic planning, instructional leadership, instructional strategies, and transformation of school culture in PK-12 and higher education. This article also offers a definition of leadership and Afrocentric Educational Leadership to frame and inform future research.

The Tolstoy Connection in Bakhtin

PMLA ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caryl Emerson
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Reader ◽  
Death In Literature ◽  
Binary Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Mikhail Bakhtin's work on Dostoevsky is well known. Less familiar, perhaps, is Bakhtin's attitude toward the other great Russian nineteenth-century novelist, Leo Tolstoy. This essay explores that “Tolstoy connection,” both as a means for interrogating Bakhtin's analytic categories and as a focus for evaluating the larger tradition of “Tolstoy versus Dostoevsky.” Bakhtin is not a particularly good reader of Tolstoy. But he does make provocative use of the familiar binary model to pursue his most insistent concerns: monologism versus dialogism, the relationship of authors to their characters, the role of death in literature and life, and the concept of the self. Bakhtin's comments on these two novelists serve as a good starting point for assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the Bakhtinian model in general and suggest ways one might recast the dialogue between Tolstoy and Dostoevsky on somewhat different, more productive ground.

Open innovation practices adopted by private stakeholders: perspectives for living labs

Info ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Lapointe ◽  
David Guimont
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Living Lab ◽  
Living Labs ◽  
Innovation Practices ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – This paper aims to explore the role of private stakeholders in the living lab (LL) ecosystem and the relationship of private stakeholders to open innovation (OI) practices. There is extensive literature on private stakeholders and OI, but seldom mention is made on the specific question of how private stakeholders integrate OI in the context of a LL. Design/methodology/approach – The authors will analyze qualitatively how private businesses that have participated in a in situ open innovation evaluate and perceived their open innovation practices. Therefore, how they relate to open innovation. Then, the authors will identify a typology of the businesses in relation to OI. Findings – The research focused on the relationship of private stakeholders to OI in the context of in situ OI activities. The results obtained are consistent with literature on OI (Chesbrough, 2003). However, there are differences: if the elements mentioned by the respondents are described in literature, their representation of OI and its components allows us to affirm that this practice is not generalised and that it is often open to interpretation. That emphasises the importance of the role LLs can play as intermediaries to accompany private stakeholders in the OI process. Private stakeholders look for a guide to develop their OI know-how and find their way in the OI ecosystem. Originality/value – The value of this paper is to bridge the research on OI done with private organisation and the research on LLs. The research literature did not pay much attention to the representation of the private stakeholders in the OI ecosystem. This paper has provided the start to open up that field.

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