The Zone of Proximal Development and Diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Kostogriz ◽  
Nikolay Veresov
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Zone Of Proximal Development ◽  
Psychological Development ◽  
Proximal Development ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
The World

The concept of the zone of proximal development (ZPD) emerged in the cultural-historical theory of Vygotsky as a result of the broader quest for a new psychology and forms of education in the post-revolutionary Soviet Union. The project of unprecedented socioeconomic transformations created a political demand for education that would build intellectual, physical, and moral capabilities of the new generation of young people. Cultural-historical psychology, at that point in time, emerged as a result of such a demand, investigating the development of psychological functions and the role of education and upbringing in mediating this process. This meant an advancement of the study of mental activity as embedded in social and cultural practices where any intellectual function appears, first, on the social plane and then on the psychological plane of the child. The concept of the ZPD was formed as a result of this genetic law of psychological development that laid a methodological foundation of the new psychology. In terms of developing this foundation, Vygotsky was among the first psychologists to apply the principles of dialectics, searching for a fundamentally new approach to the analysis and explanation of psychological phenomena, especially their causal-dynamic nature. The concept of the ZPD is illustrative of Vygotsky’s dialectical method insofar as it represents the development of the child as a unity of contradictory relations between her actual level of development and the potential level that the child can achieve in collaboration with others. Initially, Vygotsky introduced the ZPD as a diagnostic principle of defining the child’s abilities to collaborate with others in order to determine the area of evolving and future intellectual functions, rather than evaluating the outcomes of the child’s past development. By prioritizing the role of collaboration in the development of intellectual functions, Vygotsky’s ZPD bridged the world of psychological development and the world of education. The ZPD, from this perspective, opens up the internal relation between development and education, with the process of education leading the development of intellectual functions. Education creates opportunities for children to build their future capabilities, wakening up, as it were, those processes that could not be possible without their participation in intersubjective encounters or dialogical classroom events. The ZPD, in a pedagogical sense, is a social space of learning and communication in which children can build their consciousness, understandings, self-regulation, and agency. Yet, this is also a space where children’s differences and particularities are most visible. Depending on how diversity is recognized, the process of education can either stimulate or repress intellectual development.

scholarly journals Institutes of thought - a new intellectual project

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Tatyana S. Akopova
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Teaching Thinking

The article deals with current problems of innovative and prospective development of modern society, related to the formation of a new type of personality capable of self-determination in the conditions of a new technological order and the needs of humanitarization of social processes. The philosophical problem posed by science in ancient times - "what is a person" today is interpreted by social practice by the requirement to understand what is a thinking person, how ready he is to consciously perceive the world and himself in the world. the Demand for an intellectually developed person, a subject of social creativity with the ability to real thinking, a conscious approach to any situation, involves the creation of a new social space, in which various institutions of intellectual development are located - from traditional to new, initiative. The role of the entire educational system - from General to higher education-is growing, and it is becoming a leading factor and a promising process in creating new learning technologies and, above all, in teaching thinking. The obvious lag of education in solving this problem causes the intellectual elite to act ahead of time, interested in a new approach to the problem of creativity and thinking. This is evidenced by various associations, clubs, and unions formed locally, in professional communities, and in scientific circles that discuss and develop thinking technologies.

scholarly journals PERAN ORANGTUA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN MORAL ANAK DALAM KELUARGA MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN THROUGH THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN A FAMILY

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Yanizon
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Moral Vision ◽  
Moral Formation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Role Of Parents

Perkembangan moral pada masa kanak-kanak masih dalam tingkat yang rendah. Hal ini disebabkan karena perkembangan intelektual anak-anak belum mencapai titik di mana ia dapat mempelajari atau menerapkan prinsip-prinsip abstrak tentang benar dan salah. Orang tua merupakan tempat pertama terbentuknya moral anak. Kasih sayang yang diberikan orang tua terhadap anak, membangun sistem interaksi yang bermoral antara anak dengan orang lain. Hubungan dengan orang tua yang hangat, ramah, gembira dan menunjukkan sikap kasih sayang merupakan pupuk bagi perkembangan moral anak. Dengan demikian, maka penting sekali peranan orang tua di keluarga dalam perkembangan moral anak, karena orang tua merupakan pendidik pertama yang diterima anak ketika mereka terlahir kedunia. Adapun peran orang tua dalam pembentukan moral anak dilihat dari pegembangan pandangan moral, perasaan moral dan tingkah laku moral. Ketiga unsur tersebut terbentuk dari interaksi orang tua anak dalam keluarga yang berlangsung dari anak-anak hingga dewasa. Oleh karena itu, sudah seharusnyalah orang tua berperan sebagai teladan yang baik di keluarga untuk menjadi contoh bagi anak-anaknya.Kata Kunci: Moral, Peran Orang Tua Moral development in childhood is still in a low level. It is because of the children’s intellectual development has not already reached the level where he is able to learn or apply the abstract principles about right and wrong things. Parental is the first point of children’s moral formation. Parents’ Affection toward children, build their moral interaction systems. A warm, friendly, happy relationship and affection between parents and children are children’s moral development fertilizer. Thus, parents’ roles toward children’s moral development are very essential, because parents are the first educators for children when they got born into the world. Parents’ roles toward children’s moral formation are viewed from children’s developing moral vision, a sense of morality and moral behavior. These three elements were formed from parents and children’s interaction in a family since childhood to adulthood. Therefore, it is a must for parents to figure well in the family to be as a good example for their children.Keywords: Moral, Parents’ Role  

The Role of the Knowledgeable Other in Student-Scientist-Teacher Partnerships

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-42
Author(s):  
Sarah L. McClusky ◽  
Donna Farland-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Zone Of Proximal Development ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Proximal Development ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Second Grade Students ◽  
Effective Exchange ◽  
Different Levels

This chapter focuses on the language and interactions of a visiting scientist and a group of second-grade students (N=18). Guiding this study was the understanding that a student-scientist-teacher partnership supports a social cultural perspective that provides a zone of proximal development in a multifaceted and effective exchange of knowledge for all members of the partnership. The study examined how these interactions can be understood in terms of the zone of proximal development at different levels. It was determined that all three members of the triad can be the more knowledgeable other and move the knowledge between them.

Bianca Garufi: the virtue of curiosity

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Liberiana Pavone
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Development ◽  
Considerable Contribution ◽  
James Hillman ◽  
Cultural Milieu ◽  
The World

In this article the importance of Bianca Garufi in the Italian cultural milieu is presented and discussed. Her view of the world and of the psyche always emphasised the fundamental role of the relationships between the various psychic components within a non-reducible monotheism as well as a tendency to avoid definitive explanations. The research on the image that Garufi carried out throughout her life is proof of these attitudes. For her, the image is crucial not only because of its intrinsic unity but also because of its role in the imaginative process and because it is the engine of psychological development. Bianca Garufi established and maintained important links between the Italian and English analytical worlds, and also made a considerable contribution to the development of the archetypal school of thought, especially by translating into Italian and disseminating the works of James Hillman.

scholarly journals Considering the Role of Zone of Proximal Development and Constructivism in Supporting Teachers’ TPACK and Effective Use of Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (64) ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew Polly ◽  
Erik Byker
Keyword(s):  
Content Knowledge ◽  
Zone Of Proximal Development ◽  
Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge ◽  
Teacher Education Programs ◽  
Proximal Development ◽  
Pedagogical Content ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Supporting Teachers

This paper focuses on the construct of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) as a way to think about the knowledge and skills teachers need to effectively use technology with students. We use the construct of Vygotksy’s Zone of Proximal Development and Social Constructivist epistemologies to consider ways to scaffold and develop pre-service teachers’ TPACK. We synthesize these ideas and provide vignettes that describe what these look like in teacher education programs. We then conclude with implications for both research and practice.

The Regrettable Neglect of Affect: Comment on Karin Junefelt's paper

1990 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-151
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Snow
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Zone Of Proximal Development ◽  
Development Communication ◽  
Proximal Development ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
Communicative Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
Mediational Means ◽  
Explanatory Concept

The recent upsurge of attention to Vygotsky's writings in developmental psychology, with their welcome focus on the role of the adult, on interaction and on the connection between communication and cognition constitutes a healthy redress to the Piagetian focus on the autonomous child operating in a world of things and actions rather than a world of people and relationships. In light of the corrective potential of Vygotskian ideas, it is not surprising that they have been embraced widely. Unfortunately, despite the initial appeal of central Vygotskian notions like the zone of proximal development, the intraindividual recapitulation of interindividual processes and the use of language as mediational means, it is very hard to take these notions beyond the status of slogan to the status of explanatory concept. A valuable contribution made by Junefelt in her article “The zone of proximal development and communicative development” is to give concrete examples of how these Vygotskian notions can help us understand a particular domain of development — communication.

scholarly journals ReDesigning intercultural exchanges through the use of augmented reality

2019 ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
Stella Hadjistassou ◽  
Maria Iosifina Avgousti ◽  
Petros Louca
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Zone Of Proximal Development ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Proximal Development ◽  
Disruptive Students ◽  
The Uk

While the debate on breakthrough technologies has focused on inept, dexterous, and socially transforming technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) assistants and robot dexterity, in second/foreign language learning, particular emphasis is placed on AI, Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR). This study takes a closer look at the role of three newly developed AR applications in promoting a better understanding of complex concepts such as the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), strategies in dealing with disruptive students, and an immigrant’s perspective in moving to a foreign country with no knowledge of the language(s) spoken in that country. The AR applications were developed and implemented during intercultural exchanges among students enrolled in academic institutions in the UK and Cyprus. The aim was to develop AR applications that were geared toward the learning needs of future language teachers and examine what students could achieve through the use of these applications during goal-driven tasks and activities.

scholarly journals Imagination in Children Entering Culture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Jovchelovitch ◽  
Jacqueline Priego-Hernández ◽  
Vlad Petre Glăveanu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Way

Although children are born in a world of already established cultural practices and social representations, the appropriation and internalization of culture are not tasks of reproduction but of imaginative construction. The cultural development of the child offers an empirical opportunity to examine the role of the imagination in the practices by which human children enter culture. This chapter focuses on three such practices—care, play, and storytelling—to observe the imagination at work. By imagining the world both as what it is and as different from the way it is, the authors show that children’s imaginative engagement guides the microgenesis of cognition and macroprocesses of cultural development, and it establishes the freedom to create as a key process in the realization of self and society.

scholarly journals Zone of Proximal Development, Scaffolding and Teaching Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
A.A. Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Zone Of Proximal Development ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Proximal Development ◽  
Joint Learning ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Leading Role

The construction of the zone of proximal development (ZPD) in the context of teaching activity is discussed in the paper.ZPD is compared and contrasted with the concept of scaffolding as introduced by Jerome Bruner. In the context of its potential for operationalisation in the form of teacher activities, the author examines key ZPD content given by Lev Vygotsky in terms of the complex interaction of spontaneous (everyday) concepts formed prior to the beginning of school education with scientific (theoretical) concepts formed during schooling. Vygotsky’s main idea about the leading role of scientific concepts in the restructuring of previously formed spontaneous concepts, as well as in the development of the child’s holistic thinking, leads to the conclusion that it is possible also to directly influence the spontaneous formation concepts change through the organisation of collectively distributed forms of educational activity and in a polylogue based the Socratic method. The leading psychological processes, which ensure the development of spontaneous concepts through their greater generalisation and awareness, comprise the processes of exteriorisation of spontaneous concepts, reflection and subsequent interiorisation of a collectively constructed concept. Therefore, the activities of teaching in constructing a ZPD include providing conditions for the distribution of individual operations in the course of a joint learning action and facilitating a polylogue to ensure the effective functioning of these psychological processes in the course of specifically organised learning activities.

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