6. Critical perspectives
‘Critical perspectives’ presents two systemic critiques of corporate social responsibility (CSR), which argue that CSR is fundamentally undesirable or impossible. Firstly, there is the view associated with Milton Friedman that sees CSR as contrary to the core purpose of business, as unaccountable management excess at the expense of shareholders, and as undermining of democratic accountability for public affairs. Secondly, there is the anti-corporate perspective, usually associated with critics of capitalism more generally. This view sees CSR as an extension of the underlying problems of capitalism and of corporations therein. CSR advocates generally sit between the two views, rejecting both sets of deductive logics and their respective implications for the sociability and accountability of markets.