scholarly journals Control of Second Generation Tobacco Budworms on Cotton in Southern North Carolina, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-239
Author(s):  
J. S. Bacheler ◽  
D. W. Mott
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Beneficial Arthropods ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Mechanical Harvester ◽  
Recommended Practices

Abstract Cotton was planted on 4 May in a Norfolk loamy sand on 38-inch rows near Laurel Hill in southeastern NC. Recommended practices for fertility and weed management were followed, and 0.75 lb (AI)/acre Temik 15G used at planting for thrips control. Plots were 40 ft X 6 rows, with 10-ft alleys and 4 replications arranged in a RCBD. The entire test was oversprayed with 1.0 lb (AI)/acre Orthene 75S on 7 Jun to encourage TBW establishment via destruction of beneficial arthropods. A single application was applied to all plots on 21 Jun. All applications were applied with a CO2-pressurized back pack sprayer calibrated to deliver 8 gpa at 50 psi with a single Spraying Systems TX-8 hollow cone nozzle per row. On 27 Jun, 25 terminals from each plot were examined for TBW eggs, terminal damage from TBW and live larvae. No squares were present at this relatively late date and thus were not sampled. On 31 Jul, the number of white blooms and bolls was counted for 15 ft for each plot per replicate (60 ft total per treatment). Plots were harvested with a 2-row John Deere mechanical harvester on 18 Oct.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pyrethroid Alternatives for Tobacco Budworm Control, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-218
Author(s):  
J. S. Bacheler ◽  
D. W. Mott
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Beneficial Arthropods ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Recommended Practices

Abstract Cotton was planted on 1 May in a Faceville loamy sand on 38-inch rows near Laurel Hill in southeastern NC. Recommended practices for fertility and weed management were followed, and 0.75 lb (AI)/acre Temik 15G used at planting for thrips control. Plots were 45 ft X 6 rows, with 10-ft alleys and 4 replications arranged in a RCBD. The entire test was oversprayed with 0.75 lb (AI)/acre Orthene 75S on 19 Jun to encourage TBW establishment via destruction of beneficial arthropods. A single application was applied to all plots on 30 Jun. All applications were applied with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver 8 gpa at 50 psi with a single Spraying Systems TX-8 hollow-cone nozzle per row. On 8 Jul, 25 terminals from each plot (total 100 per treatment) were examined for terminal and square damage by TBW and live larvae. Plots were not harvested. All data were analyzed by ANOVA and DMRT.

Control of Helicoverpa zea in Tomatoes with Chlorantraniliprole Applied Through Drip Chemigation

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Kuhar ◽  
James F. Walgenbach ◽  
Hélène B. Doughty
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Beneficial Arthropods ◽  
Worker Exposure ◽  
Anthranilic Diamide ◽  
Mammalian Toxicity ◽  
Tomato Fruitworm ◽  
Reduced Risk

Chlorantraniliprole (=Rynaxypyr) is a novel anthranilic diamide insecticide that is of interest to vegetable growers because of its low mammalian toxicity and systemic properties. Field trials were conducted between 2006 and 2008 in North Carolina and Virginia to test the efficacy of chlorantraniliprole as a drip chemigation treatment on tomatoes. Drip chemigation of chlorantraniliprole at various rates and intervals significantly reduced the percentage of tomatoes damaged by tomato fruitworm (Helicoverpa zea) comparable to that typically achieved from multiple foliar applications of insecticides. The best control was achieved with two applications of chlorantraniliprole at 0.074 kg ai/ha, or a single application at 0.099 kg ai/ha. Residual ingestion bioassays showed that chlorantraniliprole was effectively taken up by the roots and was active in leaves up to 66 days after treatment (DAT), active in blossoms up to 22 DAT, but was not active in fruit. Drip chemigation of chlorantraniliprole may offer several advantages over foliar applications, including ease of application, reduced pesticide input into the environment, reduced worker exposure to pesticides, and reduced risk to beneficial arthropods. Accepted for publication 14 January 2010. Published 7 April 2010.

scholarly journals Efficacy of two Pyrethroids Employed at Traditional and Extended Spray Intervals Against Fall Armyworm, Bollworm and European Corn Borer in North Carolina, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 298-298
Author(s):  
J. S. Bacheler ◽  
D. W. Mott
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Initial Application

Abstract Cotton was planted in a Wagram loamy sand on 10 May near Richlands, NC. The fertility and weed management programs followed NCSU recommendations with 0.6 lb (AI)/acre Temik 15G applied in furrow at planting. Plot size was 6 rows (38 inch centers) × 50 ft with 10 ft alleys. A RCBD was used with 4 replicates. Treatments were applied via a backpack-type CO2-pressurized sprayer calibrated to deliver 8 gpa at 50 psi with a single TX-8 Spraying Systems nozzle per row. Initial application for all treatments, based upon exceeding a threshold of 10 eggs per 100 terminals, was made on 22 Jul. The second application for the Baythroid 0.028 lb (AI)/acre, regular start treatment was made on 27 Jul, while the Baythroid at 0.045 lb (AI)/acre regular start treatment received only the initial application. The Baythroid at 0.028 lb (AI)/acre, scouting-based plot was treated on 22 and 27 Jul and on 4 and 19 Aug. The Baythroid at 0.045 lb (AI)/acre, extended, 14-d interval plot was treated on 22 Jul and on 4 and 19 Aug. A final Baythroid 0.028 lb (AI)/acre, extended, 14-d interval treatment was likewise applied on 22 Jul and on 4 and 19 Aug. Karate at 0.025 lb (AI)/acre was also treated at a scouting-based schedule of 22 and 27 Jul and 4 and 19 Aug, and the same material at 0.04 lb (AI)/acre on the extended 14-d interval was applied on 22 Jul and on 4 and 19 Aug. All plots were evaluated for FAW, ECB and BW-damaged bolls on 17 Aug and 15 Sep. Plots were harvested with a 1-row John Deere mechanical picker from the middle two rows on 13 Oct.

Nitrogen and Weed Management for Organic Sweet Corn Production on Loamy Sand

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 758-769
Author(s):  
Jaimie R. West ◽  
Matthew D. Ruark ◽  
Alvin J. Bussan ◽  
Jed B. Colquhoun ◽  
Erin M. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Corn Production

Susceptibility of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) to herbicides in accessions collected from the North Carolina Coastal Plain

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 582-593
Author(s):  
Denis J. Mahoney ◽  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Nilda Roma-Burgos ◽  
Katherine M. Jennings ◽  
Ramon G. Leon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Amaranthus Palmeri ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
Two Populations

AbstractPalmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) populations resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides and glyphosate are fairly common throughout the state of North Carolina (NC). This has led farm managers to rely more heavily on herbicides with other sites of action (SOA) for A. palmeri control, especially protoporphyrinogen oxidase and glutamine synthetase inhibitors. In the fall of 2016, seeds from A. palmeri populations were collected from the NC Coastal Plain, the state’s most prominent agricultural region. In separate experiments, plants with 2 to 4 leaves from the 110 populations were treated with field use rates of glyphosate, glufosinate-ammonium, fomesafen, mesotrione, or thifensulfuron-methyl. Percent visible control and survival were evaluated 3 wk after treatment. Survival frequencies were highest following glyphosate (99%) or thifensulfuron-methyl (96%) treatment. Known mutations conferring resistance to ALS inhibitors were found in populations surviving thifensulfuron-methyl application (Ala-122-Ser, Pro-197-Ser, Trp-574-Leu, and/or Ser-653-Asn), in addition to a new mutation (Ala-282-Asp) that requires further investigation. Forty-two populations had survivors after mesotrione application, with one population having 17% survival. Four populations survived fomesafen treatment, while none survived glufosinate. Dose–response studies showed an increase in fomesafen needed to kill 50% of two populations (LD50); however, these rates were far below the field use rate (less than 5 g ha−1). In two populations following mesotrione dose–response studies, a 2.4- to 3.3-fold increase was noted, with LD90 values approaching the field use rate (72.8 and 89.8 g ha−1). Screening of the progeny of individuals surviving mesotrione confirmed the presence of resistance alleles, as there were a higher number of survivors at the 1X rate compared with the parent population, confirming resistance to mesotrione. These data suggest A. palmeri resistant to chemistries other than glyphosate and thifensulfuron-methyl are present in NC, which highlights the need for weed management approaches to mitigate the evolution and spread of herbicide-resistant populations.

scholarly journals Comparison of Pymetrozine (Cga 215944) and Imidacloprid (Provado) Foliar Sprays to Control Aphids in Tomatoes, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-185
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Aphid Populations

Abstract Tomatoes were transplanted on 9 Aug at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of a single row 20 ft X 5 ft, bordered on each side by an untreated guard row. On 1 Oct, heavy potato aphid populations developed in the test field. A pre-count of live aphids on 5 randomly picked compound leaves/plot was taken on this date and followed by a single application of all treatments. Treatments were applied with a backpack sprayer equipped with a 3 hollow cone nozzle boom and delivering 46 gal water/acre at 40 psi. To evaluate efficacy, the plots were sampled as previously described for the pre-count on the dates indicated in the table.

Effect of rate and timing of indaziflam on ‘Sunbelt’ and muscadine grape

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-385
Author(s):  
Nicholas T. Basinger ◽  
Katherine M. Jennings ◽  
David W. Monks ◽  
Wayne E. Mitchem
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southern Us ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Muscadine Grape ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

AbstractStudies were conducted at six locations across North Carolina to determine tolerance of ‘Sunbelt’ grape (bunch grape) and muscadine grape (‘Carlos’, ‘Triumph’, ‘Summit’) to indaziflam herbicide. Treatments included indaziflam (0, 50, 73 g ai ha–1) or flumioxazin (213 g ai ha–1) applied alone in April, and sequential applications of indaziflam (36, 50, 73 g ai ha–1) or flumioxazin (213 g ai ha–1) applied in April followed by the same rate applied in June. No crop injury was observed across locations. Muscadine yield was not affected by herbicide treatments. Yield of ‘Sunbelt’ grape increased with sequential applications of indaziflam at 73 g ha–1 when compared to a single application of indaziflam at 50 g ha–1 or flumioxazin at 213 g ha–1 in 2015. Sequential applications of flumioxazin at 213 g ha–1 reduced ‘Sunbelt’ yield compared to a single application of indaziflam at 73 g ha–1 in 2016. Trunk cross-sectional area was unaffected by herbicide treatments. Fruit quality (soluble solids concentration, titratable acidity, and pH) for muscadine and bunch grape was not affected by herbicide treatments. Indaziflam was safe to use at registered rates and could be integrated into weed management programs for southern US vineyards.

Weed management in bromoxynil-resistantGossypium hirsutum

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary D. Paulsgrove ◽  
John W. Wilcut
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Cassia Occidentalis ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Sida Spinosa ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Anoda Cristata

An experiment was conducted at two locations in Georgia and two locations in North Carolina during 1994 and 1995 to evaluate weed management in conventional-tillage bromoxynil-resistantGossypium hirsutumL. (cotton). The weed management systems evaluated included different combinations of fluometuron preemergence (PRE), bromoxynil or bromoxynil plus MSMA early postemergence (EPOST), bromoxynil postemergence (POST), and cyanazine plus MSMA late post-directed (LAYBY). Fluometuron PRE improved control ofAcanthospermum hisptdiumDC. (bristly starbur),Cassia occidentalisL. (coffee senna),Chenopodium albumL. (common lambsquarters),Desmodium tortuosum(Sw.) DC. (Florida beggarweed),Sida spinosaL. (prickly sida),Jacquemontia tamnifolia(L.) Griseb. (smallflower morningglory), andAnoda cristata(L.) Schlecht. (spurred anoda), compared to system that did not use fluometuron PRE. It also improvedG. hirsutumyields at three four locations. Bromoxynil-containing systems provided better weed control and higherG. hirsutumyields than systems without bromoxynil. Bromoxynil EPOST controlledA. hispidium, C. occidentalis, C. album, D. tortuosum, S. spinosa, J. tamnifolia, andA. cristata.Control of these species was frequently improved by a second application of bromoxynil POST. Bromoxynil EPOST, POST, or EPOST plus POST did not controlSenna obtusifolia(L.) Irwin and Barneby (sicklepod), but the addition of MSMA to bromoxynil EPOST improvedS. obtusifoliacontrol. Control of all dicotyledonous weeds was improved by a LAYBY treatment of cyanazine plus MSMA, and yields were improved at three of four locations with this treatment.Gossypium hirsutumwas not injured by POST treatments of bromoxynil, and only temporary injury resulted from POST treatments of MSMA.

Weed management with CGA-362622 in transgenic and nontransgenic cotton

Weed Science ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1002-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunk Porterfield ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
Jerry W. Wells ◽  
Scott B. Clewis
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field studies conducted at three locations in North Carolina in 1998 and 1999 evaluated crop tolerance, weed control, and yield with CGA-362622 alone and in combination with various weed management systems in transgenic and nontransgenic cotton systems. The herbicide systems used bromoxynil, CGA-362622, glyphosate, and pyrithiobac applied alone early postemergence (EPOST) or mixtures of CGA-362622 plus bromoxynil, glyphosate, or pyrithiobac applied EPOST. Trifluralin preplant incorporated followed by (fb) fluometuron preemergence (PRE) alone or fb a late POST–directed (LAYBY) treatment of prometryn plus MSMA controlled all the weed species present less than 90%. Herbicide systems that included soil-applied and LAYBY herbicides plus glyphosate EPOST or mixtures of CGA-362622 EPOST plus bromoxynil, glyphosate, or pyrithiobac controlled broadleaf signalgrass, entireleaf morningglory, large crabgrass, Palmer amaranth, prickly sida, sicklepod, and smooth pigweed at least 90%. Only cotton treated with these herbicide systems yielded equivalent to the weed-free check for each cultivar. Bromoxynil systems did not control Palmer amaranth and sicklepod, pyrithiobac systems did not control sicklepod, and CGA-362622 systems did not control prickly sida.

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