Tobacco Insect Control with Insecticides Applied in the Transplant Water, 1996

Abstract Various insecticides applied as transplant water treatments were compared with foliar and soil treatments for TA and TFB control and for their effects on the yield of flue-cured to bacco. Tests were conducted on a Chesterfield-Mayodan-Bourne sandy loam soil at the Southern Piedmont Agricultural Agric. Res. and Ext. Cntr., Black-stone, VA. Eleven treatments and an untreated check were established in a RCB design with 4 replications. Plots, 4 X 40 ft (1 row X 24 plants), were separated by single untreated guard rows. The Temik treatment was applied in a 14-inch band using a tractor mounted-Gandy granular applicator and immediately covered with 6 inches of soil at bed formation on 21 May (soil temperature 75 °F ambient temperature, 88 °F, soil pH, 5.6; weather, sunny; soil moisture, good). The Admire drench treatment was applied to tobacco seedlings in 288-cell float trays 24 hrs before transplanting. The treatment was applied with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 1 fl oz of Admire 240 FS in 1.84 gal of water/1,000 plants through 8003LP tips at 20 psi. Treatments were watered in with an additional 1 gal of water immediately after application. ‘Coker 371 Gold’ flue-cured tobacco was transplanted and the transplant water (TPW) treatments were applied in 204 gal solution/acre with a Holland plunger-type transplanter on 21 May. The weather was sunny, and soil and ambient temperature was 75 °F and 88-91 °F, respectively. Foliar applications of Orthene were applied on 3 Jul and 8 Aug with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 28 gpa at 60 psi through TX-12 nozzles (3 per row. The weather was clear, wind speed was less than 5 mph, and ambient temperature was 84-86°F at each application. Except for insect control, tobacco production followed Virginia Cooperative Extension recommendations. Dipel 4 L (Bacillus thuringiensis) was applied for tobacco hornworm control on 3 Jul. TA were counted on the upper 4 leaves of 10 plants/plot about once a week from 6 to 10 wks after transplanting. On 22 Aug, TA damage was rated for each plot on a scale of 0 to 10: 0 = no signs of aphid feeding; 10 = all leaves showing severe damage resulting from TA infestations including honeydew, sooty mold, necrotic leaf tissue, and exuviae. TFB feeding holes were counted on 5 plants/plot on 2 and 26 Jun, 2 and 5 wks after transplanting. Tobacco was harvested and cured and yield was determined. Data was analyzed by ANOVA and significantly different means were separated by Waller-Duncan K-ratio t-test (K = 100). TA count data were transformed to log10 (x + 1) before analysis.

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Tobacco Insect Control with Insecticides Applied in the Transplant Water, 1995

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/21.1.309 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 309-310

Author(s):

Paul J. Semtner ◽

Surendra K. Dara ◽

William B. Wilkinson

Keyword(s):

Ambient Temperature ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Calculated Data ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Tobacco Seedlings ◽

Loam Soil ◽

X 24 ◽

Water Treatments

Abstract Various insecticides applied as transplant water treatments were compared with foliar and soil treatments for TA and TFB control on flue-cured tobacco. Tests were conducted on a Chesterfield-Mayodan-Bourne sandy loam soil at the VPI & SU Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Blackstone, VA. Eleven treatments and an untreated control were established in a RCB design with 4 replications. Plots, 4 X 40 ft (1 row X 24 plants), were separated by single untreated guard rows. The Temik treatment was applied in a 14-inch band using a tractor mounted-Gandy granular applicator and immediately covered with 6 inches of soil at bed formation on 9 May (soil temperature, 65 °F; ambient temperature, 70 °F; soil pH, 5.6; weather, sunny; soil moisture, good). The Admire drench treatment was applied to tobacco seedlings in 288-cell float trays 24 hr before transplanting. The treatment was applied with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 1 fl oz of Admire 240FS in 1.84 gal of water/1,000 plants through 8003LP tips at 20 psi. Treatments were watered in with an additional 1 gal of water immediately after application. ‘Coker 371 Gold’ flue-cured tobacco was transplanted and the transplant water (TPW) treatments were applied in 215 gal solution/acre with a Holland plunger-type transplanter on 16 May. The weather was sunny, and soil and ambient temperatures were 70 °F and 78-81 °F, respectively. Foliar applications of Orthene were applied on 3 Jul with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 28 gpa at 60 psi through 3, TX-12 nozzles/row. The weather was clear, wind speed was less than 5 mph, and ambient temperature was 86 °F. Tobacco production followed Virginia Cooperative Extension recommendations for weed and disease control, fertilization, topping and sucker control. Dipel 4L was applied for tobacco hornworm control on 4 Aug. TA were counted on the upper 4 leaves of 10 plants/plot about once a wk from 6 to 10 wk after transplanting. On 22 Aug, TA damage was rated for each plot on a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 = no signs of aphid feeding and 10 = all leaves showing severe damage resulting from TA infestations including honeydew, sooty mold, necrotic leaf tissue and exuviae. TFB feeding holes were counted on 5 plants/plot on 22 May, 1 wk after transplanting. Tobacco was harvested as it ripened, weighed, graded by a USDA/AMS inspector, and yields and prices were calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and significantly different means were separated by WD (K-ratio = 100). TA count data were transformed to Log10 (X+l) before analysis.

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Aphid and Flea Beetle Control on Tobacco with Insecticides Applied in the Transplant Water, 1997

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/23.1.300 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 300-301

Author(s):

Paul J. Semtner ◽

William B. Wilkinson

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Flea Beetle ◽

Calculated Data ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Untreated Check ◽

Tobacco Seedlings ◽

Loam Soil ◽

X 24 ◽

The Impact

Abstract Various insecticides applied as transplant water treatments and transplant drench (TPD) were compared with foliar and soil treatments for TA and TFB control and for the impact of treatment on yield of flue-cured tobacco. Tests were conducted on a Chesterfield-Mayodan-Bourne sandy loam soil at the Southern Piedmont Agric. Res. and Ext. Cntr., Blackstone, VA. Eleven treatments and an untreated check were established in a RCB design with 4 replications Plots, 4 X 40 ft (1 row X 24 plants), were separated by single untreated guard rows. The Temik treatment was applied in a 14-inch band using a tractor-mounted-Gandy granular applicator and immediately covered with 6 inches of soil at bed formation on 15 May (Ambient temperature 75-78 °F, soil temperature, 70 °F, soil pH, 5.6; weather, sunny; soil moisture, good). The Admire drench treatment was applied to tobacco seedlings in 288-cell float trays 24 hrs before transplanting. The treatment was applied with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered the desired rates of Admire 240 FS in 0.46 gal of water/1,000 plants through 8003LP tips at 20 psi. Treatments were watered in with about 1 gal of water immediately after application. ‘Coker 371 Gold’ flue-cured tobacco was transplanted and the transplant water (TPW) treatments were applied in 204 gpa with a dipper at 4 fl oz/plant on 20 May. The weather was sunny, and soil and ambient temperatures were 70 °F and 78-81 °F, respectively. Foliar applications of Orthene were applied on 11 and 31 Jul with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 30 gpa at 50 psi through 3 TX-12 nozzles/row. Except for insect control, tobacco production followed recommendations of the Virginia Cooperative Extension Service. Dipel 4 L (Bacillus thuringienis) was applied for tobacco hornworm control on 3 Jul. TA were counted on the upper 4 leaves of 10 plants/plot about once a week from 6 to 10 wks after transplanting. On 22 Aug, TA damage was rated for each plot on a scale of 0 to 10: 0 = no signs of TA feeding; 10 = all leaves showing severe damage resulting from TA infestations including hon-eydew, sooty mold, necrotic leaf tissue and exuviae. TFB feeding holes were counted on 10 plants/plot at 2 to 4 wk after transplanting. Tobacco was harvested as it ripened, weighed, graded by a USDA/AMS inspector, and yields and prices were calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and significantly different means were separated by Waller-Duncan K-ratio t-test (K = 100). TA count data were transformed to log10 (x + 1) before analysis.

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Insect Control of Flue-Cured Tobacco with Systemic Insecticides, 1997

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/23.1.296 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 296-297

Author(s):

Paul J. Semtner ◽

William B. Wilkinson

Keyword(s):

Ambient Temperature ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Calculated Data ◽

Tobacco Budworm ◽

Insect Control ◽

Systemic Insecticides ◽

Control Production ◽

X 24 ◽

The Impact

Abstract This experiment was conducted at the Southern Piedmont Agric. Res. and Ext. Cntr., Blackstone, VA to evaluate TA and TFB control on flue-cured tobacco with various systemic insecticides applied as soil or transplant water treatments and to determine the impact of these treatments on tobacco yield. Thirteen treatments and an untreated check were established in a RCB design with 4 replications in a Chesterfield-Mayodan-Bourne sandy loam soil. Plots, 4 X 40 ft (1 row X 24 plants), were separately by single guard rows. Pre-transplant soil treatments of all liquid formulations except Furadan were broadcast with a CO2-pressurized tractor sprayer that delivered 32 gpa at 30 psi through 8003 LP tips on 13 May (Ambient temperature 66-68 °F, soil temperature, 65 °F; soil pH, 5.7; OM, <2%). Treatments were immediately incorporated by double disking. Band applications of Furadan and Temik were made during bed formation and immediately covered with 6 to 8 inch of soil on 15 May (Ambient temperature 75-78 °F, soil temperature, 70 °F). Furadan 4°F band treatments were applied in a 12-inch band using a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 16 gpa through an 8003E tip at 30 psi. Temik was applied in a 14-inch band using a tractor mounted-Gandy granular applicator. The soil was in excellent condition for both the pretransplant soil and bedding treatments. ‘Coker 371Gold’ flue-cured tobacco was transplanted into experimental plots on 19 May. A measuring cup was used to apply transplant water (TPW) treatments of Orthene and Admire in 4 fl oz/plant (204 gpa) at the base of each plant in the treatment plots. Except for insect control, production practices followed Virginia Cooperative Extension recommendations. Dipel (Bacillus thuringiensis) was applied for tobacco budworm and tobacco hornworm control on 3 Jul. Foliar applications of Orthene were applied to the Orthene TPW treatment on 5 and 31 Jul and to the Furadan treatment on 19 Jul using a CO2-pressurized back-pack sprayer that delivered 30 gpa through TX-12 tips (3 per row) at 50 psi. TA populations were estimated on the upper 4 levels of 10 plants/plot every 6 to 12 days from late Jun to mid Aug. On 25 Aug, TA damage was rated on a scale of 0 to 10: 0 = no signs of damage; 10 = very severe necrosis of leaves and extensive sooty mold. TFB and TFB feeding holes were counted on 10 plants/plot at 1 to 4 wks after transplanting. Tobacco was harvested as it ripened, weighted, and yield was calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and significantly different means were separated by Waller-Duncan K-ratio t-test (K = 100). TA count data were transformed to log10 (x + 1) before analysis. Actual means are presented in the table.

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Insect Control on Flue-Cured Tobacco with Systemic Insecticides, 1994

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/20.1.258 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 258-259

Author(s):

Paul J. Semtner ◽

William B. Wilkinson III

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Research ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Block Design ◽

Calculated Data ◽

Sooty Mold ◽

Systemic Insecticides ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Extension Center ◽

Water Treatments ◽

The Impact

Abstract This experiment was conducted to evaluate various systemic insecticides applied as soil or transplant water treatments followed by foliar applications of Orthene for TA and TFB control on fluecured tobacco and to determine the impact of treatment on tobacco yield and price. The experiment was conducted at the VPI & SU Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Blackstone, VA. Eleven treatments and an untreated control were established in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Plots, 4 × 40 ft (1 row × 24 plants), were separated by single guard rows. Pretransplant soil treatments of most liquid formulations were applied broadcast with a CO2-pressurized tractor sprayer that delivered 30.4 gal/acre at 40 psi through 8003LP tips on 29 Apr (Ambient temperature, 85-89°F, soil temperature, 75°F; soil pH, 5.8; OM, 2%). Treatments were immediately incorporated by double disking. The Furadan and Temik treatments were applied during bed formation and immediately covered with 6 to 8 inches of soil on 17 May. Furadan 4F was diluted 50:50 in water and applied in a narrow stream (< 1-inch wide) in the row using a peristaltic pump. Temik was applied in a 14 inch band using a tractor mounted- Gandy granular applicator. The soil moisture was good for both the pretransplant soil and bedding treatments. ‘K-326’ flue-cured tobacco was transplanted into experimental plots in a Chesterfield-Mayodan-Bourne sandy loam soil on 18 May. A measuring cup was used to apply transplant water (TPW) treatments of Orthene and Admire in 4 fl oz/plant (204 gal/acre) at the base of each plant in the treatment plots. Virginia Cooperative Extension recommendations were followed for production of the crop. Foliar applications of Orthene and Dipel were applied on 6 Jul with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 30 gal/acre through 3 TX-12 tips at 60 psi. TA populations were estimated on the upper 4 leaves of 10 plants/plot about once a week from 5 to 11 wk after transplanting. On 25 Aug, TA damage was rated on a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 = no aphid damage or sooty mold and 10 = very severe necrosis of leaves and extensive sooty mold. TFB and TFB feeding holes in the most damaged leaf were counted on 10 plants/ plot. Tobacco was harvested as it ripened, weighed, graded by a USDA/AMS inspector, and yield and price were calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and significantly different means were separated by WD (K-ratio = 100). Aphid count data were transformed to Log10(x + 1) before analysis.

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MITIGATION OF HEAT STRESS EFFECTS ON POTATO GROWTH BY CALCIUM AND NITROGEN APPLICATION DURING STRESS

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.596f ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 596f-596 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ahmed A. Tawfik ◽

Jiwan P. Palta

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

N Application ◽

Total N ◽

Stress Effects ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Potato Growth ◽

The Impact

The optimum temperature regime for Solanum tuberosum cv. Russet Burbank is usually 20/15°C day/night. We studied the impact of heat stress (30/25°C, day/night) on the growth of this heat sensitive cultivar under controlled conditions (UW-Biotron). Plants were grown in sandy-loam soil which tested at 1500 Kg/ha Ca. Plants were at the maximum temperature for 6h during the middle of the day with a photoperiod of 14 hrs. All pots received identical amounts of total N (rate: 225 Kg N ha1.). The treatments were: (1) NSN: non-split N (N application 1/2 emergence, 1/2 two wks later): (2) SPN: split-N (1/2 emergence 1/6 at 2, 5 and 8 wks later); (3) SPN+Ca: Split-N+Ca (Ca at 2, 5 and 8 wks after emergence, total Ca from CaNO3 was 113 Kg ha1). Total leaf FWT and DWT was significantly reduced in NS treatment by heat stress at 13 wks as compared to optimum conditions. However, this was not reduced in SPN and SPN+Ca. Under heat stress: (a) SPN + Ca gave the highest leaf FWT and DWT, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and leaflet tissue Ca content; (b) Young expanding leaflets gave higher growth rate with SPN and SPN + Ca than NSN; (c) Ca content of mature leaflet decreased progressively in both NSN and SPN but not in SPN + Ca. Our results show that application of Ca and N during heat stress can mitigate stress effects and that maintenance of a certain level of calcium in leaf tissue is important under heat stress.

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Nitrogen and Potassium Application Scheduling Effects on Drip-irrigated Tomato Yield and Leaf Tissue Analysis

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.2.230 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 230-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Salvadore J. Locascio ◽

George J. Hochmuth ◽

Fred M. Rhoads ◽

Steve M. Olson ◽

Alan G. Smajstrla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sandy Soil ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Fine Sand ◽

Application Rate ◽

Sandy Loam Soil ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Tomato Yield ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Petiole Sap

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was grown with drip irrigation on an Arredondo fine sand and on an Orangeburg fine sandy loam to evaluate the effect of N and K time of application on petiole sap, leaf-N and -K concentrations, fruit yield, and to determine N and K sufficiency ranges in leaf tissue. On the sandy soil, N—K at 196-112 kg·ha-1 were applied 0%, 40%, or 100% preplant with the remainder applied in 6 or 12 equal or in variable applications in 12 weeks. With the variable application rate, most nutrients were applied between weeks 5 and 10 after transplanting. On the sandy loam soil that tested high in K, only N (196 kg·ha-1) was applied as above. Petiole sap K concentration declined during the season, but was not greatly affected by treatment. Petiole NO3-N concentrations decreased during the season from 1100 to 200 mg·L-1, and the decrease was greater with preplant N treatments. On the sandy soil, marketable fruit yields were lowest with 100% preplant, intermediate with 100% drip applied (no preplant N), and highest with 40% preplant and 60% drip applied. With 100% drip applied, yields were higher with 12 even applications than with either six even weekly applications or with 12 variable N and K applications. With 40% preplant, timing of application had little effect on yield. On the sandy loam soil in 1993, yields were highest with 100% preplant, intermediate with 40% preplant and 60% drip applied, and lowest with all N drip applied. In 1994 when excessive rains occurred, yields were similar with all preplant and with split N applications. Petiole N concentration was correlated with tomato yield, especially at 10 weeks after transplanting. The best correlation between sap-N and total yields occurred between 4 and 6 weeks at Gainesville and between 4 and 10 weeks at Quincy.

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Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Peppers (Capsicum annuum) Grown with Dairy Manure Compost and Fertigated Nitrogen

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.495c ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 495c-495

Author(s):

Nancy E. Roe

Keyword(s):

Capsicum Annuum ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Soil Improvement ◽

Dairy Manure ◽

Total N ◽

Manure Compost ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Intensively Managed ◽

N Rates

The use of compost as an organic source of nutrients and soil improvement may help to increase the sustainability of intensively managed vegetables. Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) transplants were planted into silver-colored polyethylene mulched beds in a sandy loam soil amended with 0 or 22.4 Mg·ha–1 dairy manure compost. Preplant P was added to all beds at 78 kg·ha–1. During the season, N (as NH4NO3) was added about every 10 days. Total N rates for the season were: 0, 32, 65, or 96 kg·ha–1. Percent of N in pepper leaf tissue increased from a low of 2.7% without N to3.8% at the high N rate. Leaf P concentrations were higher in 0 N plots than in other rates. Compost resulted in higher leaf concentrations of Ca. There was an interaction of compost and N rates for percent of culls. Compost increased percentage of culls with 0 or 32 kg·ha–1 N, but decreased or did not affect cull percentage at 65, or 96 kg·ha–1 N. Compost did not affect other yield parameters measured. Marketable yields increased from 11 Mg·ha–1 with 0 N to 18 Mg·ha–1 with high N, although the regression was not significant, due to extreme variability within the field.

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RESEARCH ON CHANGES IN THE VOLUMETRIC ACTIVITY OF RADON IN SOIL AIR DEPENDING ON DEPTH / TŪRINIO RADONO AKTYVUMO DIRVOŽEMIO ORE KAITOS PAGAL GYLĮ TYRIMAS

Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis ◽

10.3846/mla.2012.72 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 448-454

Author(s):

Erika Streckytė ◽

Audrius Gagiškis ◽

Donatas Butkus

Keyword(s):

Ambient Temperature ◽

Atmospheric Pressure ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Sandy Loam Soil ◽

Soil Porosity ◽

Volumetric Activity ◽

Soil Air ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Radon Concentrations

The article discusses radon concentrations measured in the upper and deeper sandy-loam soil air. The conducted research has disclosed that the volumetric activity of radon in soil at various depths depends on soil porosity, ambient temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and the density of radium in soil. The paper shows that radon concentrations in soil air is distributed as follows: 3,0 ± 0,8 kBq/m3 (0,4 m), 9,0 ± 2,4 kBq/m3 (0,6 m), 11.5 kBq/m3 ± 1.2 (0,8 m). The intensity of exhalation of the respective depths makes 8,0 ± 0,9 mBq/m2s, 9,2 ± 1,3 mBq/m2s, 10,0 ± 0,1 mBq/m2s. Santrauka Tūrinis radono aktyvumas išmatuotas viršutiniame ir gilesniuose priesmėlio-priemolio dirvožemio oro sluoksniuose. Nustatyta, kad radono tūrinis aktyvumas įvairiuose dirvožemio gyliuose priklauso nuo dirvožemio porėtumo, aplinkos temperatūros, drėgmės, atmosferos slėgio, radžio kiekio dirvožemyje ir tankio. Pastebėtos tokios priklausomybės: kuo didesnis dirvožemio gylis, savitasis radžio aktyvumas dirvožemio ore, temperatūrų skirtumas tarp dirvožemio oro ir pažemio oro, tuo didesnis tūrinis radono aktyvumas dirvožemio ore bei ekshaliacijos intensyvumas. Nustatyta, kad tūrinis radono aktyvumas dirvožemio ore pasiskirstęs taip: 3,0 ± 0,8 kBq/m3(0,4 m gylyje); 9,0 ± 2,4 kBq/m3 (0,6 m gylyje); 11,5 ± 1,2 kBq/m3 (0,8 m gylyje). Ekshaliacijos intensyvumas atitinkamuose gyliuose yra 8,0 ± 0,9 mBq/m2·s; 9,2 ± 1,3 mBq/m2·s; 10,0 ± 0,1 mBq/m2·s.

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EFFECT OF FOLIAGE REMOVAL FOR USE AS A GREEN VEGETABLE ON GROWTH OF GEORGIA RED PEANUT S

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.28.4.270h ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 270H-270

Author(s):

D. G. Mortley ◽

J. Y. Lu ◽

P. Grant ◽

G. W. Carver

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Good Balance ◽

Green Vegetable ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Harvest Intervals ◽

Untreated Check ◽

Nut Production ◽

Loam Soil

The effect of periodic removal of peanut foliage for use as a green vegetable on final foliage and nut production was evaluated in a field experiment in the summer of 1992. Georgia Red peanut cultivar was grown in Norfolk sandy loam soil in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments consisted of removing peanut foliage at 2, 4, and 6 weeks, starting six weeks after planting, and an untreated check. Fresh foliage yield declined an average of 30% while dry weight declined 34% when harvested at 2 and 4 weeks. Nut yield declined 33% when harvested at 2 and 4 weeks but yield decreased only 10% when harvested at 6 weeks. Peanut greens are highly nutritious especially as a rich source of vitamin C and protein. For good balance between foliage and nut production, it appears that harvest intervals should be after four weeks.

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Tolerance to iron deficiency of lupins grown on calcareous soils

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9921187 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 1187 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

O Plessner ◽

A Dovrat ◽

Y Chen

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Chlorophyll Concentration ◽

Calcareous Soils ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Sandy Loam Soil ◽

Fe Deficiency ◽

Deficiency Symptoms ◽

Young Leaves ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Resistant Genotypes

Lupins differ in their efficiency to utilize Fe3+ in soils containing CaCO3. Most lupin species are susceptible to Fe deficiency. The objective of this study was to screen different lupin species, including introduced cultivars and wild types collected in Israel, for susceptibility to Fe deficiency. In a greenhouse experiment, inoculated seedlings, 7 to 10 days old, were planted in 1 L pots filled with a mountain rendzina soil from Emek Haela (pH=7.3, CaCO3- 45%), or with a brown-red sandy-loam soil from Rehovot (pH=7.7) not containing CaCO3. On the calcareous soil, susceptible lupin plants from day 7 onward showed various degrees of chlorosis, suggesting Fe deficiency, which at a later stage caused reduction of growth, necrosis of the leaf tissue, leaf abscission and ultimately death of the plants. Soil application of FeEDDHA resulted in an immediate remedy of the deficiency symptoms. No deficiency symptoms were observed on plants growing on the sandy-loam soil lacking CaCO3. Ranking of lupins based on visual symptoms of Fe deficiency and on chlorophyll concentration of young leaves relative to their tolerance to soil lime was as follows (location of source plants in brackets). Very good: Lupinus pilosw (Emek Haela), L. cosentinii cv. Erregulla and L. angustifolfus cv. Yorrel. Moderate L. angustifolius cv. Illyarrie. Low L. palaestinus (Gesher Haziv), L. albus cv. L221, L. angustifolius (Gesher Haziv). Very low: L. angustifolius (Givat Brenner), L. palaestinus (Rehovot). The need for further exploration of wild lime-resistant genotypes is emphasized.

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