Vitamin D intake and breast cancer risk: a case–control study in Italy

Background: Despite the emerging literature supporting the beneficial role of sufficient vitamin D level and its association with various cancers, current evidence on the vitamin D and the risk of getting breast cancer is still inconsistent. Furthermore, the study between vitamin D status and breast cancer risk among south east Asian women is limited. Aim: We aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and the risk of getting breast cancer among Malaysian women. Methods: We conducted a retrospective nested case control study which consisted of Malaysian Breast Cancer Cohort Study (MyBCC) subjects as the cases and UMMC Mammogram Cohort Study subjects as the hospital control. We also used a secondary data from the Cohort Study on Clustering of Lifestyle Risk Factors and understanding its association with stress on health and well-being among school teachers in Malaysia (CLUSTer), as we only included the data from the schools in Kuala Lumpur as the population control. We measured and compared serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) between newly diagnosed breast cancer patients (n= 231), female without cancer who came for mammogram checkup (n= 462) and female teachers without cancer from schools in Kuala Lumpur (n=231). Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum (25(OH)D) < 50 nmol/L. Results: Median serum (25(OH)D) for cases and controls were 42.43 nmol/L and 44.30 nmol/L, respectively. We examined the association between serum (25(OH)D) and breast cancer risk stratified by age < 50 and ≥ 50 years old. The crude ORs for breast cancer risk in cases and controls did not show statistically significant association with serum (25(OH)D) for both age groups ( P = 0.463 and P = 0.650, respectively). After adjustment for age, ethnicity, education level and BMI the ORs (95% CI) for breast cancer risk among both groups were 1.183 (0.591-2.366) ( P = 0.635) and 1.237 (0.801-1.911) ( P = 0.338) respectively for women with serum (25(OH)D) < 50 nmol/L. Conclusion: Our results suggest that there is lack of association between vitamin D deficiency and the risk of getting breast cancer in Malaysian women.

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Serum levels of vitamin D, PTH and calcium and breast cancer risk-a prospective nested case-control study

International Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1002/ijc.25215 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 127 (9) ◽

pp. 2159-2168 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Martin Almquist ◽

Anne-Greth Bondeson ◽

Lennart Bondeson ◽

Johan Malm ◽

Jonas Manjer

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Case Control ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

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Influence of body mass index on breast cancer risk related dietary patterns among women in Northern Tanzania: a case-control study

Das Gesundheitswesen ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1283501 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 73 (08/09) ◽

Author(s):

I Jordan ◽

A Hebestreit ◽

B Swai ◽

M Krawinkel

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Body Mass ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Northern Tanzania ◽

Control Study

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A case–control study in France showing that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with a higher risk of breast cancer

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95955-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mariem Hajji-Louati ◽

Emilie Cordina-Duverger ◽

Nasser Laouali ◽

Francesca-Romana Mancini ◽

Pascal Guénel

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Hormone Receptors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Breast Cancer Subtype ◽

Case Control ◽

Tumor Subtype ◽

Control Study

AbstractDietary regimens promoting inflammatory conditions have been implicated in breast cancer development, but studies on the association between pro-inflammatory diet and breast cancer risk have reported inconsistent results. We investigated the association between the inflammatory potential of diet and breast cancer risk in a case–control study in France including 872 breast cancer cases and 966 population controls. All women completed a food frequency questionnaire that was used to compute a Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) based on the inflammatory weight of 33 dietary components. The DII ranged from a median of − 3.22 in the lowest quartile (anti-inflammatory) to + 2.96 in the highest quartile (pro-inflammatory). The odds ratio contrasting quartile 4 to quartile 1 was 1.31 (95% CI 1.00, 1.73; p-trend = 0.02). Slightly higher odds ratios were observed in post-menopausal women, particularly those with body mass index > 25 kg/m2 (odds ratio 1.62; 95% CI 0.92, 2.83; p-trend = 0.02), and among ever smokers (odds ratio 1.71; 95% CI 1.11, 2.65; p-trend 0.01). The analyses by breast cancer subtype showed that the DII was associated with breast tumors that expressed either the estrogen (ER) or progesterone (PR) hormone receptors or the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2), but no association was seen for the triple negative breast tumor subtype. Our results add further evidence that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with breast cancer risk with possible effect variation according to tumor subtype.

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