A - 30 Executive Function in Division-I Collegiate Athletes and Recreationally Active College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-670
Author(s):  
Wilson J ◽  
Morelli N ◽  
Han DY ◽  
Hoch MC
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Division I ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Recreational Athletes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Division I Athletes

Abstract Objective High-level cognitive performance is important for navigating the complex environment of sport. The executive function domain may be of particular importance because it focuses on flexible thinking and self-control. It is unclear if high-level athletes exhibit similar executive function compared to recreational athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare executive function between male and female Division-I collegiate athletes and recreationally active peers. Methods Thirty-seven Division-I athletes (16 females, 21 males) and 30 recreationally active college students (19 females, 11 males) participated. Participants completed the Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test (FICA) and Dimensional Change Card Sort Test (DCCS) from the National Institute of Health Toolbox Cognitive Battery on a tablet to assess cognitive flexibility and attention and inhibitory control, respectively. Demographically-corrected T-scores were used for analysis. Two-way ANOVAs compared cognitive performance based on group and sex (p ≤ 0.05). Results There was a significant group-by-sex interaction for the FICA (p = 0.005). Female recreational athletes (50.68 ± 10.18) demonstrated higher FICA scores compared to female Division-I athletes (40.88 ± 7.35; p = 0.003, ES = 1.06). Male Division-I athletes (48.67 ± 10.39) also exhibited greater scores compared to female Division-I athletes (p = 0.015, ES = 0.83). There was no significant group-by-sex interaction (p = 0.84), group effect (p = 0.35), or sex effect (p = 0.43) for the DCCS. Conclusions Female Division-I athletes demonstrated poorer performance on the FICA compared to male Division-I athletes and recreational female athletes which may indicate a decreased ability to suppress motor responses caused by internal or external distractions. The significance of these findings for mitigating injury risk and improving athletic performance should be explored.

Athletes’ Perceptions of Their Team Motivational Climate, Career Exploration and Engagement, and Athletic Identity

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiira N. Poux ◽  
Mary D. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Athletic Identity ◽  
Career Exploration ◽  
Motivational Climate ◽  
Division I ◽  
Sport Teams ◽  
High Level ◽  
Division I Athletes ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between studentathletes’ perceptions of the motivational climate on their sport teams and their own career exploration and engagement and athletic identity. Student-athletes (N = 101) from various National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I institutions were administered online surveys. Canonical correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between the climate variables (i.e., caring, task, and ego) and athletic identity, career self-efficacy, and career exploration/engagement. One significant function emerged: Perceptions of a high task-involving climate and moderate caring climate were positively associated with athletes’ reporting higher athletic identity, career self-efficacy, and career exploration/engagement. Results suggest that Division I athletes may benefit from having coaches who foster a caring and task-involving team climate with regard to the athletes’ development as holistic individuals who spend their college years performing at a high level of sport and also preparing for their lives after college and sports.

scholarly journals Health-related Quality of Life in Former Division I Collegiate Athletes Compared to Non-Athletes: A 5-Year Follow-up

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet E. Simon ◽  
Mallory Lorence ◽  
Carrie L. Docherty
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Division I ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Division I Athletes

Abstract Context: The effect of athletic participation on lifelong health among elite athletes has received increasing attention as sports-related injuries can have a substantial impact on long-term health. Objective: Determine the current health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in former Division I athletes compared with non-collegiate athletes five-years following an initial assessment. Study Design: Prospective cohort Setting: Online survey Participants: For the former Division I athletes, 193 responses were received (response rate, 83.2%, 128 males, 65 females, 58.47±6.17years) and for the non-collegiate athletes, 169 surveys were returned (response rate, 75.1%, 80 males, 89 females; 58.44 ± 7.28years). Interventions: The independent variables were time (baseline, five years post) and group (former Division I athlete and non-collegiate athlete). Main Outcome Measures: Participants completed seven Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) scales: sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, physical function, and satisfaction with participation in social roles. Results: Physical function, depression, fatigue, sleep, and pain were significant for time × group (p<0.05) with the largest differences seen on physical function and pain between groups at time point 2 (22.19 and 13.99 points, respectively). Former Division I athletes had worse scores on physical function, depression, fatigue, and pain between the two points (p<0.05) with the largest differences seen on the depression, physical function, and fatigue scales (8.33, 6.61, and 6.23 points, respectively). Conclusion: Due to the competitive nature of sport, long term risks of diminished HRQoL need to become a priority for healthcare providers and athletes during their athletic career. Additionally, physical activity transition programs need to be explored to help senior student-athletes transition from highly structured and competitive collegiate athletics to lifestyle physical activity as it appears that individuals in the non-collegiate athlete cohort engage in more physical activity, weigh less, and have increased HRQoL.

scholarly journals Return to Sport After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome in NCAA Division I Athletes: Experience at a Single Institution

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 232596712091838
Author(s):  
Alexander E. Weber ◽  
Haley Nakata ◽  
Eric N. Mayer ◽  
Ioanna K. Bolia ◽  
Marc J. Philippon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Division I ◽  
Labral Repair ◽  
Sport Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
Division I Athletes

Background: The rate of return to sport after surgical treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome (FAIS) has been studied in high-level athletes. However, few studies examining this rate have focused exclusively on National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I athletes. Purpose: To evaluate the return-to-sport rate after hip arthroscopy for FAIS and to examine the influence of sport type on the clinical presentation of FAIS in collegiate athletes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Included in this study were NCAA Division I student-athletes who underwent hip arthroscopy for FAIS at our institution between 2010 and 2017. Exclusion criteria were history of previous hip pathology, pediatric hip disease, radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis (Tönnis grade >0), prior lower extremity procedure, history of chronic pain, osteoporosis, or history of systemic inflammatory disease. Athletes were categorized into 6 subgroups based on the type of sport (cutting, contact, endurance, impingement, asymmetric/overhead, and flexibility) by using a previously reported classification system. Patient characteristics and preoperative, intraoperative, and return-to-sport variables were compared among sport types. Results: A total of 49 hip arthroscopies for FAIS were performed in 39 collegiate athletes (10 females, 29 males; mean age, 19.5 ± 1.3 years). A total of 1 (2.6%) cutting athlete, 15 (38.5%) contact athletes, 8 (20.5%) impingement athletes, 6 (15.4%) asymmetric/overhead athletes, and 9 (23.1%) endurance athletes were included in the study. There were no differences among sports groups with respect to the FAI type. Endurance athletes had lower rates of femoral osteochondroplasty (45.5%) and labral debridement (0.0%) ( P < .0001). Contact sport athletes had higher rates of labral debridement (50.0%; P < .0001). Patients were evaluated for return to sport at an average of 1.96 ± 0.94 years. Overall, the return-to-sport rate was 89.7%. There were no differences in return-to-sport rates based on the sport type except for endurance athletes, who returned at a lower rate (66.6%; P < .001). No differences in return-to-sport rate ( P = .411), duration after return ( P = .265), or highest attempted level of sport resumed ( P = .625) were found between patients who underwent labral repair versus debridement. Conclusion: Collegiate-level athletes who underwent hip arthroscopy for FAIS returned to sport at high and predictable rates, with endurance athletes possibly returning to sport at lower rates than all other sport types. Surgical procedures may be influenced by sport type, but the rate of return to sport between athletes who underwent labral debridement versus labral repair was similar.

scholarly journals Hand and wrist injuries among collegiate athletes vary with athlete division

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen A. Holoyda ◽  
Daniel P. Donato ◽  
David A. Magno-Padron ◽  
Andrew M. Simpson ◽  
Jayant P. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Division I ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Wrist Injuries ◽  
Division I Athletes ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract Background The rates, severity and consequences of hand and wrist injuries sustained by National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes are not well characterized. This study describes the epidemiology of hand and wrist injuries among collegiate athletes competing in different divisions. Methods The National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program (NCAA-ISP) was accessed from 2004 to 2015 for the following sports: baseball, basketball, football, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer, wrestling, field hockey, gymnastics, softball and volleyball. The data were used to identify all hand and wrist injuries, the specific injury diagnosis, mean time loss of activity following injury, and need for surgery following injury. These were then stratified by gender. Descriptive statistics were performed to examine the association between sports, event type and division. Student's t test was used to calculate p-values for independent variables. Chi-Square test was used to calculate odds ratio. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results 103,098 hand and wrist injuries were reported in in the studied NCAA sports from 2004 to 2015. Male athletes sustained 72,423 injuries (6.01/10,000 athlete exposure) and female athletes sustained 30,675 injuries (4.13/10,000 athlete exposure). Division I athletes sustained significantly more injuries compared to divisions II and III. Overall, 3.78% of hand and wrist injuries required surgical intervention. A significantly higher percentage of division I athletes (both male and female) underwent surgical intervention compared to divisions II and III. The mean time lost due to hand and wrist injury was 7.14 days for all athletes. Division I athletes missed the fewest days due to injury at 6.29 days though this was not significant. Conclusions Hand and wrist injuries are common among collegiate athletes. Division I athletes sustain higher rates of injuries and higher surgical intervention rates, while tending to miss fewer days due to injury. Improved characterization of divisional differences in hand and wrist injuries can assist injury management and prevention.

No Pain, No Gain? The Influence of Gender and Athletic Status on Reporting Pain in Sports

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-284
Author(s):  
Laurel W. Sheffield ◽  
Lauren A. Stutts
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Division I ◽  
Head Coach ◽  
Athletic Status ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
Division I Athletes

Collegiate athletes are frequently exposed to pain/injury, which has the potential to negatively impact their physical and psychological health. This quasi-experimental study investigated the influence of gender and athletic status on deciding whether pain should be reported to the head coach in a vignette. Participants included 236 undergraduates who read four vignettes describing athletes (two men, two women) who were experiencing pain while playing a sport and made recommendations about whether the athlete should report the pain. Regardless of the gender of the athlete in the vignette, women and non-Division I athletes were more confident that the pain should be reported to the coach than men and athletes. Division I athletes’ recommendations for others to report pain did not align with what they reported practicing themselves. These results suggest that athletes and coaches should receive education about the factors that may lead an athlete to choose not to report pain.

scholarly journals Return to Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in a Cohort of Division I NCAA Athletes From a Single Institution

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 232596712098228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biagio Zampogna ◽  
Sebastiano Vasta ◽  
Guglielmo Torre ◽  
Akhil Gupta ◽  
Carolyn M. Hettrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Division I ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Division I Athletes

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are common in collegiate athletes. The rate of return to the preinjury level of sport activities after ACL reconstruction continues to evolve. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to determine the return-to-sport rate after ACL reconstruction in a cohort of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes in different sports. It was hypothesized that, with intensive supervision of rehabilitation, the return-to-sport rate would be optimal. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 75 collegiate athletes from a single institution who had undergone unilateral or bilateral ACL reconstruction between 2001 and 2013 and participated in an extensive supervised rehabilitation program. Prospectively collected athlete data as well as data about preinjury exposure, associated lesions, surgical technique, time lost to injury, number of games missed, time to return to full sport activity or retire, and subsequent surgical procedures were extracted from the medical and athletic trainer records. Results: The 75 patients (40 male, 35 female; mean age, 20.1 years) underwent 81 reconstruction procedures (73 primary, 8 revision). The mean follow-up was 19.3 months. The overall return-to-sport rate was 92%. After reconstruction, 9 athletes (12%) retired from collegiate sports, but 3 of them returned to sport activities after graduation. Overall, 8 athletes (11%) experienced an ACL graft retear. Conclusion: The return-to-sport rate in our National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes compared favorably with that reported in other studies in the literature. The strict follow-up by the surgeon, together with the high-profile, almost daily technical and psychological support given mainly by the athletic trainers during the recovery period, may have contributed to preparing the athletes for a competitive rate of return to sport at their preinjury level.

scholarly journals Preliminary Scale of Reference Values for Evaluating Reactive Strength Index-Modified in Male and Female NCAA Division I Athletes

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Sole ◽  
Timothy Suchomel ◽  
Michael Stone
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Division I ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Division I Athletes

The purpose of this analysis was to construct a preliminary scale of reference values for reactive strength index-modified (RSImod). Countermovement jump data from 151 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I collegiate athletes (male n = 76; female n = 75) were analyzed. Using percentiles, scales for both male and female samples were constructed. For further analysis, athletes were separated into four performance groups based on RSImod and comparisons of jump height (JH), and time to takeoff (TTT) were performed. RSImod values ranged from 0.208 to 0.704 and 0.135 to 0.553 in males and females, respectively. Males had greater RSImod (p < 0.001, d = 1.15) and JH (p < 0.001, d = 1.41) as compared to females. No statistically significant difference was observed for TTT between males and females (p = 0.909, d = 0.02). Only JH was found to be statistically different between all performance groups. For TTT no statistical differences were observed when comparing the top two and middle two groups for males and top two, bottom two, and middle two groups for females. Similarities in TTT between sexes and across performance groups suggests JH is a primary factor contributing to differences in RSImod. The results of this analysis provide practitioners with additional insight as well as a scale of reference values for evaluating RSImod scores in collegiate athletes.

scholarly journals A-34 Sex and Sport Differences in Baseline Neurocognitive Performance in Division-I Collegiate Athletes using the NIH Toolbox® Cognition Battery

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 630-630
Author(s):  
C Quintana ◽  
M A Kelly ◽  
N R Heebner ◽  
D Y Han ◽  
J P Abt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Division I ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Card Sort ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pattern Comparison ◽  
Division I Athletes

Abstract Objective Understanding sex and sport-related differences in baseline neurocognitive scores may aid in interpreting post-injury performance. Sex and sport-related differences in neurocognitive performance for collegiate athletes have not been examined on the NIH Toolbox® Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB). Therefore, this study sought to determine if baseline scores on the NIHTB-CB differ between sex or sport in collegiate athletes. It was hypothesized that sex, but not sport-related differences would exist in CB baseline performance. Method 107 Division-I athletes (47 females, 60 males) that participated in soccer (n = 45), football (n = 30), or cheerleading (n = 32) volunteered to participate. Participants completed tablet-based NIHTB-CB assessments including the Flanker Inhibitory Control & Attention (FICA), Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS), Picture Sequence Memory (PSM), and Pattern Comparison Processing Speed (PCPS) tests. These assessments measured visual attention, cognitive flexibility, memory recall, and processing speed, respectively. Fully corrected t-scores were used for analyses. Parametric and non-parametric tests compared scores based on sex and sport. Results Females demonstrated greater performance on the PCPS (Females: 64.72 ± 9.84, Males: 61.08 ± 8.85; p = 0.006). Males exhibited better performance on the FICA (Females: 45.72 ± 10.12, Males: 51.03 ± 10.70; p = 0.009). After controlling for sex, a significant difference across sports was identified in the FICA (p = 0.007) with cheerleading (43.81 ± 9.28) exhibiting poorer performance than football (54.33 ± 10.44; p = 0.002) and soccer (48.42 ± 10.28; p = 0.047). No sex or sport differences were identified for the DCCS or PSM. Conclusions Baseline differences in neurocognitive performance exist on the NIHTB-CB based on sex and sport suggesting these variables be taken into consideration when interpreting post-concussion scores in collegiate athletes.

scholarly journals Hand and Wrist Injuries Among Collegiate Athletes Vary with Athlete Division

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Holoyda ◽  
Daniel Donato ◽  
David Magno-Padron ◽  
Andrew Simpson ◽  
Jayant Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Division I ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Wrist Injuries ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Division I Athletes

Abstract Background: The rates, severity and consequences of hand and wrist injuries sustained by NCAA athletes are not well characterized. This study describes the epidemiology of hand and wrist injuries among collegiate athletes competing in different divisions. Methods: The National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program (NCAA-ISP) was accessed for various sports from 2004 to 2015. Data was stratified by hand and wrist injuries sustained, mean loss of activity time following the injury, male and female sport, need for surgery following injury and division. Descriptive statistics were performed to examine the association between sports, event type and gender. P < 0.05 was considered significantResults 103,098 hand and wrist injuries were reported in all NCAA sports from 2004-2015. Male athletes sustained 72,423 injuries (6.01/10,000 athlete events) and female athletes sustained 30,675 injuries (4.13/10,000 athlete events). Division I athletes sustained significantly more injuries compared to divisions II and III. Overall, 3.78% of hand and wrist injuries required surgical intervention. A significantly higher percentage of division I athletes (both male and female) underwent surgical intervention compared to divisions II and III. The mean time lost due to hand and wrist injury was 7.14 days for all athletes. Division I athletes tended to miss fewer days due to injury, though this was not significant.Conclusions Hand and wrist injuries are common among collegiate athletes. Division I athletes sustain higher rates of injuries and higher surgical intervention rates, while tending to miss fewer days due to injury. Improved characterization of divisional differences in hand and wrist injuries can assist injury management and prevention

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