Seasonal survival and migratory connectivity of the Eurasian Oystercatcher revealed by citizen science

Abstract Migratory connectivity describes linkages between breeding and non-breeding areas. An ongoing challenge is tracking avian species between breeding and non-breeding areas and hence estimating migratory connectivity and seasonal survival. Collaborative color-ringing projects between researchers and citizen scientists provide opportunities for tracking the annual movements of avian species. Our study describes seasonal survival and migratory connectivity using data from more than 4,600 individuals with over 51,000 observations, predominantly collected by citizen scientists. Our study focuses on the Eurasian Oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus), a species that has experienced a substantial and ongoing decline in recent decades. Multiple threats have been described, and given that these threats vary in space and time, there is an urgent need to estimate demographic rates at the appropriate spatio-temporal scale. We performed a seasonal multi-state (5 geographical areas within The Netherlands) live- and dead-recoveries analysis under varying model structures to account for biological and data complexity. Coastal breeding populations were largely sedentary, while inland breeding populations were migratory and the direction of migration varied among areas, which has not been described previously. Our results indicated that survival was lower during winter than summer and that survival was lower in inland areas compared with coastal areas. A concerning result was that seasonal survival of individuals over-wintering in the Wadden Sea, an internationally important site for over-wintering shorebirds, appeared to decline during the study period. We discuss the outcomes of our study, and how citizen science was integral for conducting this study. Our findings identify how the demographic rates of the oystercatcher vary in space and time, knowledge that is vital for generating hypotheses and prioritizing future research into the causes of decline.

Download Full-text

Mercury and Stable Isotopes in Feathers Of Audouin's Gulls as Indicators of Feeding Habits and Migratory Connectivity

The Condor ◽

10.1093/condor/109.2.268 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 109 (2) ◽

pp. 268-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Carola Sanpera ◽

Xavier Ruiz ◽

Rocío Moreno ◽

Lluís Jover ◽

Susan Waldron

Keyword(s):

Trophic Ecology ◽

Feeding Habits ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Future Research ◽

Migratory Connectivity ◽

Migration Patterns ◽

Isotopic Signatures ◽

Breeding Populations ◽

Breeding Grounds ◽

Wintering Areas

Abstract To better understand migratory connectivity between breeding and nonbreeding populations, we analyzed mercury (Hg) and stable isotope signatures of nitrogen (δ15N), carbon (δ13C), and sulfur (δ34S) in Audouin's Gulls (Larus audouinii) breeding in two different colonies, the Ebro Delta (northeastern Spain) and the Chafarinas Islands (southwestern Mediterranean). Although abundant information is available on the biology and trophic ecology of this gull's breeding populations, little is known about migration patterns, distribution in winter, or conditions faced during the nonbreeding period. Analyses were carried out on first primary feathers, grown during the summer while gulls are on the breeding grounds, and mantle feathers, grown during the winter. Different isotopic signatures (δ15N, δ13C, and δ34S) in summer (primary) feathers from each area agree with the observed differences in diet between the two colonies. In winter (mantle) feathers, isotopic signatures did not differ, consistent with a common wintering ground and common diet, although the lack of isotopic basemaps in marine systems precludes assignment to a geographical area of reference. Future research is needed to relate isotopic signatures and Hg values in mantle feathers to trophic ecology in wintering areas. Results for Hg indicate that the excretory role played by primary feathers precludes their use as indicators of trophic ecology.

Download Full-text

Workplace Ostracism and Its Negative Outcomes

Journal of Personnel Psychology ◽

10.1027/1866-5888/a000147 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 143-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Xiaoming Zheng ◽

Jun Yang ◽

Hang-Yue Ngo ◽

Xiao-Yu Liu ◽

Wengjuan Jiao

Keyword(s):

Affective Commitment ◽

Psychological Capital ◽

Intention To Leave ◽

Future Research ◽

Conservation Of Resources ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Negative Outcomes ◽

Workplace Ostracism ◽

Using Data ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. Workplace ostracism, conceived as to being ignored or excluded by others, has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. One essential topic in this area is how to reduce or even eliminate the negative consequences of workplace ostracism. Based on conservation of resources (COR) theory, the current study assesses the relationship between workplace ostracism and its negative outcomes, as well as the moderating role played by psychological capital, using data collected from 256 employees in three companies in the northern part of China. The study yields two important findings: (1) workplace ostracism is positively related to intention to leave and (2) psychological capital moderates the effect of workplace ostracism on affective commitment and intention to leave. This paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for organizations and employees, along with recommendations for future research.

Download Full-text

Siblings and Illness

Vanderbilt Undergraduate Research Journal ◽

10.15695/vurj.v7i0.2924 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Leah Sawyer Vanderwerp

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Birth Order ◽

Family Size ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Social Role ◽

Chronically Ill ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Future Research ◽

Mother And Child ◽

Using Data

Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-Mother and Child samples, I investigated the relationships among child and adolescent depressive symptoms, having a chronically ill sibling, and other child and familial demographic variables. From research on social support and social role transitions, with the Stress Process as a theoretical model, I hypothesized that children with chronically ill siblings experience more depressive symptoms. Specifically, I looked at age, gender, birth order and family size as potentially reducing the effect size of having a chronically ill sibling. Findings showed that having a chronically ill sibling is associated with demonstrating more depressive symptoms both in the bivariate and multivariate analyses. Although age, gender, birth order and family size do not interact significantly with having a chronically ill sibling in predicting depressive symptoms, they do present interesting findings about childhood depressive symptoms in general. Thus, the results of this study suggest specific and meaningful paths for future research.

Download Full-text

Intra- and Cross-Species Transmission of Astroviruses

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13061127 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1127

Author(s):

Shanley N. Roach ◽

Ryan A. Langlois

Keyword(s):

Rna Viruses ◽

Neurological Complications ◽

Avian Species ◽

Future Research ◽

Zoonotic Potential ◽

Extensive Disease ◽

New Host ◽

Viral Spread ◽

Common Causes ◽

New Host Species

Astroviruses are non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses that infect mammalian and avian species. In humans, astrovirus infections are one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis in children. Infection has also been linked to serious neurological complications, especially in immunocompromised individuals. More extensive disease has also been characterized in non-human mammalian and avian species. To date, astroviruses have been detected in over 80 different avian and mammalian hosts. As the number of hosts continues to rise, the need to understand how astroviruses transmit within a given species as well as to new host species becomes increasingly important. Here, we review the current understanding of astrovirus transmission, the factors that influence viral spread, and the potential for cross-species transmission. Additionally, we highlight the current gaps in knowledge and areas of future research that will be key to understanding astrovirus transmission and zoonotic potential.

Download Full-text

A data acquisition setup for data driven acoustic design

Building Acoustics ◽

10.1177/1351010x20986901 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1351010X2098690

Author(s):

Romana Rust ◽

Achilleas Xydis ◽

Kurt Heutschi ◽

Nathanael Perraudin ◽

Gonzalo Casas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Acquisition ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

Computational Design ◽

Surface Structures ◽

Future Research ◽

Data Set ◽

Process Measures ◽

First Results ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Automated Data Acquisition

In this paper, we present a novel interdisciplinary approach to study the relationship between diffusive surface structures and their acoustic performance. Using computational design, surface structures are iteratively generated and 3D printed at 1:10 model scale. They originate from different fabrication typologies and are designed to have acoustic diffusion and absorption effects. An automated robotic process measures the impulse responses of these surfaces by positioning a microphone and a speaker at multiple locations. The collected data serves two purposes: first, as an exploratory catalogue of different spatio-temporal-acoustic scenarios and second, as data set for predicting the acoustic response of digitally designed surface geometries using machine learning. In this paper, we present the automated data acquisition setup, the data processing and the computational generation of diffusive surface structures. We describe first results of comparative studies of measured surface panels and conclude with steps of future research.

Download Full-text

Secondary School Teachers’ Professional Development in Australia and Shanghai: Needs, Support, and Barriers

SAGE Open ◽

10.1177/21582440211026951 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 215824402110269

Author(s):

Guangbao Fang ◽

Philip Wing Keung Chan ◽

Penelope Kalogeropoulos

Keyword(s):

Professional Development ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Secondary School Teachers ◽

New Technology ◽

Development Program ◽

Future Research ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Using Data ◽

Teachers Professional Development ◽

Scheduled Time

Using data from the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS; 2013), this article explores teachers’ needs, support, and barriers in their professional development. The research finds that Australian teachers expressed greater needs in information and communication technology (ICT) use and new technology training for teaching, while Shanghai teachers required more assistance to satisfy students’ individual learning and pedagogical competencies. More than 80% of Australian and Shanghai teachers received scheduled time to support their participation in professional development, whereas less than 20% of Australian and Shanghai teachers received monetary or nonmonetary support. In terms of barriers, Australian and Shanghai teachers reported two significant barriers that conflicted with their participation in professional development: “working schedule” and “a lack of incentives to take part.” This article reveals implications of the study in the design of an effective professional development program for Australian and Shanghai teachers and ends with discussing the limitations of the research and future research directions.

Download Full-text

How Collective-Action Failure Shapes Group Heterogeneity and Engagement in Conventional and Radical Action Over Time

Psychological Science ◽

10.1177/0956797620970562 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095679762097056

Author(s):

Morgana Lizzio-Wilson ◽

Emma F. Thomas ◽

Winnifred R. Louis ◽

Brittany Wilcockson ◽

Catherine E. Amiot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Movements ◽

Collective Action ◽

Latent Profile Analysis ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Social Identification ◽

Future Research ◽

Group Efficacy ◽

Before And After ◽

Using Data ◽

Over Time

Extensive research has identified factors influencing collective-action participation. However, less is known about how collective-action outcomes (i.e., success and failure) shape engagement in social movements over time. Using data collected before and after the 2017 marriage-equality debate in Australia, we conducted a latent profile analysis that indicated that success unified supporters of change ( n = 420), whereas failure created subgroups among opponents ( n = 419), reflecting four divergent responses: disengagement (resigned acceptors), moderate disengagement and continued investment (moderates), and renewed commitment to the cause using similar strategies (stay-the-course opponents) or new strategies (innovators). Resigned acceptors were least inclined to act following failure, whereas innovators were generally more likely to engage in conventional action and justify using radical action relative to the other profiles. These divergent reactions were predicted by differing baseline levels of social identification, group efficacy, and anger. Collective-action outcomes dynamically shape participation in social movements; this is an important direction for future research.

Download Full-text

Please, Do Not Interrupt Me: Work–Family Balance and Segmentation Behavior as Mediators of Boundary Violations and Teleworkers’ Burnout and Flourishing

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13137339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 7339

Author(s):

Vânia Sofia Carvalho ◽

Alda Santos ◽

Maria Teresa Ribeiro ◽

Maria José Chambel

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Work And Family ◽

Future Research ◽

Boundary Violations ◽

Family Balance ◽

Work Family Balance ◽

Work Family ◽

Using Data ◽

The Relationship

The lockdown, in the COVID-19 pandemic, is considered an external crisis that evokes innumerous changes in individuals lives. One of the changes is the work and family dynamics. Based on boundary theory we examine the mediated role of work and family balance and boundary segmentation behavior in the relationship between boundary violations and teleworkers’ stress and well-being. However, because women and men live their work and family differently, gender may condition the way teleworkers lead with boundary violations and boundary segmentation. Hypotheses were tested through moderated mediation modeling using data collected of 456 teleworkers during lockdown. In line with our expectations, teleworkers who have suffered most boundary violations were those with least boundary segmentation behaviors and with least work-family balance which, in turn was related to higher burnout and lower flourishing. Furthermore, gender was found to moderate the relationship between boundary violations from work-to-family and segmentation behavior in the same direction and this relationship was stronger for females than for males. We discuss implications for future research and for managing teleworkers, creating sustainability, both during a crise and stable days.

Download Full-text

Rainfall estimates from opportunistic sensors in Germany across spatio-temporal scales – Geostatistical interpolation framework

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-12415 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Micha Eisele ◽

Maximilian Graf ◽

Abbas El Hachem ◽

Jochen Seidel ◽

Christian Chwala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meteorological Data ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Urban Catchment ◽

Space And Time ◽

Geostatistical Interpolation ◽

Primary Network ◽

Ground Measurement ◽

Catchment Areas ◽

Important Input ◽

Spatio Temporal

Precipitation - highly variable in space and time - is the most important input for many hydrological models. As these models become more and more detailed in space and time, high-resolution input data are required. Especially for modeling and prediction in fast reacting catchments, such as urban catchment areas, a higher space-time resolution is needed than the current ground measurement networks operated by national weather services usually provide. With the increasing number and availability of opportunistic sensors such as commercial microwave links (CMLs) and personal weather stations (PWS) in recent years, new opportunities for measuring meteorological data are emerging.We developed a geostatistical interpolation framework which allows a combination of different opportunistic sensors and their specific features and geometric properties, e.g. point and line information. In this framework, a combined kriging approach is introduced, taking into account not only the point information of a reliable primary network, e.g., from national weather services, but also the higher uncertainty of the PWS- and CML-based precipitation. The path-averaged information of the CMLs is included through a block kriging-type approach.The methodology was applied for two 7-months periods in Germany using an hourly temporal and a 1x1 km spatial resolution. By incorporating CMLs and PWS, the Pearson correlation could be increased from 0.56 to 0.73 compared to using only primary network for interpolation. The resulting precipitation maps also provided good agreement compared to gauge adjusted radar products.

Download Full-text

Coprescribing of Benzodiazepines and Opioids in Older Adults: Rates, Correlates, and National Trends

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/gly283 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (12) ◽

pp. 1910-1915 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Taeho Greg Rhee

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Future Research ◽

Physician Visits ◽

Prescribing Trends ◽

Clinical Diagnoses ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Using Data ◽

National Trends ◽

Ambulatory Medical Care ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background To estimate prescribing trends of and correlates independently associated with coprescribing of benzodiazepines and opioids among adults aged 65 years or older in office-based outpatient visits. Methods I examined a nationally representative sample of office-based physician visits by older adults between 2006 and 2015 (n = 109,149 unweighted) using data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys (NAMCS). National rates and prescribing trends were estimated. Then, I used multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with coprescriptions of benzodiazepines and opioids. Results From 2006 to 2015, 15,954 (14.6%) out of 109,149 visits, representative of 39.3 million visits nationally, listed benzodiazepine, opioid, or both medications prescribed. The rate of prescription benzodiazepines only increased monotonically from 4.8% in 2006–2007 to 6.2% in 2014–2015 (p < .001), and the rate of prescription opioids only increased monotonically from 5.9% in 2006–2007 to 10.0% in 2014–2015 (p < .001). The coprescribing rate of benzodiazepines and opioids increased over time from 1.1% in 2006–2007 to 2.7% in 2014–2015 (p < .001). Correlates independently associated with a higher likelihood of both benzodiazepine and opioid prescriptions included: female sex, a visit for chronic care, receipt of six or more concomitantly prescribed medications, and clinical diagnoses of anxiety and pain (p < .01 for all). Conclusion The coprescribing rate of benzodiazepines and opioids increased monotonically over time in outpatient care settings. Because couse of benzodiazepines and opioids is associated with medication burdens and potential harms, future research is needed to address medication safety in these vulnerable populations.

Download Full-text