Siblings and Illness

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Sawyer Vanderwerp
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Using Data

Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-Mother and Child samples, I investigated the relationships among child and adolescent depressive symptoms, having a chronically ill sibling, and other child and familial demographic variables. From research on social support and social role transitions, with the Stress Process as a theoretical model, I hypothesized that children with chronically ill siblings experience more depressive symptoms. Specifically, I looked at age, gender, birth order and family size as potentially reducing the effect size of having a chronically ill sibling. Findings showed that having a chronically ill sibling is associated with demonstrating more depressive symptoms both in the bivariate and multivariate analyses. Although age, gender, birth order and family size do not interact significantly with having a chronically ill sibling in predicting depressive symptoms, they do present interesting findings about childhood depressive symptoms in general. Thus, the results of this study suggest specific and meaningful paths for future research.

Prediction of Recidivism in a Criminal Population by Birth Order and Family Size

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur MacNeill Horton ◽  
Donald M. Medley
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Male Offenders ◽  
Prediction Of Recidivism ◽  
Adlerian Theory ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
Adult Male Offenders

This study investigated the prediction of recidivism by birth order and family size. Subjects were 204 black, 193 white, and 4 other adult male offenders who completed a 10-item questionnaire during intake classification interviews. Birth-order and family-size categories were formed on the basis of Adlerian theory. Data were analyzed by a priori contrasts. A statistically significant effect was found for the firstborn adult, male offender. It is suggested that birth order is a promising area for future research.

Changes in Parental Assets and Children's Educational Outcomes

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
VERNON LOKE ◽  
PAUL SACCO
Keyword(s):  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Reading Scores ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Asset Accumulation ◽  
Growth Curve Models ◽  
Math Scores ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
Using Data

AbstractSeveral countries, including Canada, Singapore and the United Kingdom, have enacted asset-based policies for children in recent years. The premise underlying these policies is that increases in assets lead to improvement in various child outcomes over time. But little existing research examines this premise from a dynamic perspective. Using data from the NLSY79 mother and child datasets, two parallel process latent growth curve models are estimated to examine the effects of parental asset accumulation on changes in children's achievements over six years during middle childhood. Results indicate that the initial level of assets is positively associated with math scores, but not reading scores, while faster asset accumulation is associated with changes in reading scores, but not in math scores. Overall, the results suggest that the relationship between assets and various child outcomes may not be straight-forward. Different dimensions of the asset experience may lead to different outcomes, and the same dimension may also have different effects. Implications for future research and for asset-based policies are discussed.

scholarly journals Styles of Communication inside Family and its Relation with the Self-Affirmation of the Sixth Grade Primary School in Jeddah

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Mohsen Shaher Al Awfi
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Family

The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between communication styles within the family and its impact on self-affirmation on female students at the sixth-grade primary school in Jeddah. This study was conducted on a sample of 252 students which were selected randomly. The researcher used the correlative/ comparative descriptive approach in conducting this particular study. Scales of both communication styles as well as self-affirmation were chosen and the following results were obtained. The method supplies or top offensive common methods of communication within the family by medium (24.60), followed by an average affirmative method (22.98) and third style skylights average (19.63), finally came the affirmative method average (15.51), affirmative behavior also achieved Level (average), median (44.87) and a percentage of (56.08%). A positive relationship with a statistic significant was existed between all communication styles and self-affirmation of the participants except for the manipulative style. In addition, differences with a statistic significant were discovered between the medium degrees of communication styles and parents’ level of education. Furthermore, differences with a statistic significant were appeared on the participants’ medium degrees according to their family economic status. Conversely, no differences were pointed out for the manipulative and assertive styles. Moreover, differences with a statistic significant were noted on the participants, medium degrees in accordance with their birth order in the family. No differences were marked between participants for the aggressive and affirmative styles. Additionally, differences with a statistic significant were found between the participants, degrees in communication styles and their family size especially in the aggressive style. These differences were clear for those with an extended family while the differences between the affirmative and assertive styles were for students related to a nuclear family. No differences were obtained between both styles the passive and the manipulative. Furthermore, differences with a statistic significant were revealed between the participants, medium degrees of self-affirmation and their family level of education for those with post-secondary education parents. Similarly, differences were observed between the participants, self-affirmation and their family economic status for those with an outcome less than (5000) Riyals. Finally, based on the current study there were no differences with statistic significant among participants, medium degrees on their self-affirmation according to their birth order and their family size. In light of this study, several recommendations and future research were suggested.

scholarly journals Worsening Mental Health and Self-Rated Health in Older Incarcerated Persons During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 484-484
Author(s):  
Lisa Barry ◽  
Deborah Noujaim ◽  
Alexandra DePalma ◽  
Emil Coman ◽  
Dorothy Wakefield
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Racially Diverse ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Incarcerated persons age 50 and older comprise one of society’s most vulnerable groups given high rates of chronic illness, estrangement from family/friends, and suicide. Consequently, the mental health impact of COVID-19 on this population may be especially salient. Using data from the ongoing Aging Inmates’ Suicidal Ideation and Depression study (Aging INSIDE), we determined change in older incarcerated persons’ mental health (anxiety and depression symptoms) and change in self-rated health (SRH) from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic, and evaluated how these variables were related. Of the 202 still-incarcerated Aging INSIDE participants, 157 (77%) completed Check-In Surveys between August-September 2020. Participants were 96% male, racially diverse (41% White, 41% Black, 18% Hispanic/Other) and average age was 56.0(±5.8) years. From before to during the COVID-19 pandemic, average anxiety symptom scores, assessed by the GAD-7, increased (worsened) (from 6.4±5.7 to 7.8±6.6; p<0.001), average depressive symptoms scores, measured by the PHQ-8, increased (worsened) (from 5.5±6.0 to 8.1±6.5; p<0.001), and average SRH decreased (worsened) (from 3.0±0.2 to 2.6±0.2; p<0.001). Worsening anxiety led to worsening depressive symptoms (direct effect = 0.339; p<0.05). A mediation model controlling for age, race, chronic conditions, years until release, and change in social support score found a total effect of change in anxiety on SRH change of -0.04 (p<0.001), of which 34.2% flows indirectly through change in depression (p<0.001). Older incarcerated persons experienced worsening mental health and SRH during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future research will determine if mental health and SRH improve following vaccination and return to “normal” procedures.

scholarly journals The Effects of Birth Order and Family Size on Academic Achievement, Divergent Thinking, and Problem Finding Among Gifted Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abdulla Alabbasi
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Gifted Students ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Problem Finding ◽  
Arab Students

Birth order, family size, and other familial structural characteristics are important variables to consider to understand the transformation from gifts to talents. The current study explored the influence of birth order and family size on academic achievement, divergent thinking (DT), and problem finding (PF) with a sample of 156 gifted male and female Arab students (M= 12.21 years, SD= 1.75). Regarding academic achievement, we hypothesized that first-borns will be overrepresented in our sample, which was true; i.e., nearly half the gifted students in this study were first-borns. Comparing ordinal position in academic achievement, first-borns possessed higher grade point averages (GPAs) than did other-born children. Family size was also related to academic achievement—participants from smaller-sized families had significantly higher GPAs compared with gifted students from middle- and large-sized families. As for the influence of birth order and family size on both DT and PF, our findings were partly supported. A multivariate analysis of variance showed significant differences for birth order and the interaction between birth order and family size in the originality dimension of PF. Non-significant differences were found concerning family size. The follow-up analyses of variance showed that later-born gifted students scored higher than first-, second-, third-, and fourth-born children in PF originality. Later-born gifted students who scored higher on originality were from smaller families. No significant influences for birth order and family size were found concerning fluency for both DT and PF as well as DT originality. This was the first study to examine the effect of family size and birth order on PF, and there is a need for future research to elucidate the influence of familial structural characteristics on PF.

Symptoms of Alcohol Dependence Predict Suicide Ideation Among Alaskan Undergraduates

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Monica C. Skewes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Abstract. Background: Previous research has demonstrated an association between alcohol-related problems and suicidal ideation (SI). Aims: The present study evaluated, simultaneously, alcohol consequences and symptoms of alcohol dependence as predictors of SI after adjusting for depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption. Method: A sample of 298 Alaskan undergraduates completed survey measures, including the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory – II. The association between alcohol problems and SI status was evaluated using sequential logistic regression. Results: Symptoms of alcohol dependence (OR = 1.88, p < .05), but not alcohol-related consequences (OR = 1.01, p = .95), emerged as an independent predictor of SI status above and beyond depressive symptoms (OR = 2.39, p < .001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.08, p = .39). Conclusion: Alcohol dependence symptoms represented a unique risk for SI relative to alcohol-related consequences and alcohol consumption. Future research should examine the causal mechanism behind the relationship between alcohol dependence and suicidality among university students. Assessing the presence of dependence symptoms may improve the accuracy of identifying students at risk of SI.

Workplace Ostracism and Its Negative Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Zheng ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Hang-Yue Ngo ◽  
Xiao-Yu Liu ◽  
Wengjuan Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Workplace Ostracism ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Workplace ostracism, conceived as to being ignored or excluded by others, has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. One essential topic in this area is how to reduce or even eliminate the negative consequences of workplace ostracism. Based on conservation of resources (COR) theory, the current study assesses the relationship between workplace ostracism and its negative outcomes, as well as the moderating role played by psychological capital, using data collected from 256 employees in three companies in the northern part of China. The study yields two important findings: (1) workplace ostracism is positively related to intention to leave and (2) psychological capital moderates the effect of workplace ostracism on affective commitment and intention to leave. This paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for organizations and employees, along with recommendations for future research.

Resolving the debate over birth order, family size, and intelligence.

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Lee Rodgers ◽  
H. Harrington Cleveland ◽  
Edwin van den Oord ◽  
David C. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Size
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